Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Ross

Publications and source records attributed to H Ross.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Fixation of fractures of the femoral neck using screws or hook-pins. Radionuclide study and short-term results].

In a prospective randomized investigation, AO screws (53 cases) and hook-pins (57 cases) were used for femoral neck fracture fixation in 110 cases. The results of the one-week postoperative scintimetry and a four-month radiographic follow-up were analysed. The femoral head vitality according to scintimetry was similar in the two groups, whether undisplaced or displaced fractures. Within four months from the operation, six cases with screw fixation had been subjected to total hip arthroplasty while only one with hook-pins, all because of fracture redisplacement. However, at the four-month control, another more fracture operated on with screws and five more operated on with hook-pins were scheduled for hip arthroplasty. Thus, no difference between the two methods regarding postoperative femoral head vitality or complications in short term follow-up, was noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The effect of an intraluminal tube used as an internal drain on the healing of the rat colon.

The effect of an intraluminal tube on the healing of an inadequately constructed colonic anastomosis was evaluated. An anastomosis using a single suture was constructed in 78 rats divided into four experimental groups. In one, a latex tube was sited intraluminally at the level of the anastomosis and removed transanally after six days. In the second, a soft tube consisting of rat duodenum preserved in 5 percent formalin was similarly sited and allowed to pass spontaneously. In the third group, the formalin tube was placed outside the colon surrounding the anastomosis. The fourth group was a control. The mortality of the latex intraluminal tube group was 48 percent, the intraluminal duodenum in formalin group 29 percent (significantly less than the control group, P less than .02), the extraluminal tube around the anastomosis group 100 percent, and the control group 75 percent (P less than .02). There was no significant difference among the experimental groups in the mean breaking strength of the colonic anastomosis in the 28-day survivors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The pressor response to exercise and stress in uncomplicated insulin-dependent diabetes.

We investigated whether or not an increased pressor response to exercise or stress is a feature of the diabetic state per se or a feature of its complications was investigated. Twelve insulin-dependent diabetic patients without clinical evidence of complications and with normal albumin excretion rates (less than 20 micrograms/min) were studied together with 12 matched control subjects. Each underwent a study protocol of isometric handgrip exercise at 30% of maximum capacity for four minutes, a cold pressor test with immersion of one hand in ice-cold water for two minutes, and bicycle ergometry at a resistance of 105 watts per minute for six minutes. The tests were undertaken in the same order in all subjects. There was, in both groups, a similar and significant rise in systolic blood pressure and pulse rate in response to each stimulus. Diastolic pressure also rose significantly in response to handgrip exercise and to cold pressor stimulation, but fell slightly during bicycle ergometry in both groups. Mean plasma noradrenaline concentration rose in response to each stimulus but the changes reached conventional significance in both groups only in response to handgrip exercise. Pressor responses to exercise and stress, as tested here, are concluded to be normal in insulin-dependent diabetic patients without complications due to their disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Colour constancy with change of viewing distance under water.

Colour constancy is commonly considered to be the product both of high-order (cognitive) and of lower-order (retinal) mechanisms. A study is reported of colour appearance in situations where the spectral radiance of an object changes significantly with viewing distance. Subjects were instructed to match the colour appearance of a number of coloured tiles in air and at various viewing distances in different types of water. Colour-constancy ratios were calculated by comparing the visual data with simultaneously obtained spectroradiometric and photometric data. The obtained constancy ratios were attributed to the role of distance estimation in the determination of colour appearance, an effect that is presumably masked under normal viewing conditions, where long viewpaths are necessary to produce significant radiance changes. A similarity to the size-distance invariance hypothesis is noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Postoperative wound infection with methicillin-resistant staphylococci in general surgical patients.

A prospective survey of 1757 general surgical patients undergoing operation was performed comparing 35 patients with wound infection yielding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with 184 patients developing wound infections due to other organisms. The following parameters were statistically significantly increased in the patients with MRSA wound infection; MRSA infection or colonization at other sites, 37% versus 2%, severe wound infection 31% versus 12%, wound drain tubes 23% versus 10%, multiple operations 37% versus 6%, malignant disease 43% versus 23%, postoperative complications 46% versus 16%, intensive care admissions 23% versus 5% and prophylactic antibiotics 51% versus 30%. There was no difference in postoperative mortality 11% versus 7%; mean age, 58 years versus 56 years; sex; diabetes, 11% versus 9%; or emergency operations 40% versus 39%. There were 18 patients with single organism MRSA wound infection who were compared with 35 patients with single organism methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) wound infection. The patients with MRSA wound infections had a statistically significant increase in the following parameters: mean preoperative stay in hospital 8 days versus 4 days; prophylactic antibiotics 39% versus 3%; MRSA infection or colonization at other sites 39% versus 6%; and malignant disease 44% versus 17%. There were no deaths in either group and there was no statistically significant difference in other parameters, namely, multiple operations 11% versus 3%; intensive care admissions 6% in each group; wound drain tube 17% versus 11%; severe infections 22% versus 6%; and postoperative complications 22% versus 9%. These latter parameters were statistically significantly increased when all MRSA wound infections were compared with all wound infections due to other organisms.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Mass discrimination during prolonged weightlessness.

Thresholds for mass discrimination under zero gravity in flight were found to be higher by a factor of about 1.8 than those for weight discrimination before flight. This suggests that humans are not as sensitive to inertial mass as they are to weight, and that adaptation can only partially compensate for loss of gravity. Weight discrimination thresholds were raised for 2 or 3 days after flight, suggesting an aftereffect of adaptation to weightlessness.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

[Chemotherapy of head and neck squamous cell cancer with vindesine (Eldesine) and cis-platinum (Platinex) (author's transl)].

25 patients with advanced head-neck-squamous cell carcinoma were treated with a combination of Vindesine and Cis-Platinum. 12 patients were treated before surgery and/or radiation therapy. 25% achieved complete remission. 13 patients were treated for tumour recurrency after prior surgery and/or radiation therapy. 15% achieved C.R. Vindesine/Cis-Platinum is an alternativ scheme to Bleomycin combinations; even after prior RT and CT tumorreduction is frequent. Prior chemotherapy with following surgery and/or radiation therapy is recommended for the treatment of advanced head and neck tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Preoperative chemotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with V-T-M schedule (author's transl)].

13 patients with far advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with a low dose combination chemotherapy of Vincristine, Bleomycin and Methrotrexate during 7--8 weeks prior to surgery or radio-therapy. V-B-M was given as an out- patient regimen. 9 patients were treated the first time ever, 4 patients suffered of tumor-recurrence. 5 patients i.e. 38% achieved complete remission of all measurable disease, a total of 9 patients i.e. 69% achieved a partial remission of more than 50%. Prior treatment or localisation of tumor did not influence the results. Competent application warranted, toxicity was mild. The significance of pre-operatively achieved complete remission is discussed. Short-term follow up does not yet permit any statement upon survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Palliative chemotherapy of inoperable squamous cell cancer of the head and neck with V-B-M-schedule (author's transl)].

12 patients with far advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, no longer apt to curative therapy, were submitted to palliative chemotherapy by V-B-M- schedule. Palliative therapy has great importance in this type of tumor, which due to its localisation causes terrible deformities and thus psychologically and sociologically forms a heavy burden. Nearly all patients became free of pain, exulcerations could be reduced, successfully general status could be improved. Due to an out patient regimen patients remained at home. Most of all this last circumstance helped to realize true palliative therapy; toxicity was mild.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1980

The results of surgery for carcinoma of the pancreas.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 104 consecutive patients with carcinoma of the pancreas treated between 1970 and 1974 inclusive. Fifty-three per cent underwent palliative bypass, 13% laparotomy only, 6% had a Whipple operation, 7% various miscellaneous operations, and 21% did not undergo operation. The operative mortality of palliative bypass and diagnostic laparotomy was 13% and 71% respectively. The mean survival of patients after biliary bypass was 6.7 months. Seven patients undergoing bypass had tumours of the pancreatic head, five centimetres or less in diameter, and apparently localized disease, and their means survival was 15.9 months. The mean survival of the four patients surviving radical surgery was 15.5 months. There were no cures. It was concluded that cholecystojejunostomy without enteroenterostomy was an appropriate biliary bypass operation and that diagnostic laparotomy should be avoided in patients without obstructive jaundice and with disseminated disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Gaseous oxygen perfusion of the renal vessels as an adjunct in kidney preservation.

Gaseous oxygen perfusion of the stored kidney provides life-supporting renal function in canine kidneys damaged by 30 min of warm ischaemia followed by cold storage for a total of 24 hr. Other simple methods of renal preservation, including simple flushing and cold storage and oxygenation of the flush solution and the fluid surrounding the kidney during storage, did not result in consistent life-supporting renal function under these experimental conditions. Low pressure venous oxygen perfusion of the kidney produced significantly better renal function than arterial oxygen perfusion as measured by post-transplant creatinine values. This preservation technique uses apparatus readily available in hospitals and once instituted does not require supervision. It may have clinical application in cadaveric renal transplantation, particularly if the donor kidney has been subjected to warm ischaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

A randomized controlled trial of a short course of cephaloridine in the prevention of infection after abdominal hysterectomy.

One hundred patients took part in a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of three 1 g doses of cephaloridine in preventing infection after abdominal hysterectomy. The first dose was given as an intravenous bolus at the commencement of surgery and the second and third as intramuscular injections 6 and 12 hours later. Given in this way, cephaloridine was found to be very effective in preventing febrile morbidity, abdominal wound infection and urinary tract infection. It was less effective in preventing pelvic wound infection and postoperative colonization of the vagina with Escherichia coli.

Cephaloridine↗