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Biomedical subjects

H S Nelson

Publications and source records attributed to H S Nelson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Greater inhibition of dermographia with a combination of H1 and H2 antagonists.

The dermographic response was measured in eleven subjects with dermographia and chronic urticaria at baseline and after treatment with an H1 antihistamine, an H2 antihistamine and the combination. Greatest inhibition of the dermographic response occurred with a combination of the H1 and H2 blockers (P less than .01). These results support the rationale of using the combination of H1 and H2 antagonists in urticarial disease not responding to H1 blockers alone.

Chlorpheniramine↗
PubMed1983

The effect of positive and negative air ions on bronchial asthma.

The effect of prolonged exposure to either positive or negative small air ions was studied in nine patients with bronchial asthma, of whom seven had reported increased respiratory symptoms in association with weather changes. On consecutive days, while grounded, patients were exposed for six hours to approximately 10,000/cc of either positive or negative ions. Pulmonary function, pulse and blood pressure were measured throughout the exposure. Questionnaires to assess emotional state and physical symptoms were completed after 15 minutes and five hours each day. Urinary 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5HIAA) excretion was measured. Patients were continued on theophylline but adrenergics and corticosteroids were withheld. No patient experienced an exacerbation of asthma. Symptoms, pulmonary function, pulse and blood pressure, urinary 5HIAA excretion and the response to the questionnaires did not differ significantly between the two ion exposures. Thus moderately long exposure to positive or negative small air ions did not influence the clinical condition of these patients, many of whom reported exacerbations with weather changes. The findings do not support a significant role of small air ions in exacerbations or treatment of bronchial asthma.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Lability of blocking antibody during ragweed immunotherapy.

The long-term immunologic changes with allergy injection therapy have been widely studied. There are few data, however, on the immunologic response to a single injection during the course of this therapy. Ten patients who had attained maintenance (1:100 w/v) within six months and 13 patients who had been on maintenance longer than three years were compared. Following baseline studies patients received their standard ragweed injections and were followed without further injections for 30 days. Titrated prick tests to short ragweed, specific IgE to short ragweed and IgG antibody to ragweed AgE were determined at intervals during the 30 days. Baseline values of skin tests, specific IgE and specific IgG did not differ significantly for the two groups. Values for all three parameters did not fluctuate significantly during the study. This study suggests that blocking antibody levels are stable soon after reaching maintenance and that allergy injections can be safely administered at monthly intervals beginning at that time.

Allergens↗
PubMed1983

Relation between positive small air ions, weather fronts and pulmonary function in patients with bronchial asthma.

Some patients with bronchial asthma report increased symptoms in association with weather fronts. It has been reported that a rise in positive small air ions occurs several hours before other evidence of a storm front, and it has been suggested that the increase in these ions might be responsible for the changes in clinical status reported by such patients. Twelve patients were selected on the basis of a history of weather-induced worsening of asthma. They measured pulmonary functions four times daily at the same time that measurements of small air ions and other meteorologic parameters were obtained. Two episodes of inclement weather were monitored during the study period. The mean peak flow rates in this group of patients did not vary significantly with the changes in ion levels or other meteorologic factors which resulted from the passage of these weather fronts.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1983

The effect of corticosteroids on theophylline metabolism.

Because of recent reports linking elevations of serum theophylline levels to toxic ranges with the administration of large doses of hydrocortisone we undertook a study of the effect of high-dose corticosteroids on theophylline blood levels in normal volunteers. Seven volunteers received a sustained-release theophylline preparation every 12 hours until stable blood levels were achieved. Each subject then received during three separate eight-hour testing sessions intravenous boluses of either methyl prednisolone, hydrocortisone or saline. Theophylline levels were obtained hourly. Corticosteroids did not increase serum theophylline levels significantly. In fact, theophylline clearance rates on corticosteroids were 21% higher than on saline, p less than .02.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1983

Dermographia caused by IgE mediated penicillin allergy.

A patient developed symptomatic dermographia while taking penicillin. The dermographia disappeared when the penicillin was stopped. The patient usually was negative for dermographia testing up to 400 g pressure. While taking penicillin a dermographic response occurred at 50 g pressure. Passive transfer skin testing established that the reaction was mediated by an IgE antibody to penicillin breakdown products. Interestingly, in both the subject and the passive transfer recipient skin testing to Pen G, M.D.M. and B.P.L. was negative. We concluded that the dermographia in our patient resulted from specific IgE penicillin interactions not recognized by the usual testing reagents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Aerosolized terbutaline in asthmatics: development of subsensitivity with long-term administration.

The peak response and the duration of bronchodilator effect were measured after four inhalations at 20 min intervals of 250 micrograms of aerosolized terbutaline in 13 patients with bronchial asthma. Patients were initially studied after strict avoidance of all adrenergic agents for 2 wk; they were then studied at 2 wk intervals for 12 wk while receiving 500 micrograms of aerosolized terbutaline q.i.d. The initial testing (TI) and the testing at the end of 12 wk (TII) were double blind. Both peak response and duration of action decreased significantly between TI and TII. Cumulative dose-response curves showed that further improvement occurred after each inhalation during TI but that there was significant improvement only after the first inhalation during TII.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1982

Experience with daily immunotherapy in 59 adult allergic patients.

Fifty-nine adult men with seasonal allergic rhinitis received immunotherapy that was administered five to six times per week until maintenance doses were achieved. Immunologic response was monitored with titrated prick skin tests, which revealed increased sensitivity at 2 wk. followed by progressive decline coinciding with a rise in IgG blocking antibody. Specific serum IgE (RAST) did not change. When compared with a group of receiving conventional weekly injections, these subjects required the same number of injections to reach maintenance and had the same incidence of adverse reactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of ascorbic acid on cutaneous and nasal response to histamine and allergen.

The effect of ascorbic acid (AA) on the skin wheal and flare response to histamine and allergen and on the nasal response to allergen was evaluated in eight adults with seasonal allergic rhinitis. The above parameters were measured after 3 days of AA administration (2 gm/day) and again after 3 days of a similar-appearing lactose placebo. An additional study was conducted in which six subjects took 0 (placebo), 1, 2, and 4 gm/day of AA to determine the dose-response effect of AA on histamine skin tests. Overall there was no difference in skin or nasal reactivity between AA and placebo regimens. The findings in this study suggest that AA in relatively high doses would have no beneficial effects on symptoms resulting from allergen exposure and that AA in doses of up to 4 gm/day will not suppress the histamine skin response.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of beta-adrenergic agents on immunoglobulin G levels of asthmatic subjects.

Asthmatic subjects using oral beta-adrenergic agents had significantly lower mean serum IgG levels than asthmatics not taking beta-adrenergic agents (984 vs. 1,195 mg/dl, p less than 0.025). Corticosteroid use had the same effect (920 vs. 1,195 mg/dl, p less than 0.005). Concomitant usage of both agents was associated with further depression of IgG levels. These were no differences between the serum levels of IgA, IgM, IgD, IgE and the complement components C3 and C4 associated with the use of either or both agents. These findings suggest that beta-adrenergic agents, used in pharmacologic doses, may have an effect on the immune system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Allergens in commercial house dust.

The allergen content of commercial house dust extracts was examined. Mite, cat dander and dog dander were major allergens found in the extracts. Endo dust was different from the house dust extracts. There were significant apparent differences in potency between house dust extracts as obtained from the manufacturer. Human dander and cotton linters, at best, represent only minor contributors to house dust allergenicity.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

Effect of preservatives and conditions of storage on the potency of allergy extracts.

The effect of several preservatives and conditions of storage on the potency of allergy extracts in dilutions of 1:100 to 1:10,000 was measured by radioallergosorbent test (RAST) inhibition. Accelerated loss of extract potency occurred with intermittent exposure to room temperature. Additional extracts helped maintain the potency of the others in a mixture, especially at greater dilutions. No increased loss of potency could be demonstrated with partial filling of vials. Of paramount importance in the maintenance of extract potency was the preservative employed. There was marked loss of potency in phenol saline, no demonstrable loss in 50% glycerine, and intermediate loss with 10% glycerin or 0.03% human serum albumin (HSA). The preservative effects of 10% glycerin and 0.03% HSA were additive.

Allergens↗