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Biomedical subjects

H Pardes

Publications and source records attributed to H Pardes.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Psychoanalytic concepts in psychiatric training.

The author describes, categorizes, and appraises psychiatric training programs on the basis of how each handles psychoanalytic concepts. He suggests rationales for including a proper balance of psychoanalytic conceptualizations in each type of program. Some emphasis complementing a balanced curriculum is recommended. He also notes that the psychiatrist is both a physician and a mental health professional who looks at the biologic, psychological, and social aspects of behavior; the synthesis of these several perspectives should be conveyed effectively and without bias to all students entering psychiatry.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1980

Treatment in the seventies: a decade of refinement.

In the treatment of mental disorders, the 1970s was a decade of increasing refinement and specificity of existing treatments. There was increasing focus on the negative effects of various treatments, such as deinstitutionalization, and a stronger scientific basis for some treatments emerged. For instance, the field of somatic treatments saw a greater and more sophisticated use of lithium, accompanied by concern about possible side-effects of goiter and renal changes; greater specificity of the anti-depressants; more widespread monitoring of plasma levels; and growing attention to the tardive dyskinesias. In psychotherapy there was a change toward more eclectic and pragmatic approaches, as evidenced by the combining of behavioral and dynamic techniques and an increased use of short-term psychotherapies, plus a concern with efficacy. Ties between the mental health care and general health care fields became stronger, as evidenced by the growth of consultation-liaison programs, the often combined delivery of mental and physical health services, and advances in behavioral medicine. The authors expect such trends to continue in the 1980s, along with a greater rigor in diagnostic systems and an increased focus on prevention.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1979

Future needs for psychiatrists and other mental health personnel.

Approximately 15% of the population suffers a diagnosable mental disorder, and with the increasing availability of community-based mental health services, growing demand is placed on the mental health specialty sector. Though the general health sector and nonmedical mental health specialists provide services to a large proportion of this case load, psychiatrists possess unique skills for the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorder and for the provision of consultation and liaison services to nonpsychiatric physicians. In spite of the need, a number of factors, including restrictions on foreign medical graduates and federal emphasis on the primary care specialties, have created an accelerating reduction in the production of psychiatrists. The federal government and medical schools are encouraged to devise strategies collaboratively to address issues to ensure an adequate supply of psychiatrists for the future.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1979

Psychiatry in public service: challenge of the eighties.

Contrary to popular opinion, there are now more psychiatrists in public service than ever before. Psychiatrists' contributions in this area have been masked by a decreasing growth in the total number of psychiatrists, the simultaneous expansion of other mental health disciplines, and the proliferation of mental health treatment facilities. The authors examine the reasons for the decline in the over-all growth of the profession and describe some new federal initiatives to encourage more American medical graduates to specialize in psychiatry and to work in traditionally underserved areas in the public sector.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1977

Aftercare of psychiatric patients and its relation to rehospitalization.

In their study of the effects of posthospital treatment on psychiatric patients the authors found that those who entered aftercare were rehospitalized less often than those who did not. They found the rehospitalization rate was higher for schizophrenic patients than for patients in other diagnostic groups, and that schizophrenic patients who did not enter aftercare were rehospitalized at a higher rate than those who did. They found no difference between rehospitalization rates of patients who continued with their hospital therapist after discharge and those patients who worked with a new therapist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Demographic and clinical characteristics of black psychiatric patients in a private general hospital.

A study of 419 first admissions to a private general hospital psychiatric inpatient unit showed that only 8.8 per cent were blacks, while 23 per cent of the population in the community were blacks. When compared to white patients, blacks were much less likely to be rerred for hospitalization by private sources, were substantially younger, and had shorter hospitalizations. The most common diagnosis for blacks was paranoid schizophrenia. The authors conclude that despite the widespread availability of third-party insurance coverage, blacks use the private general hospital less ofter than whites and their patterns of use are substantially different.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Mania and milieu: treatment of manics in a therapeutic community.

The authors observed the management of 35 manic patients admitted to a 32-bed general hospital unit that emphasized milieu treatment. They concluded that the principles of treatment derived from the therapeutic community model--democratization and permissiveness--are generally incompatible with the effective treatment of manic patients, who can be a strong disruptive force on the patient and staff community. The authors describe approaches to managing manic patients in four phases--preadmission evaluation, and the postadmission, middle, and termination phases of inpatient treatment. They stress that milieu modifications are necessary to meet individual treatment needs.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1977

Psychiatric education: state of the art, 1976.

The authors describe an extraordinary review of 527 programs in 205 institutions conducted by the Psychiatry Education Branch of NIMH. Each institution was evaluated by 2 site visitors, whose findings were reviewed by a group of 12 special consultants. These consultants voted on approval of grant applications and assigned priorities to those which were approved. Direct results of the review included approval of 69% of the programs, increased support of programs in medical student education, consultation-liaison psychiatry, and psychiatric investigation, but a decrease in the total number of institutions supported. Indirect results were the encouragement of self-evaluation in each program reviewed, the valuable exchange of ideas among the educators involved in the review process, and implications for future reviews. The authors, who believe that psychiatric education is in good health, discuss the findings of this review in terms of the future of the field.

Behavior↗
PubMed1977

Research training in psychiatry.

The authors examined data on 13 requests for federal support for psychiatric research investigation that were evaluated as part of the NIMH review of psychiatric education grants in fiscal year 1975. Thirteen factors were found to be associated with quality of psychiatric research training, and the interaction and importance of these factors are illustrated in summaries of 5 programs. The ideal program is described as one in which there is a clearly stated concept, content that is broad and relevant enough to interest trainees in psychiatry, a continuing evaluation process, and superior research that can be documented. Adequate depth and breadth in terms of faculty and facilities are also essential. The authors believe that all psychiatrists should be encouraged to integrate scientific observation into their professional work and to evaluate systematically the effectiveness of their clinical interventions.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1977

Psychiatric aspects of voluntary sterilization in young, childless women.

An increasing number of young, childless women currently seek tubal ligation for fertility control. They state that they have no maternal aspirations and that available contraceptive methods are not safe enough. This aspect of voluntary sterilization has received little attention by psychiatrists in the past. This paper presents a psychological picture of seven women with a particular focus on some psychodynamic considerations underlying their wish to remain childless and the role of the psychiatrist in the decision-making process for this procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Brief transference-focused therapy of hospitalized psychiatric patients.

A therapeutic approach referred to as brief transference-focused therapy for hospitalized psychiatric patients is discussed with its three key constituents being early selective intervention, the nurturing of positive transference, and the active participation of the patient in determining posthospital treatment. Clinical examples are presented in which these constituents are illustrated. Gains and limitations of this treatment are discussed.

Acting Out↗
PubMed1975

A study of hospitalized paranoid schizophrenics with grandiose symptomatology.

Twenty-one paranoid schizophrenics who were being treated in a therapeutic community were divided into groups with grandiose and nongrandiose symptomatology, based on ratings on the Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Scale. The nine nongrandiose patients showed significantly greater improvement during hospitalization. A follow-up of five nongrandiose and nine grandiose patients one year after discharge revealed a trend toward greater improvement by the nongrandiose group. The authors feel that a patient's grandiosity creates a barrier that keeps the therapist and the members of the therapeutic community at a distance and makes him less accessible to therapeutic intervention. The field dependence of patients was also rated, but was of no prognostic significance.

Adult↗