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Biomedical subjects

H S Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to H S Pedersen.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Viper bites].

Two cases of bites by the common viper were reviewed. Emphasis was focused on proper medical monitoring in an intensive care unit for a minimum of one day. Observations should include ECG, Hb, leucocytes, electrolytes in both blood and urine, CPK, and coagulation factors. Surgical intervention, heparin and cryotherapy are not recommended. Proper treatment with immobilisation of the bitten extremity, tetanus antitoxin and volume therapy is recommended. In severe cases Zagreb Antitoxin should be used. Patients with cardio-pulmonary problems require special attention.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Comparison of tactile and mechanomyographical assessment of response to double burst and train-of-four stimulation during moderate and profound neuromuscular blockade.

It is common clinical practice to estimate the degree of neuromuscular blockade by tactile evaluation of twitch responses. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of tactile responses of adductor pollicis to double-burst stimulation (DBS) and train-of-four (TOF) peripheral nerve stimulation for monitoring moderate and profound levels of neuromuscular blockade. The study comprised 44 women scheduled for gynaecological laparotomy and anaesthetised with midazolam, fentanyl, thiopentone, halothane, nitrous oxide and atracurium. The tactile responses of the adductor pollicis were compared with mechanomyographical measurements in the contra lateral arm during recovery from neuromuscular blockade. The observers (anaesthetic nurses) of the tactile responses were blinded with regard to the stimulation pattern and the mechanomyographical measurements. The time from injection of the initial dose of atracurium until tactile reappearance of the first twitch in DBS (D1), was 24.6 (0-39.8) min, median (range). This was more rapid than the time until tactile reappearance of the first twitch in TOF (T1) 32.8 (18.2-43.4) min (P < 0.05). The median time from tactile reappearance of D1 until T1 recovered to 15% of the control twitch height was longer than the median time from tactile reappearance of T1 (14.6 versus 10.5 min) (P < 0.05). One or two responses to DBS or TOF were often felt before any responses had been detected mechanomyographically in the contralateral arm. When three or four responses to TOF were felt, responses were always detected mechanomyographically. It is concluded that tactile evaluation of responses ot DBS stimulation can estimate deeper levels of blockade than tactile evaluation of responses to TOF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Gastric tonometry. Use in critically ill patients].

Gastric tonometry is a simple, minimally invasive method for measuring the oxygenation of the gastric mucosa. The present monitoring of patients in the ICU is by global measurements. A clinically usable method for monitoring at tissue level is presented. Securing the oxygenation of the gastrointestinal tract seems to be very important in the efforts to secure a sufficient global oxygenation. A review and evaluation of the literature concerning gastric tonometry in intensive care medicine is presented. History, method and potential errors are described. At the moment the numbers of studies being done on gastric tonometry are rapidly increasing.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1994

Fatty acids and antioxidants in the Inuit diet. Their role in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and possible interactions with other dietary factors. A review.

The recent literature on the role of fatty acids and antioxidants as protective factors in ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been reviewed. Serum cholesterol, especially LDL-cholesterol, is regarded as an index of risk for IHD. Epidemiological studies have connected a high dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids with a low occurrence of IHD. It is believed that this effect is brought about by a modification of the eicosanoid synthesis and a lowering of the cholesterol level. Intervention studies have not demonstrated that n-3 acids can lower the level whereas monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) have been shown to have such an effect although they were previously believed to be neutral. The epidemiological observations probably reflect the combined effect of both n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and MUFAs. Recently, oxidized LDL has been suggested to be involved in the earliest lesion of atherogenesis. This hypothesis suggest that the antioxidant balance is an important factor for IHD. As the traditional Greenlandic diet is rich in n-3 PUFAs, MUFAs and antioxidants (selenium), epidemiological studies in Greenland could shed important light on the role of individual dietary components and their interactions.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1991

[Necrotizing fasciitis. A rapid fatal course of Streptococcus pyogenes, Lancefield group A serotype M1 (killer streptococci), infection].

The case history of necrotizing fasciitis in a previously healthy man aged 37 years is presented. The disease ran a rapidly fatal course. The only finding on bacterial culture was Streptococcus pyogenes, Lancefield group A, serotype M1, ("killer streptococci"). The therapeutic possibilities are briefly outlined and the importance of rapid surgical intervention is emphasized. It is concluded that this patient was actually beyond therapeutic aid less than 12 hours after admission. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Lancefield group A, serotype M1, is comparable with meningococcal disease. It appears probable that the disease had developed in this patient as a sequel of streptococcal arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Localization of epsilon-lysyl-gamma-glutamyl cross-links in five human alpha 2-macroglobulin-proteinase complexes. Nature of the high molecular weight cross-linked products.

Covalent binding of proteinases by human alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2M) results primarily from the formation of stable epsilon-Lys-gamma-Glu isopeptide bonds. Cross-linking engages 12, 13, and 10 of the 14, 14, and 11 Lys residues in chymotrypsin, trypsin, and subtilisin, respectively, and reaction with the alpha-amino group of the C-chain of chymotrypsin and the B-chain of beta-trypsin is also seen. In contrast, cross-linking engages only 6 of the 11 Lys residues in thermolysin. In each of these proteinases, a few residues react to the greatest extent: Lys36, Lys79, Lys87, and Lys93 in chymotrypsin; Lys87, Lys109, Lys222, and Lys239 in trypsin; Lys12, Lys43, and Lys141 in subtilisin; and Lys210 and Lys219 in thermolysin. In elastase, 1 of the 3 Lys residues (Lys87) is tentatively identified as being cross-linked. Formation of unstable bonds judged to be mainly p-tyrosyl-gamma-glutamyl esters can also be significant for some proteinases. In each of the proteinases, several of the strongly reacting Lys residues are located relatively close to each other, presumably reflecting steric constraints within the alpha 2M-proteinase complexes as they form. Proteinases are covalently bound to alpha 2M to one or two of its COOH-terminal bait region-cleaved half-subunits. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern of the high molecular weight cross-linked species indicates that binding of a proteinase through two cross-links occurs not only within the 360-kDa disulfide-bridged alpha 2M dimer but also between the two dimers in the alpha 2M tetramer.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

[Penicillin allergy].

Patients are often labelled "allergic to penicillin" without adequate reason. Since penicillins are frequently the drugs of choice, this label should not be accepted lightly. The allergic reactions to penicillins are of immediate, accelerated, or delayed-type hypersensitivity. The most serious reactions are those of acute- and accelerated-type, which are both IgE mediated. Ideally, patients suspected of being allergic to penicillins should be tested in succession with RAST, skin testing, and per-oral provocation. Patients with serious infections and documented penicillin allergy should undergo desensitisation. Patients with penicillin allergy have a slightly increased risk of reactions to cephalosporins.

Drug Hypersensitivity↗