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Biomedical subjects

H S Jonas

Publications and source records attributed to H S Jonas.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Undergraduate medical education.

The number of applicants to US medical schools continued to decline, while the number of accepted applicants increased slightly. From 1987-1988 to 1988-1989 academic years, the number of first-year medical students (including repeaters) who were white non-Hispanic males decreased 2.5%, the number of black non-Hispanic males decreased 6.3%, and the number of Asians or Pacific Islander males increased 10.3%. During the same period, the number of first-year students who were white non-Hispanic females decreased 0.8%, the number of black non-Hispanic females decreased 4.8%, and the number of Asians or Pacific Islander females increased 13.7%. Women constituted one third of the entering class in the 1988-1989 academic year. During the past 5 years, the ratio of full-time medical school faculty to medical students increased from 0.88 to 1.08. About 4.8% of budgeted full-time faculty positions were unfilled, down from 5% in the 1987-1988 academic year. However, in the 1988-1989 academic year, more than 5% of positions were unfilled in microbiology, anesthesiology, dermatology, family medicine, neurology, obstetrics-gynecology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, pediatrics, and surgery. Many schools are showing signs of adopting new curricular approaches. A majority of medical schools have implemented many recommendations of the GPEP Report, at least at some level. Problem-based learning is present in the curriculum of 82% of schools, mainly as an experience in one or a few courses. In about two-thirds of schools, computer-based instruction is a formal part of one or more courses or laboratories. Thus, the medical schools appear to be addressing the challenges presented by the changing environment of medical education.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1988

Undergraduate medical education.

There were 28,123 applicants to US medical schools for the 1987-1988 academic year, a 10% decrease from the 1986-1987 year. Of this number, 17,027 applicants were accepted by at least one school. First-year enrollment equaled 16,686 students, of whom 639 students were repeating the first year. Thus, the number of first-time enrolled students was 16,047. This represents a decrease of 159 new-entry students from the previous year. Over 46% of the students entering medical school in the 1987-1988 academic year had a premedical GPA of 3.50 or higher (on a four-point scale). Eighty-seven percent of US medical schools academically qualified candidates on the basis of noncognitive criteria. In the past five years the number of first-year white male students has decreased by 13.2%, while the number of black male students has decreased by 1% [corrected]. In the same period, the number of white female students increased by less than one tenth of 1%, while the number of black female students has increased by 31.7%. The number of Asians or Pacific Islanders entering US medical schools has more than doubled: the percentage of male students increased by 106.5% and that of female students by 128.4%. The total number of students enrolled in 127 US medical schools in the 1987-1988 year was 65,742; of this number, 22,539 (34.3%) were women. The estimated number of graduates in the 1987-1988 year was 15,947. The total enrollment of students from underrepresented ethnic/racial groups was 6955 (10.6%), of which 4086 (6.2%) were blacks of non-Hispanic origin. The number of new-entry first-year students from underrepresented groups was 1776 (11.1%), of which 1063 (6.6%) were blacks. The number of full-time medical school faculty members was 66,798; another 130,437 were part-time and volunteer faculty members. The average time needed to complete the curriculum requirements leading to the MD degree is 152 weeks. Twenty-two medical schools offered a combined college-medical school program. The length of these combined programs averaged 256 weeks. The number of schools offering a Fifth Pathway program has decreased, and the number of applicants for these programs has also declined. The net attrition rate, which excludes students who withdrew temporarily to pursue advanced study or research, has remained at about 2%. Students dismissed because of poor academic standing represent 16% of the total student attrition.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Accreditation↗
PubMed1987

A time for reason.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Abortion, Legal↗
PubMed1983

Disseminated gonococcal infections.

A four-year retrospective review of 55 patients with disseminated infections from Neisseria gonorrhoeae revealed that this complication occurs in young adults, with a predominance in women (80%). The most common manifestation of disseminated gonococcal infection was arthritis, which occurred in 47 patients (85.5%). The second most common manifestation of disseminated gonococcal infection was dermatitis, which occurred in 33 patients (60%). A thorough history, a careful physical examination, and a high index of suspicion are essential for the diagnosis. Disseminated gonococcal infection can be confirmed by isolation of gonococci from potential sites, including urethra, cervix, rectum, oropharynx, and blood. Early diagnosis and adequate therapy are necessary to prevent serious complications. The role of the gynecologist in preventing, diagnosing, and/or treating this disorder is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Trophoblastic pulmonary embolism.

Trophoblastic embolism is subclinical in normal pregnancy, pronounced in eclampsia, and massive in hydatidiform mole. Self-limited acute respiratory distress arises in 3% to 10% of molar pregnancies at the time of uterine evacuation. Infrequently death occurs; the principal findings are trophoblastic emboli in the pulmonary arterioles, edema of the lungs, and dilatation of the right side of the heart. Hyperthyroidism may develop, and fibrin may line the alveolar walls. Pathogenetic mechanisms include heart failure, hyperthyroidism, dilutional anemia, and pulmonary arteriolar blockage. Infusions of fluid and whole blood tend to cause pulmonary overload, which may precipitate right-sided heart failure. Preferred therapy consists of diuresis and ventilatory support, especially with oxygen under positive end-expiratory pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Perinatal deaths in twin pregnancy. A five-year analysis of statewide statistics in Missouri.

Analysis of computer-stored State of Missouri birth and death records over a 5 year period revealed 3,594 twin pregnancies (1.02% of all pregnancies), which accounted for 10.1% of the perinatal deaths. The mean birth weight according to weeks of gestation was computed for the pregnancies with no complications noted prior to labor and the perinatal mortality rate was determined. Complications of pregnancy were evaluated. Low birth weight appears to be the major factor in the elevated perinatal death rate in twin pregnancy, with a significant elevation of the perinatal death rate noted with labor prior to 36 weeks, any episode of hemorrhage, or premature rupture of membranes. A more liberal use of cesarean section currently shows no effect in altering the perinatal mortality rate. Programs are suggested to increase early detection and appropriate consultation and referral of multiple pregnancies in a statewide comprehensive effort to decrease the perinatal mortality rate in twin pregnancy.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1979

Correlates of clinical performance during medical school.

Many efforts have been made to define the complex factors related to successful clinical performance and to determine relationships among them. This study was an attempt to increase the understanding of cognitive and noncognitive attributes of clinical performance. Intercorrelations among overall clinical performance ratings, quarterly comprehensive examination scores, total scores on the Part II examination of the National Board of Medical Examiners, and overall grade-point average were computed for a graduating class of medical students. Aspects of clinical performance pertaining to information, concepts, skills, ingenuity, and conscientiousness were found to correlate with academic achievement as measured by grades and cognitive tests; however, such a correlation was not found for other aspects pertaining to attitude, peer relations, maturity, patient rapport, and integrity.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1978

Management of premature rupture of the membranes.

A 14-month prospective study of patients with premature rupture of the membranes was performed. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of different therapeutic regimens for management of premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) on perinatal morbidity and mortality, as well as on maternal morbidity. Maternal and fetal risk factors and predictive factors in pregnancy outcome were prospectively defined. In patients with PROM whose gestational age was 34 weeks or more, induction within the first 12 hours of membrane rupture resulted in minimal maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Patients with gestational age of less than 34 weeks had an improved maternal and fetal outcome if left alone until spontaneous labor or 34 weeks' gestation was reached unless signs of sepsis developed. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the infants of patients who delivered prematurely due to premature rupture of the membranes. Incidence of fetal infection was significantly less than that of RDS as a cause for fetal morbidity and mortality.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

Virilization in Turner syndrome.

A case of gonadal dysgenesis in a phenotypic female associated with neoplastic changes is presented. The patient typified a classic case of Turner syndrome with a 45, XO chromosomal compliment, becoming virilized as a result of the development of bilateral hilar cell hyperplasia in her dysgenetic gonads. The malignant potential of the dysgenetic gonad is stressed in this report. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are emphasized as the two factors that make the difference in the outcome of the patient with gonadal dysgenesis.

Adult↗