Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Rifkin

Publications and source records attributed to H Rifkin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Current status of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type II): management with gliclazide.

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a prevalence of 3-7% in most Western countries. Decreased insulin secretion and diminished tissue insulin sensitivity are both implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease; both may be exacerbated by persistent hyperglycemia and improved by normalization of blood sugar levels. Measures to control hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are important in the management of NIDDM and prevention of its long-term complications. The effects of dietary modification, exercise, and antihypertensive and antiplatelet therapy, as well as of pharmacologic control of blood sugar, on the vascular and renal complications of NIDDM have been investigated. Gliclazide is a second-generation sulfonylurea drug whose efficacy in the treatment of NIDDM, alone or in combination with insulin, has been widely demonstrated. Studies of the use of gliclazide, reported at recent symposia, are summarized in this review.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1984

Calcification in an insulinoma of the pancreas.

Calcifications in islet cell tumors of the pancreas are rarely seen radiologically. We are reporting a case of an insulinoma with "sunburst" type calcification that has been previously described as specific for cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1982

Recognition and complications of diabetes in the older patient.

An international classification of diabetes and other disorders of glucose intolerance is presented. The disorder is subdivided into insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and various forms of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Diagnostic criteria are discussed in detail, as are guidelines in management, including emotional support, nutritional requirements, and patient education. The elderly are particularly affected by the complications of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, generalized large vessel disease, and foot problems. Drug-related complications are also common in this group. Specific agents that may interact to potentiate hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia or induce adverse reactions are outlined.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Large retroperitoneal cysts in children and adolescents.

Retroperitoneal cysts may be divided into those of urogenital origin: pronephric, mesonephric, metanephric and müllerian; mesocolic; teratoma; lymphatic; parasitic, and traumatic blood cysts. Müllerian cysts are thought to originate from the specialized mesothelial cells of the genital ridge and present as fimbrial cysts or broad ligament wolffian cysts. Symptoms may be absent, or the result of pressure or displacement of an organ. Diagnosis is made by x-ray studies, sonographic evaluation and, frequently, at operation. We report a case of a 14-pound cyst arising from the right broad ligament and partially obstructing the right ureter that was removed surgically.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Progress in limb salvage by reconstructive arterial surgery combined with new or improved adjunctive procedures.

In the past nine years, 1196 patients whose lower extremity was threatened because of infrainguinal arteriosclerosis have been treated at Montefiore Hospital. In the last six years, limb salvage was attempted in 679 or 90% of 755 patients. Femoropopliteal (318), small vessel (204) and axillopopliteal (29) bypasses were used along with transluminal angioplasty (128) and aggressive local operations to obtain a healed foot. Immediate (one month) limb salvage was achieved in 583 or 86% of the 679 patients in whom revascularization was possible. The 30-day mortality rate was 3%. The cumulative life table (LT) survival rate of all the patients undergoing reconstructive arterial operations was 48% at five years. The cumulative LT limb salvage rate after all reconstructive arterial operations was 66% at five years. The cumulative LT patency rate of femoropopliteal bypasses was not influenced by angiographic outflow characteristics of the popliteal artery but was increased 15% by appropriate reoperations to 67% at five years. Cumulative LT patency and limb salvage rates of small vessel and axillopopliteal bypasses were more than 50% at two years. Of patients undergoing arterial reconstruction, 88% of those who died within five years did so without losing their limbs. Of all the patients in whom limb salvage was attempted, 68% lived more than one year with a viable, useable extremity, and 54% lived over two years with an intact limb. We believe this aggressive approach to limb salvage is justified, and can be undertaken with a low cost in mortality, knee loss and morbidity.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Why control diabetes?

The concept that appropriate therapy for diabetes should achieve levels of fasting and postprandial blood, serum, or plasma glucose values as close to those of the nondiabetic as possible may be philosophically correct, but in practice is most difficult to obtain.

Animals↗