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Biomedical subjects

H Okawa

Publications and source records attributed to H Okawa.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Cytoplasmic CD3 antigen and T cell receptor gene rearrangement in surface CD3 negative T cell malignancy.

In the present study, it was our intention to further the characterization of the neoplastic cells at the early stage of the T lineage, which were defined as those which bore pan-T marker(s) (CD2, CD5 and CD7) but not CD3 antigen on the surface. We studied six such cases of leukemia and two such cases of lymphoma for their phenotypes including cytoplasmic CD3 detected with flow cytometry and for the rearrangement of T cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes. The cytoplasmic expression of CD3 antigen in adult thymic cells was also studied. CD7 was expressed in seven cases, the exception being one presumably of B lineage, and rearrangements of T cell receptor gene were detected in five cases. Four cases out of these five genotypic T neoplasms had surface phenotypes compatible with the stage of thymic cells and, interestingly, they all displayed CD3 in the cytoplasm. With regard to normal cells, cytoplasmic CD3 was shown to be present only in a small population of surface CD3 negative thymic cells. These malignant cells, therefore, may have originated from such cells. The exact origins of the two cases bearing pan-T marker(s) with no rearrangement of the T cell receptor gene has not yet been determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Immunoregulatory function and expression of OKT17 antigen of adult T-cell leukemia cells.

Research was carried out on neoplastic T-cells taken from 10 cases of Japanese adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) in regard to their immunoregulatory activity on pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-driven immunoglobulin (Ig) production and their differentiation antigens. ATL cells were reactive with OKT3, OKT4 and OKT11 in most cases; however, the ATL cells from one case did not react with OKT11 nor formed E-rosettes. ATL cells of three cases were reactive with OKT8 as well as OKT4. In six cases, the ATL cells were reactive with OKT17 and coincidentally displayed suppressor activity on Ig production. The cells of the remaining four cases did not have such reactivity with OKT17 or suppressor activity. Moreover, the OKT17(+) ATL cells from one case sorted by FACS 440 demonstrated suppressor activity, while the OKT17(-) ATL cells did not. These results indicated that ATL cells with suppressor activity had OKT3(+), OKT4(+), OKT17(+) phenotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immunoregulatory functions of neoplastic lymphoid cells and their humoral products.

The immunologic functions of neoplastic lymphoid cells from 57 cases of lymphocytic leukemia or malignant lymphoma were examined in vitro where cells from 16 cases demonstrated regulatory functions in immunoglobulin production: 4 with helper activity, 8 with suppressor activity, 1 with presuppressor activity, and 3 with helper-inducer activity. The neoplastic lymphoid cells with such functions did not necessarily form E-rosettes, but because of the presence of human T-cell antigens, most of them appeared to be of the T-cell lineage. These regulatory functions were proven to be mediated by the humoral factor, at least in some of the cases tested. Neoplastic lymphoid cells from all 6 cases with Fc receptors showed antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, but lacked natural killer activity. These studies should provide further insight into the origin of the neoplastic cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of extramedullary tumors in a case of Ph-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia: possible involvement of immature T lymphocytes.

A 42-year-old male with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) developed acute transformation associated with subcutaneous tumors. Histopathologic examinations of the tumors were done on two occasions; the first study revealed reticulum cell sarcoma-like features, and the second suggested a blastoma. Chromosomal analysis showed that the cells of the tumors originated from the CML clone. The cells had a negative reaction for myeloperoxidase by electron microscopy. Furthermore, biochemical and surface marker studies revealed that the tumor cells contained a significant terminal transferase activity. However, they did not express E- or EAC-rosette receptors, Ia-like antigens, or common ALL antigens.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[A case of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach preoperatively diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy].

A 53-year-old complained of upper abdominal pain. A diagnosis of Borrmann III type gastric cancer in the posterior part of the corpus region was made by X-ray and endoscopy, and primary adenosquamous carcinoma was preoperatively diagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. Subtotal gastrectomy was performed. The part of the adenocarcinoma adjacent to squamous-cell carcinoma was poorly differentiated. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach is rare. Furthermore, preoperative diagnosis by endoscopic biopsy is extremely unusual, having been reported in 7 cases in Japan including ours. And in 5 cases out of 6, region of the adenocarcinoma was the poorly differentiated type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

A case report of T-cell lymphoma with suppressor phenotype and helper function for immunoglobulin synthesis.

A patient with T-cell lymphoma is presented. The morphologic features of a biopsied lymph node were consistent with adult T-cell lymphoma with hypergammaglobulinemia, and most of the lymph node cells were reactive with monoclonal antibody OKT8, which detects suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, in a pokeweed mitogen-driven test system in which the capability of T lymphocytes to help or suppress the differentiation of B lymphocytes is measured, the lymphoma cells induced immunoglobulin synthesis of B lymphocytes, thus providing helper function. As far as we know, this is the first report on T-cell lymphoma having suppressor phenotype and helper function for immunoglobulin synthesis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Suppressor T cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia associated with red cell hypoplasia.

A case of T cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) with red cell hypoplasia and neutropenia is reported. WBC was 10.0 X 10(9)/l with 78% being T lymphocytes. These T lymphocytes were positive for Fc gamma receptor and had OKT8 and Leu 2a antigens on the cell surfaces. They suppressed both erythroid and granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in normal bone marrow cultures and suppressed immunoglobulin production by normal B lymphocytes in vitro. Though the myeloid cells were preserved in the bone marrow and the values of serum immunoglobulins were within normal limits, it can be estimated from these results that red cell hypoplasia and neutropenia were partially due to the suppression of haemopoietic precursor cells by leukaemic T lymphocytes.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[A case of multicentric early carcinoma of the stomach--preoperative diagnosis].

A 59-year-old man was admitted complaining of substernal pain and anorexia. Upper GI series revealed a benign gastric ulcer in the posterior wall, and gastrofiberscopy was done. Besides the benign lesion, two early carcinomas of type IIc were found. Biopsy specimens of both lesions showed malignancy and gastrectomy was performed. Histological investigation revealed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in the anterior wall and well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma in the posterior wall. Both lesions were absolutely independent and isolated. In most instances, multicentric or multiple early gastric carcinomas manifest similar histological features, but in our case, the lesions were of different types.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Natural killer activity of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission.

We examined the natural killer (NK) activity of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission by using several methods, including a newly established single cell assay. HNK-1 antigen-positive cells, which are now considered to assume NK activity, were not decreased in the patients, although the NK activity of the patients was found to be depressed. Neither monocyte depletion nor the addition of interferon-alpha improved the decreased NK activity of the patients. According to the results of the single cell assay, conjugate-forming cells (effector cells that form conjugates with target cells), lytic conjugate-forming cells (fractions of conjugate-forming cells that actually go on to kill target cells) and the recycling activity of NK cells were all decreased in the patients. Thus, it is apparent that there were defects in several steps of NK activity in the patients. The NK activity of 19 patients was further studied successively to investigate the correlation between NK activity and clinical course. The longest observation period was 38 months. Six bone marrow relapses of leukemia occurred, but the NK activity of these patients at the time of relapse or at the previous test was not necessarily depressed as compared to that of the other patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Neoplastic lesions in streptozotocin-treated rats.

Pathological examination was carried out on 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats received single i. v. injection of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin (SZ) at 5 weeks of age and maintained for 22 months. Insulinoma (63%), renal adenoma (50%), hepatocellular tumor (69%), cholangioma (31%) and Leydig cell tumor (56%) were found in a high incidence, and therefore occurrence of these tumors was considered to be attributable to the treatment with SZ. In addition to these tumors, though in a low incidence, various such tumors as leukemia, reticulum cell sarcoma, mammary tumor and glioma were also found.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Intra-operative irradiation of solid tumors in children].

For the purpose of getting better therapeutic ratio of radiation therapy, an intra-operative irradiation was scheduled and attempted. The advantages of this modality are 1) only the target area is irradiated under the direct vision, 2) unnecessary area is not irradiated due to the selected field and selected electron beam energy, and 3) repeated fractionated irradiation are not necessary and an intensive post-operative chemotherapy can be started earlier. Electron beams of betatron are used according to the necessary depth of tumor volume: usually 8 or 10 MeV are used. The irradiation fields changed by the plastic treatment cones 4 cm to 12 cm in diameter according to the necessary tumor field. One of the biggest problems in an actual attempt of intraoperative irradiation was the determination of a single radiation dose. Actual time-dose relationship of the cured cases of Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma was investigated by world literature. The single doses for 2 years old patients were calculated from Ellis' formula. They were 9.4-11.8 Gy for Wilms' tumor and 6.5-12.2 Gy for neuroblastoma. Consequently, the single dose was started from 10 Gy and increased up to 15 Gy at the present time. External irradiation was scheduled for supplement if necessary. The details of irradiation on 5 cases were discussed. The clinical evaluation of this treatment method will take time, and many problems remain to be solved clinically and experimentally, such as the radiation effect and side effect of a large single dose.

Adolescent↗