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Biomedical subjects

H Riess

Publications and source records attributed to H Riess.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Coagulation changes and the influence of the early perfusate in the course of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) when aprotinin is used intra-operatively.

The changes in relevant haemostatic parameters during the course of ten orthotopic liver transplantation were studied when aprotinin was given intra-operatively. Increases of tissue-type (P = 0.008) and urokinase-type (P = 0.009) plasminogen activators during the anhepatic phase could be correlated with hyperfibrinolysis. Thrombin-antithrombin III complexes (TAT) increased after revascularization of the liver graft (P = 0.003). Parallel studies in the perfusate showed that TAT concentrations were 350% and protease inhibitor activities (antithrombin III, protein C) only 52% of the systemic circulation before reperfusion, suggesting that thrombin activation together with protease inhibitor consumption occurs during graft liver reperfusion. The relatively smaller increases in profibrinolytic parameters and a lower blood loss when compared with other groups may be explained by aprotinin administration in our patients.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1991

In vitro inhibition of platelet aggregation by the liver with UW solution as the preservation fluid.

The influence of UW preservation fluid in comparison with that of Euro-Collins and Bretschneider solutions on collagen, adenosine diphosphate and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation was investigated in vitro using platelet-rich plasma of 4 healthy volunteers. The concentrations of the solutions tested were comparable to those that may be used in the transplant situation. 2UW solution inhibited ADP and collagen-induced platelet aggregation--an effect that could be attributed mainly to adenosine and secondarily to penicillin in UW solution--whereas ristocetin-induced aggregation was not affected. Euro-Collins and Bretschneider solutions did not alter platelet aggregation. The inhibition of platelet aggregation by UW may, on the one hand, contribute to bleeding complications after reperfusion and, on the other hand, be responsible for the observed lower incidence of hepatic artery thrombosis.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1991

Possible role of extracellularly released phagocyte proteinases in coagulation disorder during liver transplantation.

Orthotopic liver transplantation is frequently associated with a complex coagulation disorder, influencing the outcome of the procedure. In this respect, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) had been suggested to be of causative importance for bleeding complications after reperfusion of the liver graft. In 10 consecutive patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantations, we studied the occurrence of two phagocyte proteinases of different origin in the graft liver perfusate and in systemic blood during the operation, as well as their effects on hemostasis. As compared with plasma samples taken at the end of the anhepatic phase, highly significant increases of cathepsin B and thrombin-anti-thrombin III complexes (TAT), as well as highly significant decreases in antithrombin III, protein C, and C1-inhibitor were observed in graft liver perfusate. Von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen were slightly decreased, whereas the elastase-alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor complexes (EPI) were elevated. In plasma the activity of cathepsin B remained unchanged during the prereperfusion phases, but immediately after revascularization of the graft this cysteine proteinase increased. The EPI showed a gradual increase in plasma during the preanhepatic and anhepatic phases but a more pronounced increase in the reperfusion phase. In parallel with the rise in these two proteinases TAT increased and the activities of antithrombin III and C1-inhibitor in plasma decreased after reperfusion. At 12 hr after revascularization plasma levels of TAT, antithrombin III, and C1-inhibitor had returned to the prereperfusion ranges, whereas cathepsin B and EPI were significantly above the baseline levels. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that extracellularly released lysosomal proteinases may play a role in the development of a DIC-like constellation, including thrombin formation after revascularization of the liver graft. For the first time we could prove the occurrence of phagocyte proteinases in graft liver perfusate and evaluate the importance of these proteinases for the understanding of the pathophysiology leading to bleeding complications in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of molsidomine infusion on thrombocyte function in acute myocardial infarct].

In 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction i.v. molsidomine was given over 48 h and a number of platelet functions was evaluated before and 3, 24, and 48 h after therapy. There was a significant prolongation of template bleeding time from 290 s to 400 s. The amplitude of spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation remained unchanged. In four of the 10 patients initially high plasma concentrations of beta-TG and PF4, and high serum concentrations of TxB2, decreased, indicating an effect of molsidomine in states of hyperreactive platelets.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Non-tropical sprue and chronic inflammatory rectal stenosis in a patient with abuse of ergotamine-containing suppositories].

A 51 year old Yugoslavian patient was admitted to our hospital in reduced general condition with distinct hypocalcemia, osteomalacia, and with rectum stenosis. Our investigations led to the diagnosis of a malabsorption syndrome due to non-tropical sprue. The most likely cause of the rectum stenosis is an abuse of ergotamine-containing suppositories for several years. A gluten-free diet and the interruption of the use of the suppositories improved her general condition remarkably.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1991

[Determinant factors and disturbances in controlling power distribution patterns by the hyperthermia-ring system BSD-2000. 2. Measuring techniques and analysis].

Clinical observables and phantom measurements (part 1) have suggested that the control of power deposition patterns can still be improved for the hyperthermia system BSD-2000. This is addressed to system-specific phase errors as well as inadequacies of phase selection (target point method), which might be corrected by modifications of the manufacturer. Furthermore, frequency-dependent physical effects (coupling, mode excitation) are existing, which might cause distortions and asymmetries of current distribution on antennas and consequently deteriorate the power deposition pattern (e.g. focussing capability). The application of a network analyzer system is described in order to determine electrical material constants, phase errors, coupling coefficients, reflection coefficients and current distributions on antennas. The analysis of the measurement datas suggests that ring-applicator has a variable frequency-optimum (supposed around 80 ... 95 MHz) characterized by minimal coupling and asymmetries.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Improvement of pneumonia and arthritis in Felty's syndrome by treatment with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).

A 63-year old man with Felty's syndrome and pneumonia of unknown origin was treated with GM-CSF. Granulocyte counts increased and arthritis-related symptoms improved under GM-CSF. Pneumonia was treated effectively with antibiotics only during or after GM-CSF application. This suggests, that antibiotic-resistant infections can be treated effectively in patients with Felty's syndrome when granulocyte counts are raised by GM-CSF.

Felty Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Bodily movement of teeth in atrophic jaw segments].

This experimental animal study was conducted to evaluate the extent of bone restructuring after bodily movement of teeth into an area of atrophied alveolar bone. The measured values as well as the radiographic and histologic data indicate that partial or total bone restructuring occurs depending on the rate of tooth movement. In our experiment we observed marked bone formation at an average tooth movement rate of 15 microns/day, whereas no noteworthy bone formation occurred at higher rates of tooth movement (26-40 microns/day). Basically, an improvement in attachment is possible with bodily movement in atrophic alveolar bone. However, it is important to remember the delayed periosteal reaction when planning the mechanics to be applied.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1990

[The influencing factors and interfering effects in the control of the power distributions with the BSD-20000 hyperthermia ring system. 1. The clinical observables and phantom measurements].

A new generation of annular-phased-array systems BSD-2000 has been clinically applied in a pilot study. Therapeutic intratumoral temperatures greater than 42 degrees C were obtained in 15/15 sessions with six patients. However, the control of power deposition pattern has to be improved in order to increase the therapeutic gain and to guarantee an efficient therapy. A retrospective analysis of clinical phenomena has been performed by phantom set-ups because the power deposition pattern cannot be determined during therapy. Phantom measurement techniques are outlined, specifically phantom materials and visualization of power distributions. The problem of focus balance and frequency choice is illustrated by self-developed phantoms (liquid crystal sheets, light-emitting-diode-arrays). Especially, the limitation of modeling calculations is demonstrated.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Modification of blood coagulation by the anti-arrhythmia drug prajmalium bitartrate in vivo].

We studied the effects of prajmaliumbitartrate (PBT, Neo-Gilurytmal, Giulini Pharma, Hannover, FRG), an antiarrhythmic drug on some parameters of blood coagulation in patients. PBT, 20 mg given three times a day, significantly prolonged template bleeding time and ex vivo thrombus formation time in a modified Chandler's loop. Ex vivo platelet aggregation using different agonists and tests of the plasmatic coagulation system remained unchanged.

Ajmaline↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of the antiarrhythmic, prajmalium bitartrate, on human thrombocyte function].

Studies of the in vitro effects of the antiarrhythmic drug prajmalium bitartrate (PBT, Neo-Gilurytmal) showed inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation and thromboxane production. PBT inhibited the primary and secondary phases of aggregation induced by adrenaline (epinephrine) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Platelet aggregation stimulated with collagen, platelet activating factor (PAF), and the thromboxane mimetic 9,11-azo-prostaglandin H2 (U 44064) was inhibited. The secondary phase of aggregation induced by ristocetin and aggregation caused by arachidonic acid (AA) were inhibited in samples from some donors (responders) but not in others (nonresponders). Platelet aggregation by the ionophore calcimycine (A 23187) was not inhibited, but small doses of calcimycine abolished the PBT-induced inhibition of aggregation caused by ADP. Thromboxane production of platelets with collagen of ADP was inhibited by higher concentrations of PBT, whereas AA-induced thromboxane synthesis remained unchanged. The observed antiplatelet activities of PBT are thought to result from calcium and sodium channel blocking properties of the drug.

Ajmaline↗