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Biomedical subjects

H P Rhomberg

Publications and source records attributed to H P Rhomberg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Female geriatric patients with urinary incontinence symptoms and their control over pelvic floor muscles].

UNLABELLED: Not only do anatomy and function of the pelvic floor play an important role as possible causes of female urinary incontinence, they are also crucial for its therapy. The aim of this case control study of female geriatric patients with symptoms of urinary incontinence was to determine the knowledge about their pelvic floor and to assess their ability to contract pelvic floor muscles voluntarily and reflexly. METHODS: A total of 377 female geriatric patients with symptoms of urinary incontinence were investigated in a Basis Assessment for Urinary incontinence. The ability to contract their pelvic floor muscles was examined by a digital vaginal palpation. The extent of the registered muscle strength was graded by the Modified Oxford Grading Scale by Laycock (1994). RESULTS: Of the patients, 65.5% were not aware of their pelvic floor and were not able to contract the pelvic floor muscles (Grade 0 to 1 by Laycock), 22% had an inaccurate knowledge and only performed an insufficient pelvic floor muscle contraction (Grade 2 by Laycock). Only 12.5% could contract their pelvic floor muscles properly (Grade 3 to 4 by Laycock). A subgroup of 83 patients had already absolved pelvic floor exercises in the past, 80 patients with conventional instructions, 3 patients with digital vaginal control. In this subgroup 54.2% of the patients were not able to contract the pelvic floor muscles (Grade 0 to 1 by Laycock) 25.3% only performed an insufficient contraction (Grade 2 by Laycock), while 20% were able to perform a sufficient and powerful contraction (Grade 3 to 4 by Laycock). The three patients in the past controlled by a digital vaginal palpation were part of this group and managed a pelvic floor muscle strength Grade 4 by Laycock. A high percentage of female geriatric patients with symptoms of urinary incontinence have a lack of understanding regarding the position and function of their pelvic floor. These results suggest that conventional pelvic floor muscle exercises without specific control are not an appropriate method to improve geriatric patients' ability to contract their pelvic floor muscles and to prevent urine leakage.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Risk profile of SSrIs in elderly depressive patients with co-morbid physical illness.

BACKGROUND: So far, most studies on treatment strategies in elderly depressive patients have included only patients in good physical health, thereby excluding and neglecting somatic co-morbidity, which is very prevalent and relevant in geriatric psychiatry. METHOD: 40 elderly depressive inpatients at the Department of Internal Medicine in Hochzirl who had started on SSRI monotherapy were allocated to this prospective post-marketing surveillance study. A stable medication for their physical illness for at least six months was a prerequisite. A Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) score of >24 was required for study entry. The four-week study consisted of one baseline and four follow-up examinations, including psychiatric and medical history, as well as ratings for psychopathology and treatment-related adverse events. The antidepressants administered were paroxetine (20 mg/d), citalopram (20 mg/d), fluoxetine (20 mg/d) and sertraline (50 mg/d). Depression was rated using the 21-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD); side effects were evaluated by the UKU Side Effect Rating Scale, and we used the Hillside Akathisia Scale (HAS) to record the incidence of SSRI-induced akathisia. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that SSRls are effective and reasonably safe in elderly depressive patients with co-morbid physical illness. Adverse effects are more common, but generally tolerable, than in younger and physically healthy patients. The risk profile of SSRls in this population can be considered favorable.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Cognitive training in psycho-organic syndromes].

Seven of fourteen elderly female patients (mean age 82.3 [75-89] years) with abnormalities of cognition, memory and affect of organic causation were randomly assigned to be given cognitive training, especially relating to memory, as part of rehabilitation measures for medical or orthopaedic diseases. The other seven served as controls. Training extended over 15 days, cognitive training given on 9 days for 45 min each. The control group had sessions of nonspecific attention. All patients were given psychological tests of memory and attention before and after cognitive training (or nonspecific attention). Behavioural changes were also assessed. The patients with cognitive training scored significantly higher than the controls, both in the individual exercises of the training programme and in the various tests of performance. The cognitive training also favourably influenced social behaviour, mood and level of volition. Maintaining and improving still present mental capacity in this type of patient is an essential task within a hospital setting, which otherwise provides little stimulus. Cognitive training is simple and effective, yet of great social importance.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ten years' experience in a cardiovascular disease prevention community programme in Austria.

In 1977, a field survey of coronary risk factors was undertaken in a Tyrolean village. All inhabitants aged between 20 and 64 years were investigated for hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension and smoking. In subsequent years a community intervention programme was developed and implemented in a joint endeavour between the general practitioners of the village and the project leader. After 10 years, in May 1987, a new survey was conducted in the age group 20 to 74 years. The mean values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as the plasma cholesterol level in the population were found to be significantly lower than 10 years previously. There was a substantial, but not significant reduction in the percentage of male smokers in the age group 20 to 64 years, but no change in the percentage of female smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Lipid values in a rural community].

In 1987 the population of a rural community in Tyrol aged 20 to 74 years was screened for plasma lipids (cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides). The mean cholesterol value was 205.8 mg/dl (5.31 mml/l) in men and 207.9 mg/dl (5.37 mmol/l) in women. These values seem to be the lowest so far recorded for population-based cholesterol values in Austria. This might be partly explained by an intensive risk factor intervention programme which has been implemented in this community throughout the past ten years. HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in women (63.7 mg/dl or 1.64 mmol/l) than in men (51.1 mg/dl or 1.32 mmol/l). The opposite was true for non-fasting triglycerides, with mean values of 186.3 mg/dl (2.1 mmol/l) in men, and 122.1 mg/dl (1.4 mmol/l) in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[10 years' intervention in coronary risk factors in a rural community].

In 1977 a field survey of coronary risk factors was undertaken in a Tyrolean village. All inhabitants aged between 20 and 64 years were investigated for hyper-cholesterolaemia, hypertension and smoking. In subsequent years a community intervention programme was developed and implemented in a joint endeavour between the general practitioners of the village and the project leader. After 10 years, in May 1987, a new survey was conducted in the age group 20 to 74 years. The mean values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as the plasma cholesterol level of the original cohort were found to be significantly lower than 10 years previously. There was a substantial, but not significant reduction in the percentage of male smokers in the age group 20 to 64 years, but no change in the percentage of female smokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Drug use by 60- to 74-year-old patients of a rural community. The Tyrolean Oberperfuss Heart Project].

Information on drug consumption was collected in May 1987 within the framework of the 10 year follow-up survey of a coronary risk factor detection programme in the Tyrolean village of Oberperfuss. Data were obtained from the entire cohort born between 1913 and 1927. On average, men took 1.7 and women 2.8 different types of drugs. Blood pressure lowering substances, including diuretics, were the most frequently consumed drugs, followed by digitalis.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Results of the Zirl prevention project].

A model for community health and social services was set up in 1979 in the village of Zirl, Tyrol. All persons entitled to a preventive medical examination, i.e. those aged 19 years and over, were invited to make an appointment with their general practitioner in 1979/80 and again in 1981/82. 737 people took part in the first examination, corresponding to 26.8% of those originally invited and 446 persons (13.2%) responded to the second invitation. 188 persons (76 men and 112 women) participated in both examinations. Means and standard deviation of plasma cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and uric acid, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure and weight are presented for those 188 persons who participated twice. A significant reduction in plasma cholesterol level in both men and women was observed at the second examination following nutritional counselling by the general practitioners concerned.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Low-sodium diet versus low-sodium/high-potassium diet for treatment of hypertension.

In 21 patients with essential hypertension the effects of moderate sodium restriction from the usual 200 mmol Na/day to 80 mmol/day over 4 weeks were compared with the effects of a combined low-sodium/high-potassium intake (80 mmol Na/120 mmol K) which was also given over 4 weeks in an open crossover trial. Systolic blood pressure in nine untreated patients with essential hypertension decreased significantly by between 5 and 7 mm Hg during moderate sodium restriction; no further decrease of blood pressure occurred during the combined low-sodium/high-potassium diet. In 12 treated patients with essential hypertension moderate sodium restriction or the combined low-sodium/high-potassium diet enabled a marked reduction of anti-hypertensive therapy in eight patients without impairment of blood pressure control (beta-blockers by an average of 32%, saluretics by an average of 27% and vasodilators by an average of 24%). Here there were also no substantial differences between low-sodium intake and the combined low-sodium/high-potassium intake. It is concluded that sodium restriction to 80 mmol/day is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure but that a combined low-sodium/high-potassium diet does not further improve blood pressure control if the usual potassium intake is at least 80 mmol/day. Considerable reduction of anti-hypertensive therapy may be achieved by practical moderate sodium restriction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Coronary risk factors and their modification on the community level].

In 1977 a field survey of coronary risk factors was carried out on the inhabitants of the Tyrolean village Oberperfuss aged between 20 and 64 years. Height and weight were also measured. 295 men and 316 women, corresponding to 70 and 75% of the entire population participated in the baseline survey. We tried in a community orientated intervention program with the help of the general practitioners and a health education program to lower the three major risk factors. 43.5% of the men and 19.6% of the women were smokers. 11.6% were ex-smokers. After three years 93% of the original male smokers and 9.6% of the female smokers were abstinent. The rest showed a small, but not significant reduction in nicotine consumption.11.2% of the men and 14.9% of the women had a plasma cholesterol level of 280 mg% (7.24 mmol/l) or more. This group was subjected to dietary advice. After three years the average plasma cholesterol level of this group was 23% lower in men and 24% lower in women. The baseline survey showed a prevalence of hypertension defined as greater than or equal to 160 systolic and/or greater than or equal to 95 mmHg diastolic (greater than or equal to 21.3 kPa and/or greater than or equal to 12.7 kPa) of 278/1000 in men and 310/1000 in women. After repeated readings of the blood pressure of the originally hypertensive subjects the prevalence dropped in 1980 to 122/1000 in men and 209/1000 in women. In 1977, thanks to drug treatment, one sixth of the true hypertensive men and one third of the corresponding women were in the normotensive range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Food composition and results of dietetic intervention in patients with hypercholesterolemia in a Tyrolean village. Tyrolean heart project of Oberperfuss].

In the course of a field survey of coronary risk factors carried out in the Tyrolean village of Oberperfuss, a 24-hour food recall form was filled in by all inhabitants aged between 20 and 64 years. The food composition is presented. The dietary intervention programme for people with hypercholesterolaemia resulted in a 19.5% plasma cholesterol reduction within one year. A significant increase in the P/S ratio and a decrease in dietary cholesterol are chiefly responsible for the plasma cholesterol decrease, since the total fat consumption remained uninfluenced.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cooperation between internists and psychiatrists in the treatment of nicotine withdrawal as shown in a common project of the Innsbruck Medical University Clinic and the Department of Medical Psychology].

This paper shows a model of team-work between an internal specialist and a psychiatrist or psychotherapist, which aims at fighting against addiction to nicotine. Such team-work helps to increase the rate of success. The study described in this paper was carried out in a village in the Tyrol. An instructive campaign was organized, which lasted for several years. During this campaign an internal specialist informed the population about the sequelae of nicotine addiction. This informative work was complemented by in intensive counselling and psychotherapy including hypnosis and autogenous training. After one year half of the patients were still non-smokers.

Austria↗
PubMed1981

[Epidemiology of hepatitis (author's transl)].

Within the scope of a field survey carried out in the Tyrolean village of Oberperfuss in April 1977, a questionnaire was filled out by 296 men and 315 women aged between 20 and 64 years and the HBs Antigen (HBs Ag) was determined. 16,9% of the men and 15,9% of the woman, indicated that they suffered once from a liver disease of jaundice. The prevalence of HBs Ag positive subjects in men was 10,2/1000 and in woman, 3,2/1000. The incidence of hepatitis in the political districts of Innsbruck City and County in the above mentioned age group, in 1977 was 0,71/1000 in men and 0,53/1000, in women. Out of these, 60% of the male and 66% of the female cases, were HBs Ag positive.

Acute Disease↗