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Biomedical subjects

H Poulsen

Publications and source records attributed to H Poulsen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Experiences of a geriatric team attached to a hospital].

The Geriatric Team in Glostrup Hospital was established on 1. Oct. 1990. The object of the team is to carry out relevant and rapid geriatric assessment by means of a multidisciplinary structure where hospitalized persons and persons living at home are concerned. During the first six months, 247 patients were referred to the team (83% from other hospital departments and 17% from general practitioners). Subsequently, 116 patients (47%) were referred to the subacute geriatric section and 28 (12%) to the other geriatric departments of the hospital. Out of the 41 patients who were assessed in their homes after referral by the general practitioner, treatment could be concluded in 22 (54%) without hospitalization. The close association with the other geriatric functions and the other departments of the hospital has proved decisive for the function of the team. The extroverted and rapid treatment has implied that the geriatric department has become much more significant in the hospital. As compared with the situation previously, many more geriatric problems could be relieved in the other departments. Parallel with consolidation of the internal function in the hospital, the aim of the team is further strengthening of cooperation with the partners in the primary community with the object of treatment the majority of elderly persons in their own homes.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[The subacute function in a geriatric department].

The Subacute Geriatric Department in Glostrup Hospital was established on 1 Oct. 1990 as the first in Denmark. Elderly patients with composite disease and who may be anticipated to be discharged after geriatric treatment for one to two weeks, are admitted after referral from the geriatric team. A total of 116 patients were admitted to the eight beds in the department during the period 1 Oct. 1990-31 Mar. 1991. The average period of hospitalization was 9.1 days. The majority of patients were referred from the two medical departments. 20% were admitted directly from the casualty or admission department while 10% were referred by their general practitioners. In this department, diagnostic activity corresponding to that offered in medical departments could be performed. Simultaneously, all of the patients were assessed by a physiotherapist on the day of admission. Ninety-seven patients (84%) were discharged to their homes. On follow-up investigation after three months, 72% were still in their own homes. By means of multi-disciplinary cooperation in the department, it has proved possible to combine intensive investigation and treatment with early geriatric rehabilitation. Discharge is planned already on the day of admission. The majority of the patients were referred from other medical departments of the hospital. This supports the theory that the Subacute Geriatric Department covers a hitherto unfulfilled requirement for early geriatric treatment among many elderly patients in medical departments.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Comparative study of microsatellite and cytogenetic markers for detecting the origin of the nondisjoined chromosome 21 in Down syndrome.

Nondisjunction in trisomy 21 has traditionally been studied by cytogenetic heteromorphisms. Those studies assumed no crossing-over on the short arm of chromosome 21. Recently, increased accuracy of detection of the origin of nondisjunction has been demonstrated by DNA polymorphism analysis. We describe a comparative study of cytogenetic heteromorphisms and seven PCR-based DNA polymorphisms for detecting the origin of the additional chromosome 21 in 68 cases of Down syndrome. The polymorphisms studied were the highly informative microsatellites at loci D21S215, D21S120, D21S192, IFNAR, D21S156, HMG14, and D21S171. The meiotic stage of nondisjunction was assigned on the basis of the pericentromeric markers D21S215, D21S120, and D21S192. Only unequivocal cytogenetic results were compared with the results of the DNA analysis. The parental and meiotic division origin could be determined in 51% of the cases by using the cytogenetic markers and in 88% of the cases by using the DNA markers. Although there were no discrepancies between the two scoring systems regarding parental origin, there were eight discrepancies regarding meiotic stage of nondisjunction. Our results raise the possibility of recombination between the two marker systems, particularly on the short arm.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Lesions of the male urethra].

In cases where there is clinical suspicion of urethral lesion, blind urethral catheterization should never be performed. Establishment of a suprapubic catheter is a safe and adequate primary treatment. Retrograde urethrography may be undertaken in the subsequent diagnostic process and, in cases of simple contusions without interruption of continuity, urethral catheterization is performed. In addition, intravenous urography should be undertaken to reveal possible simultaneous lesions of the upper urinary tract. Anterior lesions rarely require further treatment whereas posterior lesions with interruption of continuity should be treated in specialized departments with special expertise in this type of lesion. Partial ruptures frequently heal without stricture formation requiring treatment. In cases of complete rupture, the best results, as regards development of late sequelae, are obtained by delayed reconstruction carried out three to four months after the trauma in the form of a two-stage operation employing a perineal skin-flap and secondary reanastomosis. In all types of urethral lesion, control miction-cystourethrography is recommended one year after the final treatment on account of the risk of stricture formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Malignant melanoma. Changing trends in factors influencing metastasis-free survival from 1964 to 1982.

Seven hundred fourteen patients with cutaneous melanoma in clinical Stage I treated between 1964 and 1982 were included in this study. In an analysis of metastasis-free survival, thickness of the tumor, ulceration, gender, epithelioid cells as predominant cells in the tumor, and localization of the tumor were found to be independent prognostic factors. In a time trends analysis, the distributions of three of the prognostic factors (thickness of the tumor, ulceration, and inflammatory cell infiltrate) were found to shift during the last decade in the direction of improved prognosis, indicating that tumors are detected earlier than before. The distributions of two other factors (cell type and location of the tumors) shifted in the direction of deteriorated prognosis, suggesting partly that the biologic nature of the disease may have changed and partly that other behavioral factors may have played a role.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Incidence, survival, and mortality in Down syndrome in Denmark.

The incidence of Down syndrome (DS) has been studied intensively for the two periods 1960-1972 and 1980-1985. The age distribution of birth-giving mothers has changed to older age at child birth from the first to the second period. Non-disjunction studies were carried out in 328 families. Most cases were first maternal meiotic division failures (43%). Nearly 12% were paternal meiotic failures, half of them in first meiosis and half in second. Both newborn infants and fetuses were studied. There was an excess of males, especially among newborn DS children, which was related to a failure at paternal first meiosis. A positive sex ratio was found in all newborn infants as well as in free trisomics as in those with de novo translocations. Survival was studied in the cohort of 278 infants born 1980 to 1985. The highest death-rate occurred between 22 days to 1 year (10.4%), 30 times more than the death probability in the Danish population. There was a significant difference between DS cases with congenital heart defect and those without. The probability of infants without heart disease of reaching the first year was 93.1% and the age of 6 years 88.0%. The probability of survival of children with congenital heart defect was 71.7% and 45.2%, respectively, reflecting also the increasing number of infants born prematurely with low birth weight or small-for-date infants. The predominant heart problems were atrio-ventricular canal defects. Infections and malformations added to the high mortality rate. Three cases of leukemia were significantly more than expected.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Cesarean section under epidural anesthesia. A questionnaire study].

Seventy-four women selected at random who had been subjected to Caesarean section replied to questions about their satisfaction with epidural anaesthesia at various stages during the intervention. General discomfort increased during the intervention and pain contributed most to this. 96% of the women would recommend the method to others.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Fatal familial cholestatic syndrome in Greenland Eskimo children. A histomorphological analysis of 16 cases.

We report the first detailed study of hepatic morphology in 28 biopsies from 16 Greenland Eskimo children with fatal familial cholestatic syndrome. The changes were categorized as early, intermediate and late. In the early stage, until 5 months of age, changes were restricted to zone 3, consisting of cholestasis and rosette formation without fibrosis. In the intermediate stage, from 5 to 14 months, cholestasis persisted and rosette formation increased, both with further extension into zone 2. Perisinusoidal fibrosis developed, first in zone 3 and later in zone 1. The late stage, from 17 to 60 months, showed a further increase in cholestasis and rosette formation, and fibrosis of zones 3 and 1 in nearly all biopsies. Portal to portal and portal to central fibrosis was evident with resulting cirrhosis in 2 of 7 patients. The morphological features can be summarized as pure cholestasis with prominent rosette formation followed by zone 3 fibrosis, zone 1 fibrosis, and, cirrhosis. Other characteristics are the virtual absence of inflammation and the lack of anatomical abnormalities such as paucity of bile ducts. The changes and their progression resemble those of Byler disease. Clinical and biochemical features are also largely similar, except for the presence of thrombocytosis in many of the Eskimo patients.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

The influence of resection margin on prognosis in clinical stage I malignant melanoma of the lower leg.

The incidence of local recurrence and cumulative survival rate were compared for two groups of patients with stage I malignant melanoma of the lower leg. Group 1 included 119 patients treated from 1964 to 1978 with a wide local excision extending to the ankle. Group 2 included 58 patients treated from 1978 to 1981 with a 5 cm incision margin in all directions. Lesions within both groups were comparable based on measurements of tumor thickness. However, level of invasion indicated significantly more advanced lesions in the first group. Risk of local recurrence was related to thickness and ulceration. There were no statistically significant differences in frequency of local recurrences or cumulative survival rates between the two groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Multiple recurrence of trisomy 21 Down syndrome.

A young family with four chromosomally documented cases of trisomy 21, at least two, further cases of Down syndrome diagnosed only clinically, and no healthy children among their offspring is reported. No sign of mosaicism was found in studies of lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts from the parents. In a biopsy from the mother's ovary a trisomic cell line was found, thus giving some, but not a complete explanation for this extraordinary family. Additional explanations are suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The diagnostic significance of periportal hepatic necrosis and inflammation.

In this review the several types of cell damage and cell death which may be found in liver biopsy specimens are defined. We describe the different processes which occur at the portal/parenchymal or septal/parenchymal interface, viz. periportal spillover, periportal hepatitis, classic or lymphocytic piecemeal necrosis and biliary piecemeal necrosis. The diagnostic implications of these lesions in relation to the clinicopathological diagnosis and prognosis in various liver diseases are discussed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Hydatidiform mole: genetic origin in polyploid conceptuses.

The origin of 29 polyploid conceptuses with villous cystic swelling was examined. One tetraploid specimen showed one maternal and three paternal contributions to the genome. Informative cytogenetic markers in 24 triploids were consistent with fertilization by dispermy. Analysis of cytogenetic markers indicated that polyspermy may account for essentially all polyploid conceptions with an excess of paternal to maternal chromosome complements. The origin of the genome was primarily demonstrated by the study of cytogenetic markers, while HLA determination and enzyme analysis were less informative.

Female↗