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Biomedical subjects

H Rohde

Publications and source records attributed to H Rohde.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[A randomized clinical study of stress ulcer prophylaxis with cimeytidine in severe multiple injuries].

In a surgical intensive care unit a controlled clinical trial for stress ulcer prophylaxis with cimetidine was performed in patients with severe polytrauma. Severe polytrauma was defined as affection of at least 3 body cavities (head, thorax, abdomen), 2 body cavities and 1 extremity fracture, 1 body cavity and 2 extremity fractures of 3 extremity fractures. An extremity fracture was defined as a fracture of a long bone i.e. humerus, femur. Initially the trial was planned as randomized double-blind using a fixed sample size. It was executed as a sequential single-blind study only and stopped for ethical reasons before the bounderies were reached and was analyzed according to the advice of an external referee using Fisher's exact test (p < 0.025). Cimetidine was highly effective in preventing stress ulceration in severe polytrauma patients, but mortality was the same in the cimetidine and in the placebo group.

Cimetidine↗
PubMed1980

[Quantitative investigations of the structure and function of the intestinal mucosa in endoscopically obtained biopsy material. Findings in patients with coeliac disease, patients with partially resected small intestine in Crohn's disease and in patients with small intestine resection for other reasons (author's transl)].

During an endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract, biopsy material of the small intestine was obtained and structure and function of the small intestinal mucosa was investigated. The data were then compared with published results, gained by normally performed blind biopsy techniques. For that the findings of three groups of patients (1. patients with coeliac disease [9], 2, patients with ileal resection due to ileitis terminalis Crohn [9], 3. patients with partially resection of the small intestine due to other reasons [4]) were compared with healthy controls (10). The results indicate that obtaining small intestinal biopsy material endoscopically enables a valid characterization of differentiated properties of the small bowel mucosa. The data of the patients with coeliac disease are in complete agreement with the criteria of this syndrome, published in the literature. On the other hand the results of the group with partial resection of the small intestine resection (without chronic inflammatory bowel disease) show all signs of adaptive mucosal hyperplasia of the remaining small intestine. However, patients with Crohn's disease did not show any adaptive response to small bowel resection.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1979

Laminin--a glycoprotein from basement membranes.

We have isolated a large noncollagenous glycoprotein, laminin, from a mouse tumor that produces basement membrane. The protein consists of at least two polypeptide chains (Mr = 220,000 and Mr = 440,000) joined to each other by disulfide bonds. Laminin and type IV collagen are major constituents of the tumor. Laminin is distinctly different from fibronectin, another component of basement membranes, in amino acid composition and immunological reactivity. Pepsin digestion of laminin releases a large, cystine-rich fragment which retains most of the antigenicity of the original protein. Immunological studies using purified antibody against laminin show that it is produced by a variety of cultured cells. In addition, these antibodies react with the basement membranes of normal tissues, suggesting that this protein or an immunologically related protein is a constituent of the basement membranes of these tissues.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1979

Amino acid sequence of the N-terminal non-collagenous segment of dermatosparactic sheep procollagen type I.

The non-collagenous N-terminal segment of type I procollagen from dermatosparactic sheep skin was isolated in the form of the peptide Col 1 from a collagenase digest of the protein. The peptide has a blocked N-terminus, which was identified as pyrrolid-2-one-5-carboxylic acid. Appropriate overlapping fragments were prepared from reduced and alkylated peptide Col 1 by cleavage with trypsin at lysine, arginine and S-aminoethyl-cysteine residues and by cleavage with staphylococcal proteinase at glutamate residues. Amino acid sequence analysis of these fragments by Edman degradation and mass spectrometry established the whole sequence of peptide Col 1 except for a peptide junction (7--8) and a single Asx residue (44), and demonstrated that peptide Col 1 consists of 98 amino acid residues. The N-terminal portion of peptide Col 1 (86 residues) shows an irregular distribution of glycine, whereas the C-terminal portion (12 residues) possesses the triplet structure Gly-Xy and is apparently derived from the precursor-specific collagenous domain of procollagen. The central region of the peptide contains ten cysteine residues located between positions 18 and 73 and shows alternating polar and hydrophobic sequence elements. The regions adjacent to the cysteine-rich portion have a hydrophilic nature and are abundant in glutamic acid. The data are consistent with previous physicochemical and immunological evidence that distinct regions at the N- and C-termini of the non-collagenous domain possess a less rigid conformation than does the central portion of the molecule.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1979

Structure of antigenic determinants in the N-terminal region of dermatosparactic sheep procollagen type I.

About half of the rabbit antisera raised against type-I procollagen, p alpha 1(I) chain or nonreduced procollagen peptides reacted in a radioimmunoassay with the reduced form of peptide Col 1, which comprises the whole non-collagenous region at the N-terminus of procollagen. Proteolytic fragments prepared from reduced peptide Col 1 were still effective inhibitors of the antibodies and allowed the localization of two antigenic determinants. The antigenically active regions have the sequences less than Glu-Glu-Glu-Gly-Gln-Gln-Glu and Gly-Asp-Thr-Gly-Pro-Arg, and are located at the N- and C-termini of the peptide respectively. Antibodies raised against reduced peptide Col 1 bind to a determinant localized in a different region of the peptide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1979

[Prospective controlled clinical trials in surgery. controversial issues in motivation and performance (author's transl)].

Controversial aspects in prospective controlled trials in surgery can be detected at various stages in the course of this research work, such as in motivation, planning and performance as well as in assessment and evaluation of the results. Especially the introduction of control groups, randomization and "blindness" of patients, operators and doctors running the follow-up are subjects of a controversial discussion. Subthreshold arguments for defenders and eniers of the trial are taken from different theories of science, such as empirism and rationalism which are more effective in the daily routine work than expected. Provided that convincingly only therapeutic and diagnostic procedures are compared which were considered as equi-effective and reliable to the same extent according to the best and most complete knowledge available it is ethically justified to perform controlled randomized trials. It should, however, not be expected that they (always) produce differences between treatment of high degree of difference. The aim of the controlled trials is not the introduction of sensational novelties into medicine, but the abolition and prevention of unnecessary and unworthy modes.

Ethics, Medical↗
PubMed1979

[Symptoms and therapy of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle in elder patients (author's transl)].

The author reports on symptoms, therapy and results of a follow-up of 17 patients with the rare disease of osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle. The therapy depends on the extend of the necrosis, the axis of the leg and the results of scintigraphy or scintimetry and arthrography or arthroscopy. Small necroses can be treated conservatively, but in case of a genu varum a valgus-osteotomie should be performed. Bigger necroses are bored or bolted combined with a valgus-osteotomie, if necessary. Extensive osteonecroses can only be treated by partial endoprosthesis or autologue bone-cartilage-transplantation.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Radioimmunoassay for type III procollagen peptide and its application to human liver disease.

A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay was developed for the precursor-specific peptide segment located at the amino end of bovine type III procollagen. Human material showed high cross-reactivity in this assay. Two forms of human procollagen peptides were detected in body fluids. The larger peptide (45K) was found in serum and ascites, and resembled the whole precursor-specific segment which is presumably released from human type III procollagen by a single enzymatic cleavage. The smaller peptide (10K) was found mainly in urine indicating that further degradation of circulating procollagen peptides is required prior to their passage through the kidney. Compared to peptide concentrations in normal human serum two to twenty-fold increases were observed in all patients with alcoholic liver disease, in fifteen of seventeen patients with acute hepatitis, and in ten of fourteen patients with chronic active hepatitis. Much higher levels were detected in ascites fluid. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases showed far smaller elevations of the serum peptide. In alcoholic liver disease peptide levels correlated well with inflammation and necrosis observed in liver biopsies, but not with other laboratory parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Immunochemical characterization of the basement membrane glycoprotein laminin.

Laminin was recently characterized as being a major non-collageneous protein of the basement membrane matrix produced by a mouse tumor. It was extracted from the tumor matrix with neutral buffer and purified under non-denaturing conditions. Rabbit and guinea pig antisera raised against laminin or a large pepsin fragment P1 of laminin showed strong binding to both laminin and peptide P1 but only a weak reaction with reduced and alkylated laminin. The major antigenic determinants of laminin were located in a disulfide knot, comprising one third of the molecule, which resisted degradation by pepsin or cyanogen bromide. Minor antigenic determinants shared by the native and reduced protein could also be identified. The data were interpreted as showing that laminin consists of conformationally rigid as well as more flexible domains. Absorption studies with mouse kidney homogenate indicated that authenic basement membranes contain a protein immunologically identical to laminin. Tissues from other species contain a related protein which exhibits partial cross-reaction with mouse laminin. Together with immunofluorescence data the findings demonstrate that laminin, like type IV collagen, occurs in most basement membranes of the body.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Localization of antigenic activity and immunogenic capacity in different conformational domains of procollagen peptide.

The antibody response to the amino-terminal CNBr peptide of sheep procollagen which consists of a globular and a collagenous segment, was studied in inbred strains of mice. The determinants reacting with antibody could be localized in the globular domain and were lost by reduction of disulfide bridges. The ability to induce an antibody response required the collagen-like sequences and was independent of the triple-helical conformation of this segment. The data were interpreted as indicating a different conformation dependence of hapten and carrier determinants.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Histamine and peptic ulcer disease: histamine methyltransferase activity in gastric mucosa of control subjects and duodenal ulcer patients before and after surgical treatment.

Histamine methyltransferase (HMT) activity was determined by a modified isotope assay in biopsy specimens from gastric mucosa of control subjects, duodenal ulcer patients and after various gastric operations. Enzymic activity of male control subjects who were 'healthy' with respect to their upper gastrointestinal tract was 70.4 +/- 12.8 pmol/(min x mg protein). In male duodenal ulcer patients HMT-activity was significantly lowered by 15%; following selective vagotomy with pyloroplasty a significant increase of 14% was observed as compared to controls. The difference between values before (59.9 +/- 13.3) and after (80.4 +/- 11.7) this operation was highly significant (p less than 0.001). Experiments in a small number of patients showed that after other modifications of vagotomy elevated HMT-activities were also found, whereas after resection procedures such changes of enzymic activity did not occur. According to these results the low gastric HMT-activity of duodenal ulcer patients could play a role in the pathogenesis of a chronic peptic ulcer by being responsible for reduced histamine inactivation and - as a consequence - enhanced acid secretion. Furthermore, vagotomy seemed to influence acid secretion in human subjects not only by direct effects on the parietal cells, but also by an activation of histamine catabolism. One patient, who despite complete vagotomy showed both no reduction in acid secretion and a low gastric HMT-activity, may be the representative of a new population of peptic ulcer patients.

Duodenal Ulcer↗