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Biomedical subjects

H Okazaki

Publications and source records attributed to H Okazaki.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Pharmacokinetics of FT-207 rectum suppository in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. (I) Pharmacokinetics in single administration at a dose of 1 gram].

In order to use FT-207 rectum suppository for a long-term maintenance chemotherapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, we examined its pharmacokinetics by single administration at a dose of 1 g employing chemical assay. The results were as follows: 1. The blood level of FT-207 showed its peak of 30 mcg/ml at 2 hours after administration, of which half-time was 9 hours. Inter-individual differences were few in changes in the curve. 2. The blood level of 5-FU showed two peaks, 0.25 mcg/ml at 4 hours and 0.017 mcg/ml at 36 hours after administration. There were large inter-individual differences in its alteration. 3. At the time of operation, both FT-207 and 5-FU showed low concentrations in blood. 4. The level of 5-FU in cervical focus was 0.068 mcg/g which was the highest among those in all genital organs, and 2.7 times higher than the level of 5-FU in blood. 5. There was a significantly positive correlation at r = 0.174 (p less than 0.1) between the level of 5-FU in the focus of cervical cancer and the level of FT-207 in blood.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1984

[Pharmacokinetics of FT-207 rectum suppository in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. (II) Pharmacokinetics in continuous administration at a daily dose of 1 gram].

FT-207 rectum suppository at a daily dose of 1 g was repeatedly administered to patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Total doses ranged from 7 to 41 g. The following pharmacokinetic results were obtained in comparison with single administration. The blood level of FT-207 showed its peak of 35 to 37 mcg/ml at 4 hours after administration, of which half-time was 11 to 12 hours. The blood level of 5-FU showed its peak of 0.038 to 0.041 mcg/ml at 2 to 4 hours after administration, of which half time was more than 24 hours. Inter-individual differences were less than those of single administration. The level of FT-207 in tumor tissue was 14.2 mcg/g which was 15 times higher than that single administration. The level in healthy uterine cervix was 18.1 mcg/g which was 12 times higher that of single administration. The level of 5-FU in tumor tissue was 0.359 mcg/g which was 5 times than that of single administration. The level in normal tissue was 0.15 mcg/g which was 3 times higher than that of single administration. The level of 5-FU in tumor tissue was 7.8 to 8.4 times higher than that in blood. There was no difference in concentrations of both FT-207 and 5-FU between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1984

[A comparison of the penetration characteristics of latamoxef and cephalothin into the right atrial appendage and pericardial fluid of adult patients undergoing open-heart surgery].

A comparative study of the serum, atrial muscle, and pericardial fluid concentrations of latamoxef (LMOX) and cephalothin (CET) was performed in 18 adult patients having cardiac surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either a single dose of CET 30 mg/kg, LMOX 30 mg/kg, or LMOX 20 mg/kg. Each drug was administered intravenously soon after anesthetic maintenance was achieved. After each drug administration, serum samples were obtained at various time intervals before, during, and after extracorporeal circulation (ECC), and assayed for CET and LMOX concentration. A sample of pericardial fluid was collected immediately after the pericardium was opened. The right atrial appendage tissue samples were obtained at the time of heart cannulation. The pharmacokinetics and penetration characteristics of each drug were analysed by the method of two-compartment model. Serum concentrations of CET following a single intravenous injection of 30 mg/kg were the high values, 172.4 +/- 35.6 micrograms/ml at 5 minutes, and 92.9 +/- 33.8 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection. The initial (before bypass) half-life was 0.22 +/- 0.11 hour (13.1 minutes) while half-lives during and after ECC were prolonged significantly. In the cases of CET group, the myocardial tissue concentration value of 4.86 micrograms/g was obtained in only 1 case. The mean pericardial fluid concentration was 4.69 +/- 3.35 micrograms/ml at 5 to 30 minutes after injection. Serum concentration of LMOX following a injection of 30 mg/kg were 253.6 +/- 67.4 micrograms/ml at 5 minutes, and 176.3 +/- 64.1 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reversal of transplant rejection by monoclonal antiblast antibody.

The first clinical trial of an antiblast monoclonal antibody, CBL1, in the treatment of kidney allograft rejection is described. The theory that this antibody might destroy active clones of cells without major side effects was given validity by a previously described study showing prolongation of skin allograft survival in rhesus monkeys. CBL1 was used to treat kidney allograft rejections in 11 patients with a one-haplotype-identical related-donor graft who had been prestimulated with donor-specific transfusions and 8 patients with cadaver grafts who had been prestimulated with multiple transfusions. 15 of the rejections were steroid-resistant. Although CBL1 had no effect on the peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, rejections were reversed in 17 of 19 patients. There was 1 graft loss in the 11 recipients of related-donor grafts and 3 in patients with cadaver-donor grafts. Side effects associated with administration of antilymphocyte serum--ie, chills, fever, and thrombocytopenia--did not develop in any of the patients treated with CBL1. It is postulated that administration of an antiblast monoclonal antibody during rejection of a kidney kills only those cells that are reacting against the graft. This could result in the maintenance of normal lymphocyte numbers and immunological functions against other antigens.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Mechanism of action of the antibiotic thiolactomycin inhibition of fatty acid synthesis of Escherichia coli.

Thiolactomycin, an antibiotic with the structure of (4S)-(2E,5E)-2,4,6-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5,7-octatriene-4-thiolide, inhibits the incorporation of [14C]acetate into cellular fatty acids of Escherichia coli. This antibiotic inhibits the fatty acid synthetase system of E. coli. However, the fatty acid synthetases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans and rat liver are insensitive to thiolactomycin. This effect may account for the antibacterial activity of thiolactomycin and for its low toxicity in animals.

Acetates↗
PubMed1983

Syringomesencephalia. Report of a case.

A woman had progressive neurologic deterioration attributed to multiple sclerosis. Ophthalmologic findings were consistent with a unilateral lesion of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. Autopsy disclosed a mesencephalic syrinx and cerebellar atrophy secondary to alcoholism. Syringomesencephalia is distinctly uncommon; this is the third known case to our knowledge.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Poly-adenosine diphosphate ribose autoantibody in systemic lupus erythematosus and other related autoimmune diseases.

The binding activities of poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose (ADPR) and ds-DNA were measured in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other collagen diseases in comparison with normal subjects. High polyADPR binding activity was detected in the SLE sera. The polyADPR binding assay was as sensitive as the DNA binding assay for diagnosing SLE. In SLE sera, the increased polyADPR binding activity was correlated with that of ds-DNA and negatively with the complement (CH50) titer. With improvement of clinical symptoms of SLE, the binding activity of polyADPR decreased in parallel to the binding activity of ds-DNA and opposite to the CH50 titer. The polyADPR binding activity was occasionally high in other collagen diseases. Effects of steroid treatment of SLE on the binding activities of polyADPR and ds-DNA, and CH50 titer were examined over half a year, indicating that both binding activities are reliable parameters for judgment of the clinical course.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of nucleic acid biosynthesis in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells by cyanocycline A.

Cyanocycline A was cytotoxic against Meth A cells in vitro, and also showed marked activity against the same cell line grown as an experimental ascites tumor. This antibiotic inhibited nucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli and Meth A cells. The antimicrobial activity of the antibiotic was reversed by addition of exogenous herring sperm DNA. Cytofluorometric analysis of cyanocycline A-treated Meth A cells showed an unusual pattern of the relative content of DNA and RNA per cell. These results suggested that cyanocycline A binds to DNA, and that it inhibits nucleic acid synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hypothalamic neuronal hamartoma and adenohypophyseal neuronal choristoma: their association with growth hormone adenoma of the pituitary gland.

Hypothalamic neuronal hamartomas and neuronal choristomas of the anterior pituitary are rare lesions; either may be associated with endocrinopathy. We describe a case of each with associated growth hormone-producing pituitary adenomas and clinical acromegaly, both well documented and studied by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. That a functional relationship exists between the neuronal malformation and the pituitary neoplasm remains speculative. We suggest that a growth hormone-releasing factor-like substance may have been elaborated by hypothalamic-type neurons, which, by a trophic effect, may have resulted in the production of an adenohypophyseal neoplasm. Our study supports the concept that secretory neurons, either outside or within the sella, may induce adenomas.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1982

Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase activity and collagen biosynthesis by the anthraquinone glycoside, P-1894B, an inhibitor produced by Streptomyces albogriseolus.

P-1894B, a potent prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor produced by Streptomyces albogriseolus subsp. No. 1894, inhibited about 50% of the activity of purified chick embryo prolyl hydroxylase at a concentration of 2.2 x 10(-6) M. The inhibition was noncompetitive with respect to (Pro-Pro-Gly)5 with a Ki of 1.8 x 10(-6)M. When excess amounts of ferrous ions or ascorbate were added to the reaction mixture, the inhibition was slightly reversed. P-1894B at a dose of 0.15 mg/kg reduced the hydroxylation of peptidyl proline and caused a significant inhibition of collagen biosynthesis in the uterus of the immature rat stimulated by the administration of estradiol-17 beta.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Central neurogenic hyperventilation in an awake patient with brainstem astrocytoma.

A patient had the rare combination of central neurogenic hyperventilation (PaCO2 of 9 torr) and a normal level of consciousness for eight days. Morphine attenuated but never corrected the hyperventilation. Experimental effects of hypocapnia, which decreases both cerebral blood flow and metabolism in humans, are at odds with the normal mentation initially seen in this patient despite her marked and persistent hypocapnia. Death occurred after progressive brainstem dysfunction. Pathological study showed a well-differentiated astrocytoma involving primarily the medulla and pons, with scattered tumor foci throughout the entire neuraxis. Possible mechanisms for central neurogenic hyperventilation are discussed briefly in relation to the pathological findings and the observed response to morphine.

Arteries↗