Biomedical subjects

H Perris

Publications and source records attributed to H Perris.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1980

Perceived parental behaviour and psychogenic needs.

A new inventory aimed at the assessment of perceived parental rearing practices (EMBU) and an inventory aimed at assessing psychogenic needs (CMPS) were completed by 152 healthy subjects of both sexes (108 males and 44 females). The series was comprised of 73 conscripts, 57 medical students, 15 vocational therapy students and 7 staff personnel who were 17-46 years old. Several significant correlations were found between dimensions of parental rearing behaviour and personality characteristics, most of them being consistent with earlier findings by other authors. Although statistically significant, the correlation coefficients were mostly low, leaving a large amount of unexplained variance. The findings of this study support the general assumption that the perception of parental rearing practices is an important factor in the shaping of personality make-up but that other, still unexplored factors might have an even greater importance in the determination of habitual personality characteristics.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Development of a new inventory assessing memories of parental rearing behaviour.

A new inventory (EMBU) to assess the own memories of parental rearing behaviour was constructed. EMBU is comprised of 81 questions grouped in 15 subscales and two additional questions referring to consistency and strictness of parental rearing behaviour to be answered in a four-step scale for the father and for the mother separately. The subscales cover rearing practices as for eexample overinvolment, affection, overprotectiveness, guilt engendering, rejection. 152 healthy subjects of both sexes (108 males and 44 females) completed the inventory. The item analysis showed that both parents attained similar scores in about half of the questions. Fathers scored higher in items referring to strictness, punishment and a low degree of involvement whereas mothers scored higher in items referring to involvement and affection. A principal component factor analysis permitted the hypothesized subscales to be identified. An analysis of the internal consistency of the subscales revealed a high frequency of significant internal correlations. A principal component factor analysis of the total scores of the 15 subscales allowed three main dimensions of rearing behaviour to be identified quite close to those reported in similar studies in the literature where other scales had been used.

Child↗

PubMed1980

Enzymes related to biogenic amine metabolism and personality characteristics in depressed patients.

Levels of the activity of enzyme systems involved in the synthesis and metabolism of biogenic amines have been linked in several reports in the literature with various psychopathological conditions and with variations in personality characteristics. In particular, significant negative correlations have been reported between levels of MAO-activity and sensation seeking. In the present study levels of MAO and DBH-activity were investigated in a series of 30 depressed patients, admitted consecutively, who completed a new personality inventory, the KSP, assumed to measure relatively stable personality traits. Our findings appeared to be consistent with those of earlier authors in that the most pronounced significant (negative) correlation occurred between MAO-activity levels and the monotony avoidance subscale of the KSP. This particular subscale is aimed precisely at measuring thrill-seeking and bears a close relation to the Sensation Seeking Scale used by other authors. In addition a weak positive correlation was found between the same subscale and levels of DBH-activity. Finally a weak negative correlation emerged between levels of MAO and the Guilt subscale of the KSP.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1980

Reactivity to incoming stimuli and the experience of life-events.

In 60 patients, hospitalized for a depressive syndrome, visual average evoked potentials (V .AEP) to stimuli of different intensities and the occurrence of life-events during the last year, as assessed by means of a specially constructed questionnaire, were investigated. Patients with an augmenter response in V .AEP, i.e. a tendency to react with increasing maximum amplitude of the evoked potential when stimulus intensity is increased, were found to report more life-events, to report more life-events as extremely difficult, and to report adaptation after the life-event as difficult. Thus it seems clear that it is not only of importance to investigate the number and characteristics of life-events that occurred, but also to bring attention to the perceptual reactance of the person experiencing the event.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Choice of symptoms in a multi-aspects classification model applied to depressed patients.

A multi-aspects classification model (MACM) has been developed and presented in detail elsewhere. However, it is not clear which symptoms are best used to characterize the patient. The present investigation tried to answer four questions. Are the most severe symptoms most frequently used to characterize the patient? Are there severe symptoms which are not used? Are mild symptoms frequently used to characterize the patient? Are syndromatic stereotypes frequently used to characterize the patient? 50 consecutive admissions (15 males) with depression were rated on the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale and these ratings were compared with the symptoms used by the senior ward psychiatrists to characterize the patient. No indication was found that doctors use only the most severe symptoms; nor did they seem to use only diagnostic stereotypes based on theory.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Aspects of aggression in formerly depressed patients and in healthy controls.

Thirty former inpatients (14 male and 16 female) who had suffered from a nonpsychotic depressive syndrome were investigated by means of a new personality inventory--the KSP--when they had recovered from the depressive disorder, and their results were contrasted to those obtained from 53 healthy controls (19 male, 34 female). Attention was focused on the subscales of the KSP which refer to aspects of aggression. Former patients scored significantly higher than controls in the variables 'irritability,' 'suspicion,' 'guilt,' and 'inhibition of aggression.' The findings suggest a particular personality makeup for at least one subgroup of depression-prone subjects and closely resemble classical concepts of hostility and depression.

Aggression↗

PubMed1979

Psychogenic needs in depression.

Thirty-eight depressed in- and outpatients at the Department of Psychiatry, Umeå University, were asked to complete a CMPS form concerning their psychogenic needs. The depression depth of these patients was then rated by a doctor who utilized selected items from the CPRS scale. The 38 patients were matched according to age and sex with 38 former depressed patients who had been investigated after recovery from a depressive syndrome to establish whether there is any correlation between psychogenic needs and severity of a depressive disorder and to determine whether these psychogenic needs depend on depression or are a more stable part of an individual's personality.

Adjustment Disorders↗

PubMed1979

Interprofessional communicability and reliability of the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) as assessed by video-taped interviews.

Five raters: two experienced psychiatrists, two psychologists (one acquainted with the use of the scale and one new to it) and an untrained social worker, participated in training sessions in the use of the CPRS. Videotaped interviews were used for assessing the level of inter-rater reliability and the communicability of the CPRS to unexperienced raters. As in previous studies, it was found that the CPRS is easily communicable and that a very satisfactory level of agreement among raters can be achieved.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗

PubMed1978

Status within the family and early life experiences in patients with affective disorders and cycloid psychosis.

The family constellation and early childhood experiences have been investigated in 534 in- and outpatients (21 male and 323 female). The series comprised the following diagnostic subgroups: bipolar (n = 195) and unipolar (n = 175) affective psychotic disorders, non-psychotic depressive syndromes (n = 94) and cycloid psychosis (n = 70). A 34-item questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the present investigation relying upon information about meaningful variables in the relevant literature. Five main areas (status within the family, separation and loss, disturbing life experiences, acts of violence, and somatic factors) were covered in the study. Female patients have been found to be over-represented in regard to many variables. Few inter-group differences were found. This finding would suggest that negative, early childhood experiences are shared by most psychiatric patients and are not specific for any of the disorders which have been taken into account in the study.

Adjustment Disorders↗