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Biomedical subjects

H S Hong

Publications and source records attributed to H S Hong.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Improved imaging of hepatic metastases with delayed pulse inversion harmonic imaging using a contrast agent SH U 508A: preliminary study.

To investigate the feasibility of delayed pulse-inversion harmonic imaging (PIHI) with the SH U 508A to improve imaging of hepatic metastases, we evaluated 20 patients with known hepatic metastases. Conventional ultrasound (US) was performed before administration, and PIHI was performed 5 min after a bolus injection of 4 G of microbubble contrast agent (300 mg/mL of SH U 508A). Intense, homogeneous enhancement in the liver parenchyma was seen in all patients on delayed PIHI. In 10 patients (50%), 1 or more focal liver lesions that were not seen on unenhanced imaging were detected on delayed PIHI. When comparing 55 lesions that were seen on both techniques, delayed PIHI was superior to unenhanced imaging in terms of lesion conspicuity and lesion-to-liver contrast (p < 0.001, respectively). Delayed PIHI with SH U 508A can improve conspicuity of hepatic metastases and reveal focal liver lesions that are not detected on unenhanced imaging.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Hepatic tumors: contrast agent-enhancement patterns with pulse-inversion harmonic US.

PURPOSE: To evaluate contrast agent-enhancement patterns in hepatic hemangiomas, hepatic metastases, and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) at pulse-inversion harmonic ultrasonography (US) with a microbubble contrast agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty hepatic hemangiomas in 20 patients and 41 malignant hepatic tumors in 23 patients (33 metastases and eight HCCs) were evaluated with pulse-inversion harmonic US. US images were obtained before injection and every 10-15 seconds after injection of a 4-g bolus (300 mg/mL) of SH U 508A (a microbubble contrast agent) for 5 minutes. The contrast-enhancement patterns of 61 hepatic lesions were assessed. RESULTS: Of 20 hemangiomas, 19 revealed peripheral enhancement, which was globular in 14 (70%) and rimlike in five (25%), with centripetal fill-in; the remaining one (5%) showed homogeneous enhancement. In 33 metastases, the enhancement was rimlike in 16 (48%), homogeneous in seven (21%), and stippled in two (6%); in the remaining eight metastases (24%), no enhancement was seen. Of eight HCCs, four (50%) showed homogeneous enhancement and the remaining four (50%) showed heterogeneous enhancement. Centripetal fill-in of lesions with intratumoral enhancement was not seen in any malignancy. CONCLUSION: Pulse-inversion harmonic US with a microbubble contrast agent is potentially useful for the specific diagnosis of hemangiomas that demonstrate characteristic enhancement features.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Induction of apoptosis in human leukaemic cell lines K562, HL60 and U937 by diethylhexylphthalate isolated from Aloe vera Linne.

We investigated the effect of diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) from Aloe vera Linne on the apoptosis of human leukaemic cell lines K562, HL60 and U937 to examine its pharmacological activity. At a level of 10 microg mL(-1) DEHP a significant anti-leukaemic effect was observed for all three cell lines, as measured by clonogenic assay. After treatment with 10 microg mL(-1) DEHP for 4 h, agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometric analysis confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis. These results indicate that DEHP isolated from Aloe vera Linne has a potent antileukaemic effect, and thus represents a new type of pharmacological activity with respect to human leukaemic cells.

Aloe↗
PubMed1999

A mild variant of Desbuquois dysplasia.

UNLABELLED: On the basis of three newly observed cases (a pair of siblings and a sporadic case) and one previously reported case, we describe the clinical and radiological phenotype of a skeletal dysplasia resembling Desbuquois dysplasia. The skeletal alterations in the present disorder, including generalized osteopenia, mild modification of the vertebral endplates, epiphyseal flattening of the long bones, broad proximal femora with a spur-like projection of the lesser trochanters (a monkey wrench appearance of the proximal femora), and advanced carpal skeletal age, are almost identical to those of Desbuquois dysplasia. However, postnatal growth failure and minor spondylo-articular problems in the present disorder contrast with the conspicuous prenatal growth failure and severe spondylo-articular deformities of Desbuquois dysplasia. Short stature in the present disorder does not reach the degree of Desbuquois dysplasia. Molecular investigation of one patient excluded abnormalities of the diastrophic dysplasia sulphate transporter gene. CONCLUSION: The combination of skeletal alterations identical to those of Desbuquois dysplasia with milder short stature and spondylo-articular problems in the present patients suggests the nosological proposal of "a mild variant of Desbuquois dysplasia".

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1998

Changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor immunoreactivity in rat dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord, and gracile nuclei following cut or crush injuries.

In the present study, we evaluated changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) immunoreactivity in the rat lumbar (L) 5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and areas where afferents from the DRG terminate, the L5 spinal cord and gracile nuclei, following unilateral sciatic nerve transection or crush. From 3 days to 4 weeks following cut or crush injury, the percentage of medium and large BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral DRG increased significantly compared with those on the contralateral side. Following cut injury, there was no significant change in the percentage of small BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral DRG; however, the intensity of immunoreactivity of these cells decreased. Following crush injury, however, both the percentage and intensity of small BDNF-immunoreactive neurons in the ipsilateral DRG significantly increased. Following cut injury, the expression of BDNF-immunoreactive axonal fibers decreased markedly in the ipsilateral superficial laminae of the L5 spinal cord and increased significantly in the ipsilateral deeper laminae of the spinal cord and gracile nuclei. Crush injury induced a marked increase in the expression of BDNF-immunoreactive axonal fibers in the superficial laminae of the spinal cord and gracile nuclei. These differences in BDNF response in the DRG and spinal cord after cut or crush injuries may reflect differences in trophic support to the injured DRG neurons and altered neuronal activity in the spinal cord and gracile nuclei following different types of peripheral nerve injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Homocystinuria presenting with portal vein thrombosis and pancreatic pseudocyst: a case report.

Homocystinuria is a rare, inherited metabolic disease frequently associated with severe multisystemic involvement such as dislocated lenses, skeletal deformities, mental retardation, and premature vascular occlusion. Arterial and venous thromboembolic events present frequent and life-threatening complications in homocystinuric patients. It has been suggested that mild homocystinemia would be a risk factor for vascular disease.

Angiography↗
PubMed1997

Identification and characterization of rat 364-kDa Golgi-associated protein recognized by autoantibodies from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.

Autoantibodies from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis recognized an antigen localized in the Golgi complex of various cells tested. The autoantibodies were used as a probe for screening rat NRK cDNA library, resulting in identification of an 11 kbp cDNA. The cDNA contained an open reading frame which encodes a 3,187-residue protein with a calculated mass of 364 kDa. The predicted protein, GCP364 (for a Golgi complex-associated protein of 364 kDa), was found to have no NH2-terminal signal sequence but a single hydrophobic domain at the COOH terminus and characteristically contain many coiled-coil domains with various sizes throughout the entire sequence. The identity of GCP364 with the autoantigen was confirmed by immunofluorescence and immunoblot analysis with the autoantibodies and anti-recombinant GCP364 produced in rabbits and by transfection/expression experiments. Search for the protein sequence data base revealed that GCP364 has 75% identity in amino acid sequence with human GCP372/giantin, indicating that it is a rat homolog of the latter. Immunogold electron microscopy showed that GCP364 was not detected on coated vesicles derived from the Golgi membrane, suggesting no involvement in the formation of transport vesicles. When cells were perforated and incubated with anti-GCP364 serum, the Golgi complex localized at perinuclear regions was dispersed into fragment-like structures as observed in nocodazole-treated cells. Taken together, these results suggest that GCP364 is anchored to the membrane by the COOH-terminal hydrophobic domain and has an extremely long cytoplasmic domain with coiled-coil structures, which may be involved in the formation and/or maintenance of the characteristic Golgi structure.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Identification and characterization of a 230-kDa Golgi-associated protein recognized by autoantibodies from a patient with HBV hepatitis.

A serum from a patient with HBV hepatitis was found to contain autoantibodies reacting with various mammalian cells. Immunofluorescence staining of cultured cells with the autoantibodies revealed that the antigen was localized at perinuclear regions, where the Golgi markers alpha-mannosidase II and beta-COP were colocalized. The autoantigen disappeared from the perinuclear regions upon incubation with the fungal metabolite brefeldin A, and the immunostainable structures were fragmented into vesicles by treatment with nocodazole. These results strongly indicate that the antigen is localized at the Golgi complex. Immunoblots of cell lysates showed that the autoantibodies recognized a single protein with a molecular mass of 230 kDa in a variety of cell lines, indicating that the 230-kDa antigen is a conserved protein among mammalian species. We designated this protein GCP230 (Golgi complex-associated protein with a molecular mass of 230 kDa). when a postnuclear fraction was prepared and centrifuged, GCP230 was recovered in both cytosol and membrane fractions. Peripheral interaction of GCP230 with membranes was confirmed by phase separation in Triton X-114 solution and by extraction with sodium carbonate. Taken together, these results indicate that GCP230 is a peripheral membrane protein of the Golgi derived from the cytosol, although its function is not known at present.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1994

Anticentromere antibodies (ACA): clinical distribution and disease specificity.

Sera from 3528 patients with autoimmune disease, and non-autoimmune disease, and 500 normal individuals were studied for the presence of anticentromere antibodies (ACA) by indirect immunofluorescence on HEP-2 cells. Sixty-seven specimens were identified showing discrete speckled staining: 55 (82.1%), 11 (16.4%), and one (1.5%), were from patients with autoimmune disease, non-autoimmune disease and normal control subjects, respectively. These ACA were present frequently in CREST syndrome (55%), Raynaud's disease (29.6%) and primary biliary cirrhosis (30%). Only 16.4% of the antibody positive patients carried a clinical diagnosis of CREST, which means that ACA are not specific for CREST syndrome. High antibody titre persisted irrespective of whether or not the patients had active disease. The ACA were present infrequently in Sjögren's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, Graves' disease, immune haemolytic anaemia, and vitiligo. Sera from 107 patients with various other autoimmune diseases were negative for ACA.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1993

Mapping of the bone morphogenetic protein 1 gene (BMP1) to 8p21: removal of BMP1 from candidacy for the bone disorder in Langer-Giedion syndrome.

Fifteen cosmids containing sequences from the human bone morphogenetic protein 1 gene (BMP1) were isolated from a cosmid library. The probe was a 483-bp DNA obtained by the reverse transcriptase-PCR method using primers designed according to the reported BMP1 sequence. When the positive cosmids were tested for chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization, all showed signals at 8p21. The results indicated that BMP1 is not responsible for Langer-Giedion syndrome, whose putative gene has been assigned to 8q24.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Metastatic involvement of the stomach secondary to lung carcinoma.

Blood-borne metastatic involvement of the stomach by cancer is a rare entity. According to the number of reports in the literature, the most common tumors that spread to the stomach through the blood stream are malignant melanoma, breast carcinoma and lung carcinoma. Recently, two cases of metastatic involvement of the stomach secondary to lung carcinoma were diagnosed by gastroscopy. The first patient was a 66-year-old man who had primary lung carcinoma with multiple bone and subcutaneous metastases. Gastroscopy showed multiple submucosal tumors with central umbilications in the fundus and in the upper body of the stomach. Pathologic examination revealed massive submucosal infiltration and conical shaped and scanty deep mucosal infiltration of undifferentiated small cell carcinoma suggestive of metastatic involvement. The second patient was a 68-year-old man who had primary lung carcinoma with brain metastasis. Gastroscopy showed a large fungating mass in the greater curvature side of the stomach. Pathologic examination revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. We report the two cases of metastatic gastric cancer from lung carcinoma with the literature review.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Anti-Golgi antibody in rheumatoid arthritis patients recognizes a novel antigen of 79 kDa (doublet) by western blot.

We have detected cytoplasmic anti-Golgi antibody (AGA) during a routine immunofluorescence test for detecting autoantibodies. Two sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) reacted to the Golgi complex by an indirect immunofluorescence technique on HEp-2 cells. Localization of AGA in the Golgi complex was confirmed by double-staining with antibodies to beta-COP. The effect of monensin on the integrity and morphology of the Golgi complex was also studied. To confirm the presence of AGA further, we performed immuno-electron microscopy. Both sera reacted with cytoplasmic antigen located in the Golgi complex of various animal tissues. Furthermore, by using the Western blot technique, both sera reacted to a relative molecular weight (MW) of 79 kDa (doublet) Golgi antigen purified from rat liver. To our knowledge, this study may be the first to identify the relative MW of Golgi antigen by the Western blot method. Identification of this antibody could provide better understanding of protein synthesis and secretion. The presence of AGA in RA patients further substantiates the diversified nature of autoantibody production seen in this disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Degree of sulfation in mucopolysaccharide sulfates in normal and stone-forming urines.

Mucopolysaccharides were extracted from both normal and stone-forming urines, and those from the stone-forming samples showed a higher degree of sulfation than those from normal urines, as determined by sulfate analysis and electrophoretic measurement. The sulfated mucopolysaccharides from stone-forming urines formed insoluble calcium salts, whereas those from normal urines generally remained soluble in the presence of calcium ion. Rachitic rat cartilage was found to have more highly sulfated mucopolysaccharides than normal rat cartilage. Highly sulfated mucopolysaccharides appear to be a significant factor in calcium stone formations.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT gastrography.

The rapid dissemination of multidetector-row computed tomographic (CT) technology will make faster and more accurate gastric imagining available. Two-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction and CT gastrography including virtual gastroscopy and transparency rendering using volume rendering are types of interactive two- and three-dimensional medical imaging tools. It provides multiplanar cross-sectional imaging, gastroscopic viewing, and upper gastrointestinal series imaging in the same data acquisition. Two-dimensional multiplanar reconstruction provides accurate staging of gastric cancer and extraluminal information such as lymphadenopathy and distant metastasis. Virtual gastroscopy detects subtle mucosal changes and differentiates them from submucosal lesions in the same way as gastroscopy. Transparency rendering provides global orientation of the focal findings in the stomach in the same way as upper gastrointestinal series findings and provides useful information for preoperative mapping. Thus, CT gastrography is a promising method for evaluating gastric lesion despite its limitations.

Algorithms↗