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Biomedical subjects

H Ott

Publications and source records attributed to H Ott.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Endoscopic study of digestive lesions caused by the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents in rheumatic patients].

44 patients treated with NSAID for a period of over 2 months for a rheumatic disease underwent fibroscopic endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Gastric lesions were found to be more frequent than those of the esophagus or duodenum. They occur in men in particular and are not correlated with symptoms or clinical findings. They are likewise unaffected by the presence of inflammatory arthropathy or simultaneous ingestion of coffee or drugs or smoking. Lesions may improve despite continued use of NSAID.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Supraacetabular and femoral head stress fracture during fluoride treatment.

A woman treated with fluoride for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis presented 1 year later with an unusual localized supraacetabular followed by a same-sided femoral head fracture. Fluoride was increased in serum and urine. Transiliac bone biopsy revealed typical bone fluorosis with elevated trabecular bone fluoride.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1987

Continuous monitoring of mixed venous oxygen saturation during aortic surgery.

The correlation between mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) and hemodynamic measurements was studied in 13 patients undergoing descending thoracic aortic aneurysm resection (DTAAR). A significant correlation (p less than 0.05) was found between cardiac index (CI) and SvO2 after the induction of anesthesia and at the end of surgery. However, no significant correlation could be found between SvO2 and CI during the most critical periods of the surgery that included the collapse of the left lung, the aortic clamping, and the aortic declamping. During DTAAR, continuous SvO2 monitoring is useful, but it cannot substitute for intermittent cardiac output and oxygen consumption (VO2) determinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

An unusual case of sarcoid dactylitis.

A woman presented with sarcoid dactylitis involving a single phalanx with an atypical radiological image. The only other features of sarcoid were subcutaneous nodules.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1985

Tenoxicam in the treatment of osteoarthrosis.

The efficacy and tolerability of tenoxicam, given as a 20 mg tablet once daily for 24 months, were studied in two groups of patients. Group I (N = 29) with gonarthrosis and coxarthrosis, and Group II (N = 30) with lumbarthrosis. Parameters of pain were measured at each monthly and subsequent two-monthly consultations. In Group I, there was improvement in all parameters, especially nocturnal and end-of-day pain, and after 24 months pain had diminished in 82% of patients. Group II also showed improvement in all parameters, especially nocturnal pain and pain on waking, and although no patient's symptoms completely disappeared, 90% showed a clinical effect. Few side effects were observed; seven patients discontinued therapy for reasons unconnected with tenoxicam. Tenoxicam is well-suited to the long-term treatment of these degenerative diseases. The dose was sufficient to produce a beneficial effect in most cases, and even higher doses did not produce side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Are electroencephalographic and psychomotor measures sensitive in detecting residual sequelae of benzodiazepine hypnotics?

PURPOSE: The recent development of short-acting benzodiazepines without active metabolites calls for a differentiation between the hangover effects of long-acting (LBD) and short-acting (SBD) benzodiazepines, when used as nighttime sedatives. The question now arises as to which electrophysiological and psychometric tests can record these effects with the highest degree of sensitivity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 35 healthy volunteers participated in 3 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled studies. In the first 2 studies the short-acting benzodiazepine (LORMetazepam 2 mg), the medium-acting BD (FLUNitrazepam 2 mg) and the long-acting BDs (FLURazepam 30 mg and DIAZepam 10 mg) were administered in single oral doses at bedtime. Hangover was measured in the morning hours prior to administration, and 12, 36, and either 60 h (first study) or 156 h (second study) p.a. The measurements included the pharmaco-EEG, particularly the relative power in the beta band; visual analogue scales for assessing the subjective quality of sleep, EWL-adjective check list; pegboard test and radioreceptor assay. In the third study, a single oral dose of LORM 2 mg was given and the acute sedative effects were measured by the Adaptive Pursuit Tracking Test, Pauli memory test, pegboard and Pursuit Rotor. RESULTS: The sleep-inducing properties of all BDs could be detected quite clearly on the first night p.a. Distinct hangover effects of LBD were apparent in the pegboard test and residual effects in different beta frequency bands after the first and, to a lesser degree, second nights. Such effects were barely detectable after the SBD. The time course of the RRA plasma levels of LORM and FLUN corresponded well to that of behaviour. The correspondence for DIAZ was less clear. The pharmaco-EEG proved to be the most sensitive measure of benzodiazepine effects, followed by continuous performance measures, such as the pursuit tracking test and driving simulator. Relatively low discriminability was observed with the discontinuous psychomotor tests, such as pegboard. These results have been interpreted within a concept of "activation theory" and it has been concluded that benzodiazepines more likely affect higher central nervous activities, such as the level of vigilance and attention, than simple activities, such as visumotor performance.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Are the amplitudes of visual evoked potentials sensitive indices of hangover effects after repeated doses of benzodiazepines?

Here we compared the efficacy of two electrophysiological techniques in detecting hangover effects after repeated administration (five days) of benzodiazepines. Twelve hours after the last ingestion, possible effects on evoked potentials (EPs) of the long- and short-acting benzodiazepines, flurazepam and lormetazepam, were compared here with those of placebo under a double-blind experimental condition. The EPs were recorded from occipital and parietal sites during an active discrimination of two amoeboid shapes and passive viewing of sine-wave grating patterns turned on and off. In the former task, the subject was requested to make a selective response with respect to whether the two shapes appeared the same or different and his reaction times were simultaneously recorded. Neither benzodiazepine influenced the latencies of any of the sensory and late EP components. Flurazepam's long-acting metabolite, N-desalkylflurazepam, reduced the amplitudes of all the EP components suggesting a somewhat general mode of action. This was not the case for lormetazepam. N-desalkylflurazepam reduced the amplitudes of the occipital visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to sine-wave gratings to a greater extent than the amplitudes of the late parietal EPs to amoeboid shapes. This effect did not show any particular preference for either of the subsystems processing pattern and movement information. The amplitudes of the late EP components, such as N200 and P300 waves recorded from parietal sites, were reduced considerably more after flurazepam administration than their counterparts recorded from the occiput. This observation points to the possible existence of at least two separate sources of the N200-P300 complex with different affinities to the N-desalkylflurazepam. The flurazepam-induced amplitude reduction observed for VEPs to gratings may reflect an attenuation in the detectability of both pattern and movement. The attenuation of the late EP amplitudes is possibly a function of several processes, one of which is conceivably the anxiolytic property of flurazepam which lowers the level of the activation state and this in turn is known to contribute to the amplitude size of the N200-P300 complex.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Simulated car driving as a useful technique for the determination of residual effects and alcohol interaction after short- and long-acting benzodiazepines.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 54 healthy volunteers took part in 3 placebo controlled double-blind trials designed partly as crossover, partly as parallel group studies. The long-acting (elimination half-life greater than 24 h) test drugs diazepam (DIA 5; 10 mg) and flurazepam (FLU 30 mg) were compared to the short-acting drugs (elimination half-life less than 12 h) lormetazepam (LOR 1.5; 2 mg) and mepindolol sulfate (MEP 10 mg; betablocker) following acute or subchronic application. Alcohol (ALC; 0.4-0.8 per mill blood ALC concentration) was used as a compound interfering with the test drugs. Measurements with the driving simulator TS2 were taken at different times between 1 h and 15 h p.a. RESULTS: Subchronic use of FLU causes significant impairment of driving performance the next morning in contrast to LOR which even increases the driving ability. The ALC potentiating effect of LOR is larger than that of DIA after acute intake. MEP acts like placebo but reduces blood pressure and heart rate. Interaction of LOR and ALC in the evening does not result in a prolonged hangover effect which could disturb driving performance the next morning. DISCUSSION: Short-acting benzodiazepines without active metabolites have a profound advantage over those with long-acting accumulating characteristics in respect to matutinal car driving ability, if those drugs are used as nighttime hypnotics. These results highlight the necessity of screening hypnotic and tranquilizing drugs concerning their influence on car driving performance at different times after intake and under conditions of interactions with psychotropic drugs, especially alcohol. In view of future methodological requirements a revised model of driving simulation is presented. It is based on a coherent description of the system "driver-vehicle environment" at the level of visual conditions, vehicle behaviour and driver performance. Preliminary data are shown.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗