Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Ota

Publications and source records attributed to H Ota.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Erdheim-Chester disease: a case report with immunohistochemical and biochemical examination.

This report describes a 47-year-old man with Erdheim-Chester disease (EC), the second case reported in Japan. The patient complained of knee pain, and the roentgenogram of the bilateral legs revealed symmetric osteolytic lesions with sclerosis of the metaphyseal regions of the long bones. Histological examination of the biopsy specimen showed a xanthogranulomatous lesion consisting of aggregations of foamy macrophages and Touton-type giant cells. Immunohistochemical study of the foamy cells in the lesion showed positive reaction to anti-Kp-1, anti-S-100 alpha, beta, anti-neuron-specific enolase (NSE), anti-alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, anti-alpha-1-antitrypsin, and anti-lysozyme antibodies. Electron microscopy showed many lipid droplets in the cytoplasm, but no Langerhans granules. These results suggested that the disease was part of the spectrum of histiocytosis but was different from Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Biochemical analysis of material extracted from a lesion showed the predominance of cholesterol ester. The disease progressed to central diabetes insipidus, and the involvement of multiple organs was indicated by a magnetic resonance image.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1996

Angiosarcoma of the chest wall.

Angiosarcoma is a rare but highly malignant disease. This report presents a 22-year-old male who has survived a primary angiosarcoma arising from the chest wall. The patient had been complaining of anterior chest pain for 3 years. CT and MRI revealed a tumor protruding into the right thoracic cavity from the anterior chest wall but no further findings. First, the tumor was resected using video-assisted thoracoscopy. The pathological diagnosis established from a frozen section was of a benign mesothelioma, but this was changed to angiosarcoma based on findings from a paraffin-embedded specimen. As a consequence, the third rib and intercostal muscles were resected in a second operation. Three years following surgery there was no evidence of tumor recurrence or metastasis. This case supports a suggestion that not all patients with angiosarcomas experience the same level of malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Gene rearrangements in snake mitochondrial genomes: highly concerted evolution of control-region-like sequences duplicated and inserted into a tRNA gene cluster.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) regions corresponding to two major tRNA gene clusters were amplified and sequenced for the Japanese pit viper, himehabu. In one of these clusters, which in most vertebrates characterized to date contains three tightly connected genes for tRNA(Ile), and tRNA(Gln), and tRNA(Met), a sequence of approximately 1.3 kb was found to be inserted between the genes for tRNA(Ile) and tRNA(Gln). The insert consists of a control-region-like sequence possessing some conserved sequence blocks, and short flanking sequences which may be folded into tRNA(Pro), tRNA(Phe), and tRNA(Leu) genes. Several other snakes belonging to different families were also found to possess a control-region-like sequence and tRNA(Leu) gene between the tRNA(Ile)and tRNA(Gln) genes. We also sequenced a region surrounded by genes for cytochrome b and 12S rRNA, where the control region and genes for tRNA(Pro) and tRNA(Phe) are normally located in the mtDNAs of most vertebrates. In this region of three examined snakes, a control-region-like sequence exists that is almost completely identical to the one found between the tRNA(Ile) and tRNA(Gln) genes. The mtDNAs of these snakes thus possess two nearly identical control-region-like sequences which are otherwise divergent to a large extent between the species. These results suggest that the duplicate state of the control-region-like sequences has long persisted in snake mtDNAs, possibly since the original insertion of the control-region-like sequence and tRNA(Leu) gene into the tRNA gene cluster, which occurred in the early stage of the divergence of snakes. It is also suggested that the duplicated control-region-like sequences at two distant locations of mtDNA have evolved concertedly by a mechanism such as frequent gene conversion. The secondary structures of the determined tRNA genes point to the operation of simplification pressure on the T psi C arm of snake mitochondrial tRNAs.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Immunohistochemical detection of Helicobacter pylori in the surface mucous gel layer and its clinicopathological significance.

BACKGROUND: Attempts have been made to develop an accurate method for detecting Helicobacter pylori in histological sections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Biopsy specimens were obtained from the stomachs of 167 patients with gastric ulcer (33), duodenal ulcer (52), gastroduodenal ulcer (15), chronic gastritis (45), and normal mucosa (22) before antimicrobial treatment and from 108 of these patients after treatment. Biopsy specimens were (1) cultured, (2) fixed in 10% buffered formalin, or (3) fixed in Carnoy's solution. The latter method was employed to preserve the surface mucous gel layer (SMGL) covering gastric surface mucous cells. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), with immunostaining using a commercially available polyclonal anti-H. pylori antibody. RESULTS: Cultures were positive for H. pylori in 61% of the cases before treatment and in 16% after treatment; by H&E staining using formalin-fixed materials: 70% and 9%; by immunostaining using formalin-fixed materials: 78% and 21%; and by immunostaining using Carnoy-fixed materials: 85% and 41% of biopsy specimens, respectively. The difference in detection rates between materials fixed in formalin and those in Carnoy's solution was due to the detection of H. pylori in the SMGL by the latter, especially after antimicrobial treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Immunostaining for H. pylori using materials fixed in Carnoy's solution revealed H. pylori in the SMGL as well as on the surface mucous cells and in the gastric pits and permitted the optimal detection of H. pylori in tissue sections.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1996

Helicobacter pylori and the surface mucous gel layer of the human stomach.

BACKGROUND: The colonization of Helicobacter pylori in the surface mucous gel layer (SMGL) was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgically removed stomachs were obtained from patients and included gastric ulcer (4 cases), duodenal ulcer (2), and gastric cancer (24). Five of these cases were examined at 8, 19, 28, 143, and 171 days after the end of eradication therapy. For the preservation of the SMGL, these specimens were fixed in cold Carnoy's solution, cleared in xylene, and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections were obtained and were stained by dual staining with the galactose oxidase-cold thionin Schiff reaction followed by paradoxical Concanavalin A staining and immunostaining for H. pylori. RESULTS: H. pylori characteristically attached to surface mucous cells and colonized in the SMGL H. pylori in the SMGL was more abundant than that attached to the surface mucous cells. The degree of H. pylori infection both on the surface of surface mucous cells and in the SMGL correlated well with the severity of gastritis. In the SMGL, this organism obviously preferred to colonize in the layer of surface mucous cell-type mucins, and the multilaminated structure of the SMGL deteriorated markedly. Eradication of H. pylori restored the structure of the SMGL, and the inflammatory reaction decreased gradually. CONCLUSION: The SMGL is an indispensable site of H. pylori colonization, and this organism damaged the gastric mucosa partially by causing deterioration of the SMGL. Removal of the organism from the SMGL should be considered for eradication of this organism.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1996

Expression of gamma delta T cells and adhesion molecules in endometriotic tissue in patients with endometriosis and adenomyosis.

PROBLEM: Are T cell subsets including gamma delta T cells. HLA antigens or adhesion molecules, expressed in eutopic and ectopic endometria in patients with endometriosis and adenomyosis? METHODS: Subjects consisted of 23 patients with adenomyosis and 21 patients with endometriosis. Controls consisted of 15 patients with adenomyoma and 42 infertile women without habitual abortion and autoimmune diseases. Staining of the glandular cells in eutopic and ectopic endometria or T lymphocyte subsets or macrophages in the stroma were analyzed immunohistochemically to localize the expression of the antigens. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly increased expression of the antigens, particularly of the number of gamma delta T cells in the stroma and adhesion molecules and HLA antigens on the glandular cells in eutopic and ectopic endometria, compared with materials from patients with adenomyoma and infertile patients. CONCLUSION: It is likely that three distinct pathways of cell-cell interactions are activated in patients with endometriosis or adenomyosis.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1996

A new screening method for the selection of Lactobacillus acidophilus group lactic acid bacteria with high adhesion to human colonic mucosa.

A hemagglutination (HA) assay was done for the screening of lectin-like components in surface layer protein (SLP) from Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus A group strains. The new screening method, using polystyrene beads coated with rat-colonic mucin (RCM), which combines sugar chains similar to those of human colonic mucin, was also done. The results showed that the HA assay was not a good indicator for selecting strains having high adhesion to the human intestinal tract. The SLPs from 3 strains that strongly bound to RCM also bound well to carbohydrate portions of Carnoy's-fixed human colonic mucous layer. These results suggest that this method is a new promising screening technique for the L. acidophilus strains having high adhesion to the human intestinal tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Nasopharyngeal natural killer cell lymphoma with pericardial infiltration].

A 77 year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of nasal obstraction on March 1994. Tumorectomy of the nasopharyngeal tumor disclosed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (LSG : diffuse, medium sized). The patient was treated with local radiotherapy to nasopharyngeal region and combined chemotherapy (2 courses of CHOP) to reduce residual tumor. On July, the pericardial effusion appeared and the large granular lymphocyte (LGL) like lymphoma cells were observed in the effusion. Flow cytometic analysis of these cells showed that they expressed CD 2, CD 7, CD 56 and HLA-DR, but did not express CD 3. T-cell receptor gene (TCR beta) rearrangement was not observed and natural killer activity was detected in these lymphoma cells. The patient was treated with ProMACE and the pericardial infusion of methotrexate, carboplatin and prednisolone, but the patient died of heart failure. Monoclonarity of lymphoma cells in the pericardial effusion was determined by southernblot analysis, using the terminal repeat of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) for probe. It was suggested that EBV participated in tumorgenesis in this case.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

BCL-6 gene product, a 92- to 98-kD nuclear phosphoprotein, is highly expressed in germinal center B cells and their neoplastic counterparts.

The BCL-6 gene is known to be located on chromosome 3q27, at the breakpoint of the 3q27-associated translocations that occur frequently in human non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). To identify the BCL-6 protein, two antibodies that recognized distinct domains of this protein were raised in rabbits. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting of lysates of BCL-6-expressing cells using both antibodies showed a broad 92- to 98-kD band. Dephosphorylation of BCL-6 protein reduced the size of this band to 87 kD, suggesting that BCL-6 may be expressed in a phosphorylated form. Immunostaining with both antibodies showed that BCL-6 protein was localized in the nuclei of most of the germinal center B cells and a small number of marginal zone B cells. Furthermore, BCL-6 protein was expressed in follicular, Burkitt's, and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. These results suggest that the BCL-6 protein, expressed in B cells of the germinal centers which are important in the maturation of immune responses, may play some physiological role(s) in the germinal center B cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Proliferative markers in gastric carcinoma and organoid differentiation.

The present study was undertaken to elucidate the relationship between the distribution of potentially proliferative tumor cells and the organoid differentiation of tumor cells in gastric carcinomas. One hundred four specimens of surgically removed human gastric carcinomas, including 68 and 36 specimens of early and advanced carcinomas, respectively, were studied by using a battery of histochemical techniques. Serial 3-microns thick paraffin sections were stained by galactose oxidase-cold thionine Schiff-paradoxical concanavalin A staining (GOCTS-PCS), or were immunostained for pepsinogen types I and II, lysozyme, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). In addition, to identify proliferative tumor cells parts of fresh carcinoma tissues were incubated in a solution containing bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), embedded in paraffin, and immunostained for BrdU. The results indicated that in intramucosal carcinoma tissues showing organoid differentiation the proliferative tumor cells were located predominantly between the covering epithelial cell type tumor cells and the glandular mucous cell type tumor cells, and the disturbance in the distribution of proliferative cells coincided with the submucosal invasion.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1995

Role of micro-chimerism in inducing immunological tolerance by intraportal injection of donor spleen cells in rats.

Recently, we reported that intraportal (IP) injection of donor spleen cells (SPCs) prevented liver allograft rejection. Moreover, we developed a new method using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-mediated restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, and demonstrated micro-chimerism (MC) at the DNA level in the spleen 14 days after IP injection. In the present study, the long-term presence of injected allogeneic SPCs was investigated at the cellular level by immunofluorescence staining as well as the DNA level using RFLP analysis. Male ACI (RT1a) rats were used as the donors and Lewis (RT1(1)) rats as the recipients. After DNA preparation from the lymphoid organs, RT1B beta domain 1 region was amplified by PCR, and RFLP analysis was performed with PvuII restriction enzyme. In the immunofluorescence staining, the monoclonal antibody, MN4-91-6, was used to detect the injected donor ACI SPCs in a frozen specimen. We did not detect MC in Lewis rats intravenously injected with 5 x 10(7) ACI SPCs on day 14. On the other hand, stable chimerism in the spleen was observed in intraportally injected rats up to 28 days after injection at not only the DNA level but also the cellular level. No chimerism was detected in other organs (including the thymus, lymph nodes, and liver). In conclusion, the long-term presence of injected allogeneic SPCs in the spleen was demonstrated after IP injection but not after IV injection, and this phenomenon may be one of the mechanisms involved in portal venous immunosuppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Enhanced production of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) during autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction of systemic sclerosis patients.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by systemic fibrosis and microvascular lesions. As TGF-beta is suggested to be related to skin fibrosis, we examined the production of TGF-beta from peripheral mononuclear cells (MNC) of SSc patients. Since anti-TGF-beta neutralizing antibody improved the defective proliferative response in autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) of SSc patients, TGF-beta was thought to participate in the decreased AMLR of SSc patients. Greater amounts of TGF-beta in the active as well as in the latent forms were produced during AMLR of SSc patients than that of normal subjects. It was suggested that TGF-beta excessively produced from the MNC of SSc patients might play a major role in the fibrosis of the patients during AMLR-like in vivo responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Avellis syndrome in systemic rheumatoid vasculitis].

A 74-year-old man presented sudden onset hoarseness and dysphagia. Two months before this event, he had developed arthralgia of the shoulders, elbows, hands and foot and pleuritis which had been alleviated by a treatment with prednisolone. On admission, the patient could not phonate nor swallow at all. His soft palate was elevated at the right side. The uvula moved left when the patient tried to speak. Laryngoscopic examination revealed the paralysis of right vocal cord. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (79mm/1h), C-reactive protein (5.3mg/dl), rheumatoid factor (310 IU/ml) and Clq-binding immune complex (4.5 micrograms/ml) were elevated. Hepatitis C virus antibody titer was more than 10.8 IU/l. Anti-nuclear antibody was 1:20 (normal < 1:20) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) was positive. Blood study also revealed the evidences of hemolytic anemia and hypoproteinemia. Hepatitis B virus markers, cryoglobulin, anti-ds DNA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-SS-A, anti-SS-B antibodies were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brainstem was normal. A sural nerve biopsy revealed patchy demyelination of the fascicles. The teasing of nerve fibers showed segmental demyelination. Chest X-ray showed the interstitial pneumonia and pleuritis in the right lower lung. Otological examination revealed the bilateral secretory otitis media. A treatment with high dose prednisolone, ciclosporin and cyclophosphamide was partially effective. However we could not continue these medication because of the induction of liver damage. The patient died of multi-organ failure around a year after the emergence of aphonia and dysphagia. The autopsy specimen of the right vagus nerve showed the similar patchy damage of nerve fibers as was observed in the biopsied sural nerve. The present case was diagnosed as systemic rheumatoid vasculitis. The syndrome of aphonia and dysphagia due to paralysis of the unilateral soft palate and vocal cord is called Avellis syndrome. This syndrome has been reported mainly in relation with the infarction of lateral medulla. The present case shows that Avellis syndrome can be produced by mononeuritis of the vagus nerve.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Expression of the thrombospondin receptor (CD36) on the cell surface in megakaryoblastic and promegakaryocytic leukemias: increment of the receptor by megakaryocyte differentiation in vitro.

In this report we describe four cases of acute megakaryocytic leukemia demonstrated by the presence of megakaryocyte-platelet-related cell-surface antigens. These were detected utilizing flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies in addition to both platelet peroxidase activity, which was shown by ultrastractural cytochemistry, and emergence of differentiation antigens, while culturing these leukemic cells. The blasts of one patient possessed both platelet GpIb and GpIIb/IIIa cell-surface antigens detected by AN51(CD42b), J15, P2, and HPL2(CD41), respectively, whereas the remaining three patients almost completely lacked GpIb cell-surface antigen. Hence the former were diagnosed as immature(pro)megakaryocytic leukemia and the latter as acute megakaryoblastic leukemia from the viewpoint of immunophenotypic analysis. While we cultured these leukemic cells in conditioned medium prepared from phytohemagglutinin-stimulated leukocytes and interleukin 3, expression of CD36(OKM5) antigen (thrombospondin receptor) increased gradually according to the differentiation and maturation of these cells. Finally, all leukemic cells differentiated to mature megakaryocytes. The function of CD36 on these cells remains to be elucidated.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1994

Endoscopic resection of early gastric carcinoma: results of a retrospective analysis of 308 cases.

The purpose of this study was to define the indications and limitations of endoscopic resection (ER) of early gastric carcinoma (EGC). Over the 15 year period from 1978 to 1992, 308 early cancers were resected endoscopically either through a single operative intervention or in stages. Of 266 lesions resected in a single step, 222 (85%) entered remission. Forty-four cases had either residual or recurrent lesions. The size, histology and location affected the curability; 89% of Type IIa lesions less than 2 cm were resected curatively, while only 50% of those larger than 2 cm were resected completely. In Type IIc, 83% of lesions less than 1 cm and 57% of those greater than 1 cm were excised completely by ER. In Type IIc, curative ER was possible in 85% of differentiated carcinomas and 43% of undifferentiated carcinomas. The rate of incomplete resection was higher for lesions of the anterior or posterior wall, than for those of the lesser curvature. Semiserial sections of the resected specimens made at 2 mm intervals, indicated that, if the positive margin was confined to one section, cure may be possible by the burning effect. Follow-up showed that there was no single case undergoing endoscopic resection which subsequently died of gastric carcinoma. The lesions that are suitable for ER comprise Type IIa EGC of less than 2 cm in diameter, and Type IIc differentiated adenocarcinoma of less than 1 cm. Lesions in which the entire margin is difficult to observe by front-view endoscopy should be smaller than defined by the above criteria.

Adenocarcinoma↗