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Biomedical subjects

H Rocha

Publications and source records attributed to H Rocha.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1970

Urinary concentrating ability in early experimental pyelonephritis.

The effect of early bilateral pyelonephritis on urinary concentrating ability was studied in rats injected intravenously with enterococci or Staphylococcus aureus and in rats inoculated with Escherichia coli into the medullae of both kidneys. The mean maximum urinary osmolality of normal rats was 2352 mOsm/kg of water. Inoculation of E. coli caused reversible pyelonephritis with sterilization of the kidneys within 12 wk. By 1 day after injection the mean maximum urinary osmolality had decreased to about 1100 mOsm. remained at this level for 3 wk, and then rose to normal by 12 wk. After injection of enterococci and staphylococci, the mean maximum urine osmolality decreased over 3-4 days to about 1000 and 800 mOsm respectively. In the enterococcal infection (which is chronic) the maximum urine osmolality remained about 1200 mOsm for at least 12 wk whereas in the staphylococcal infection (which is reversible) the osmolality gradually rose. Antimicrobial therapy of E. coli renal infection with colistimethate sodium and S. aureus infection with ampicillin rapidly reduced bacterial titers in the kidneys with an associated rise in maximum urinary osmolality. Therapy of enterococcal renal infection with ampicillin produced less impressive decreases in bacterial titers in the kidneys and little or no improvement in urinary concentrating ability. With antimicrobial therapy or with the self-limited infections, the rate of increase in concentrating ability was directly correlated with the rate of decrease of bacterial titers. However, there was poor correlation between histological findings in the kidneys and urinary concentrating ability. These studies demonstrate that early experimental pyelonephritis is associated with a concentrating defect that can be rapidly reversed and therefore is not related to permanent renal damage.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1969

Site of action of nitrofurantoin in experimental urinary tract infection.

The effectiveness of nitrofurantoin in suppressing bacterial growth in the urinary tract was evaluated by using two different experimental models. Pyelonephritis was produced in rats by direct inoculation of 10(4)Escherichia coli in the medulla of left kidney. Ascending urinary tract infection was induced by inoculation into the urinary bladder of 10(7)Proteus mirabilis, after a partial cystectomy. Nitrofurantoin was shown to be effective in suppressing bladder bacteriuria, in preventing ascending pyelonephritis, and also in preventing bacterial multiplication in kidney tissue following direct inoculation.

Animals↗
PubMed1966

Effect of bile on the action of blood against Salmonella.

Kaye, Donald (New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, N.Y.), Michelle Palmieri, and Heonir Rocha. Effect of bile on the action of blood against Salmonella. J. Bacteriol. 91:945-952. 1966.-Bile is superior to Trypticase Soy Broth (BBL) as a medium for isolation of Salmonella from blood. In addition to inhibitory activity against many of the common bacterial contaminants, bile has the additional advantages of a greater frequency of isolation of Salmonella and more rapid isolation. This study investigated the factors responsible for the superiority of bile. A 20% dilution of normal human blood in Trypticase Soy Broth was usually inhibitory or bactericidal against strains of Salmonella. Similarly, a 20% dilution in Trypticase Soy Broth of serum from patients with Salmonella bacteremia was frequently inhibitory or bactericidal for the salmonellae isolated from their blood. Bile inactivated the bactericidal activity of blood or serum by inactivating complement activity. Bile (13%) in Trypticase Soy Broth inactivated complement activity in 33% blood or serum. Although bile has anticoagulant and hemolytic effects, no evidence was found that these activities contribute to the superiority of bile over Trypticase Soy Broth as a culture medium for Salmonella. No evidence was found for a growth-promoting factor in bile for Salmonella. Bile was much more effective than 0.5 or 2.0% sodium taurocholate broth in inactivating the bactericidal activity of blood.

Antibodies↗