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Biomedical subjects

H Ross

Publications and source records attributed to H Ross.

133 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoconjugate design: a predictive approach for coupling of daunomycin to monoclonal antibodies.

There is increasing interest in the development of daunomycin-antibody immunoconjugates for the targeting of drug to specific cells or tissues. To this end, we have examined the factors influencing the synthesis of daunomycin-monoclonal antibody conjugates linked covalently by an acid-labile cis-aconitic spacer (which is considered to aid drug release from immunoconjugates in the lysosomes and thus enhance their cytotoxic potential). A rapid and efficient procedure for the purification of drug from contaminants and stabilizers was first developed; conditions for the optimal preparation of cis-aconityldaunomycin were established; products were analyzed and identified by TLC and HPLC. The coupling of cis-aconityldaunomycin to antibody was accomplished by activating the modified drug with a carbodiimide before addition to antibody. Several factors were identified which influenced the efficiency of the conjugation; in particular, the compositional features of the antibody which determine its electrophoretic charge characteristics were of profound effect. However, by appropriate choice and control of buffer pH during conjugation, it was possible to define conditions resulting in the controlled substitution of antibody with drug. The consequent effects upon the cell-binding activity of immunoconjugates were established and related to the extent of substitution. The procedures described enable appropriate reaction conditions to be selected for the linkage of daunomycin to antibody (at set drug/antibody molar ratios) and in good yield, based upon consideration of the compositional and charge properties of the antibody.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of drilling and soft tissue grafting across open growth plates. A histologic study.

We examined the ability of a soft tissue graft to inhibit the formation of a bony bridge within tunnels drilled across open femoral and tibial growth plates in a canine model. A fascia lata autograft was placed in tunnels drilled across the distal femoral and proximal tibial physes in four skeletally immature dogs. Four additional dogs had a similar procedure performed, but the drill holes were left empty. The growth plates were evaluated at either 2 weeks or 4 months postoperatively using high-resolution radiography and routine histologic study. A bony bridge spanned the growth plate in all nongrafted animals as early as 2 weeks postoperatively. However, the fascia lata autograft prevented bone formation within the tunnels of all grafted animals, which maintained normal growth plate anatomy throughout the length of the study. The results of this study demonstrate that a soft tissue graft of fascia lata placed in drill holes across open growth plates will prevent the formation of a bony bridge. These findings provide basic science support to those clinical studies that report no apparent alteration in growth plate function after the use of intraarticular techniques to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament in children and adolescents.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Constipation: cause and control in an acute hospital setting.

Constipation is not a glamorous subject, but its prevention and management can make a vast difference to patients' quality of life. This literature review identifies causative factors and describes the mode of action, side-effects and contraindications of many remedies currently available. Recommendations include a systematic approach to management in an acute ward setting, based on assessment of risk, maintenance of normal bowel routine and appropriate dietary advice and the use of appropriate pharmaceutical interventions where necessary. To be effective, this process should be underpinned by accurate documentation and the maintenance of a high level of knowledge and awareness among staff.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The care of older people.

This ongoing study examines the use of a biographical approach to enhance patient-centred care of older people.

Aged↗