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Biomedical subjects

H Pogglitsch

Publications and source records attributed to H Pogglitsch.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Acute kidney failure].

The etiology of acute renal failure is quite complex, in contradistinction to the monotonous appearance of the corresponding renal pathomorphology (tubular necrosis, intracapillary coagulation). A basic prerequisite for the successful prevention of acute renal failure is the knowledge of the responsible atiopathogenetic factors and their early recognition. Once kidney damage has occurred, therapeutic measures shift to concentrate on the symptomatic treatment of renal failure and the prevention of accompanying complications such as a hemorrhagic tendency, susceptibility to infections, hyperkalemia, hyperhydration, catabolism etc. In addition to the proper choice of the detoxification procedure (hemodialysis, hemofiltration, peritoneal dialysis, continuous a.v. hemofiltration) precise fluid and electrolyte balance, optimal nutrition, and the adjustment of drug dosages to the degree of renal insufficiency all play an important rule. The therapeutic principles and the differential therapy of the various detoxification procedures are discussed on the basis of concrete recommendations.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

[Results of a multicenter study of the early detection of glomerulonephritis. 1].

In the framework of a multicentric retrospective study between selected clinics of the Republic Austria and the GDR anamnestic, clinical and paraclinical data were investigated in their valency for the early recognition of glomerulonephritis. Data of 583 patients were evaluated. Hereby it was shown that independent of the size of excretion and the reproducibility the findings "proteinuria" are of particular significance for the early recognition. The serological investigations usually performed within the diagnostic of glomerulonephritis proved as insignificant for the early recognition. Since the establishing of an exact diagnosis is up to now possible only with the help of invasive methods, a call on research is made to develop reliable, non-invasive diagnostic methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Phosphorus kinetics during haemodialysis and haemofiltration.

Phosphorus excretion during haemodialysis positively correlates with the plasma inorganic phosphorus (Pi) concentration and the dialyser Pi clearance. Therefore, by using highly efficient dialysers or haemofilters, disciplined patients may achieve a well regulated P-balance. The plasma Pi concentration time curve during haemodialysis or haemofiltration must be seen as the result of passive diffusion combined with an active mobilisation of Pi from a rapidly exchangeable P-pool. The plasma Pi concentration hardly falls below the normal range in dialysis patients, regardless of the quantity of Pi removed by haemodialysis or haemofiltration. The stability of plasma Pi demonstrates the existence of a mechanism for phosphate regulation in body fluids, independent of the calcium homeostasis.

Blood↗
PubMed1984

[Plasmapheresis in multiple sclerosis].

8 patients suffering from multiple sclerosis were treated with plasmapheresis. Other methods of management such as cortisone or azathioprine therapy were discontinued one month before plasmapheresis. The patients were investigated before, and on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd day after plasmapheresis using the Kurtzke Disability Score and the Hamilton Rating Scale. No improvement in neurological or psychiatric symptoms or signs was detected following plasmapheresis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Neurophysiological findings and serum aluminium in dialysis encephalopathy.

64 patients on hemodialysis were investigated. The mean duration of dialysis was 43 months. In all the patients, serum aluminium levels, systolic blood pressure (averaged over a period of 6 weeks) and the EEG were investigated. Psychological testing to assess the level of intelligence (IQ) was also performed. The serum aluminium levels have been assayed by flameless atomic absorption (Perkin-Elmer atomic absorption spectrophotometer model 420). In 6 patients, the diagnosis of dementia was made on the basis of psychological testing and clinical observations. The demented patients showed significantly (p less than 0.01) higher aluminium levels (mean 409 microgram/l, SD 235) than the 58 non-demented patients (mean 189 microgram/l, SD 152), whereas the age of the patients, duration of dialysis and blood pressure were the same in both groups. The EEG was abnormal in all 6 demented patients. Only in 23 of the 58 non-demented patients was the EEG pathological (p less than 0.05). A significant correlation was found between serum aluminium levels and the EEG data with regard to bilateral slow waves, focal slow waves and epileptic potentials (p less than 0.05). The EEG, age of the patients, duration of dialysis and blood pressure showed no correlation. Electromyography, nerve conduction velocity and latency showed no correlation with aluminium levels or dementia. It can be concluded from our findings that in dialyzed patients there is a correlation between serum aluminium levels and the appearance of dementia and EEG changes.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1981

[The importance of aluminiun in dialyseencephalopathie (author's transl)].

64 patient on chronic haemodialysis were investigated. The duration of the dialysis was 44 months; the mean age of patients was 41 years. In 6 patients a diagnosis of Dementia was made in addition to apraxia, dysarthria and anarthria. 5 of the patients died. All the demented patients showed an abnormal EEG and 4 had atrophy in the computertomogram. The plasma aluminium levels were significantly raised (409 microgram/l) in the demented group as compared to the non-demented dialysis patients (189 microgram/l).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Mechanisms of action and clinical importance of C3-nephritic-factor (author's transl)].

The C3-nephritic-factor is an autoantibody specific against C3-convertases. This IgG-immunoglobulin is particularly found in patients suffering from membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and causes a complement-activation under elimination of physiological regulator mechanisms. The clinical importance of this factor is discussed.

Complement C3 Nephritic Factor↗
PubMed1981

[Therapy of hypertensive crises with a mono-substance with alpha- and beta-blocking properties (labetalol)].

For treatment of hypertensive emergencies 36 patients received an intravenous bolus of 100 mg labetalol. The mean blood pressure of the whole group was decreased from 220/128 mm Hg to 167/107 mm Hg. Mean heart rate dropped from 85 to 76 per minute. 7 patients did not respond to treatment. Thereafter 4 patients received a second dose of 100 mg or 500 mg labetalol respectively, whereupon 2 showed a distinct drop in blood pressure. Simple handling and intensive efficacy and the lack of troublesome side effects recommend labetalol for the treatment of hypertensive emergencies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The effects of haemodialysis on cerebral blood flow.

Cerebral blood flow (CBF ml/100g/min) was measured by 133Xenon in 24 patients before and after haemodialysis (HD) and in 27 normal persons. A wide scatter of the absolute CBF values were observed to correlate with the haematocrit, whereas blood pressure, pCO2 and weight loss during HD did not. Before HD, when compared with the control group, the patients showed a distinct elevation of CBF due to the severe anaemia of this group. Though there was only a slight increase in haematocrit post-dialysis a return to normal of the post-dialysis CBF was observed. In order to achieve comparative data the CBF values were corrected mathematically to a normal haemoglobin (160g/L) and the adjusted mean pre-dialysis CBF value was within the normal range and decreased to the lowest limit of normal after HD. A significant decline in CBF was observed with increasing age and length of time on HD. When compared with normal the age-dependent decline was about twice as high and showed a 10-fold decrease with the time on HD treatment. When we grouped the patients with regard to the CBF values the following results were obtained: in eight patients CBF was elevated before HD and showed a return to normal after HD. These were younger patients with greater predialysis over-hydration and lower blood pressure. A distinctly reduced CBF was observed in nine patients and remained unchanged after HD. This group included older patients with a higher blood pressure. The reaction of CBF suggests three types of patients with different vascular reactivity to fluid excess: young normotensive patients with high vascular fluid storage capacity, patients with hypertensive vascular reactivity and patients with vascular damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Results of computerized tomography of the skull in hemodialysis patients].

Psychiatric and neurological symptoms as well as the clinical diagnosis of 22 patients on chronic hemodialysis were set in contrast with the findings of the cranial computerized tomography. The cranial computerized tomography turns out to be a valuable diagnostic aid to recognise or exclude morphologic lesions in the central nervous system, particularly because the complex overlap of the various pathogenetic mechanisms in hemodialysed patients points out frequently the little value of the clinical symptoms.

Adult↗