Biomedical subjects

H Okamura

Publications and source records attributed to H Okamura.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale.

This paper describes a study of the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of the mental adjustment to cancer (MAC) scale developed in England. The scale was completed by 455 Japanese cancer patients. The internal consistency was similar to that of the original version (Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the subscales ranged from 0.60 to 0.78) and the Japanese version had moderate to moderately high stability (correlation coefficients were above 0.64). Correlations between the MAC scale score and emotional states measured by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) indicated the concurrent validity. The results suggest that the Japanese version, like the original MAC scale, is a reliable and valid clinical research tool in Japan.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Virus associated adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) in Japan: clinical, histological and immunological studies.

Virus associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), which includes both adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and its non-leukemic counterpart (NLATL) was studied clinically, histologically, and immunologically. The disease usually occurred in the sixth decade in both sexes equally. The patients had a rapid clinical course with frequent leukemic changes, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and occasional skin rash. Bone marrow involvement with mild infiltration and hypercalcemia were more frequent in ATL than in NLATL. Histologically the disease was categorized as malignant lymphoma, diffuse pleomorphic type with cerebriform nuclear giant cells. The lymphoma was characterized by diffuse proliferation of tumor cells with irregular nuclear configurations, varying in size and shape, and the presence of giant cells with highly convoluted cerebriform nuclei. The giant cells seemed to be a diagnostic marker. Immunologically, the tumor cells usually possessed the surface antigens recognized by OKT 3, 4, Leu 8 and anti-Tac antibodies, indicating that they were lymphomas of helper/inducer peripheral T-cells with the receptor for interleukin 2, but they demonstrated no helper/inducer functions. The patients often died of opportunistic infections due to T-cell dysfunction caused by the disease itself and strong chemotherapy.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Dynamic MR imaging of recurrent postoperative cervical cancer.

The value of dynamic-contrast enhanced MR imaging using FLASH technique was studied in 13 patients with postoperative recurrent cervical cancer verified histopathology and in 9 patients without recurrence. Dynamic FLASH imaging and conventional spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted sequences were compared in a prospective fashion with regard to accuracy of the diagnosis of recurrent tumor using biopsy results as the gold standard. The contrast between the recurrent tumor and the surrounding pelvic tissues was also analyzed. The accuracy of depicting recurrent tumor or dynamic images (82%) was superior to that of pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images (64%, 68%, and 64%, respectively). The contrast between the recurrent tumor and pelvic fat was greater on precontrast T1-weighted and dynamic images than on T2-weighted and postcontrast T1-weighted images. The dynamic images clearly showed involvement of the surrounding pelvic organs, because enhancement was observed exclusively in the tumor in the early dynamic phase. Accuracy regarding involvement of the urinary bladder or rectal wall on pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted images and T2-weighted images was lower than that on the dynamic images. Dynamic MR imaging has potential for use in the detection and evaluation of the extent of recurrent postoperative cervical cancer.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The value of detection of flow voids between the uterus and the leiomyoma with MRI.

Flow voids are occasionally seen between the uterus and the leiomyoma. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of this sign and its relation to tumor size and location, internal signal intensity of the leiomyomas, and the ease of detectability using different MR sequences. Also, to understand the pathologic causes for the phenomenon of flow voids. The MR images of the pelvis in 92 females with 359 uterine leiomyomas were analyzed. Flow voids located between the uterus and the leiomyomas were seen in 32 lesions on T1-weighted images and in 12 on T2-weighted images. Flow void was seen exclusively in leiomyomas of 3-cm diameter or larger. In five pedunculated subserous leiomyomas, flow voids were seen within the pedicle of the tumor. Large leiomyomas and leiomyomas with irregular signal intensity on T2-weighted images showed significantly greater frequency of signal void than other leiomyomas (P < .01). The sign was not seen in any other pelvic tumors. On pathologic evaluation, the flow voids were found to correspond to dilated feeding arteries located outside the capsule of the leiomyoma.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Participation in psychosocial group intervention among Japanese women with primary breast cancer and its associated factors.

Though psychosocial group intervention is considered in the West to be an important source of support for reducing psychosocial distress in cancer patients, in Asian countries, there has been no research as yet on the needs for such intervention. This study investigated the level of participation and interest in psychosocial group intervention plus any associated factors in 151 primary breast cancer patients. All were less than 65 years old at 4-18 months post-surgery. Of the 126 subjects who responded (response rate 83%), 53 (42%) participated (participants) and 73 (58%) did not (non-participants). Participation was greater among those with a high level of anxiety measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (odds ratio [OR], 3.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-10.42), those who had undergone surgery within the last 12 months (OR, 3.10; 95% CI, 1.35-7.55), and those who were 50-65 years old (OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.33-7.66). Among the non-participants, 53 (73%) were interested in the intervention while 20 (27%) were not. Non-participants without any interest in the psychosocial group intervention had significantly higher anxiety levels than those with interest (t=-2.08; df=71; p=0.03). These results suggest that most Japanese breast cancer patients who need psychological support can be sought out by asking whether they are willing to participate in a psychosocial group intervention. However, the minority not interested in any psychological group intervention might need other supports such as medication or individual psychotherapy.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Balloon-occluded arterial infusion therapy in the treatment of primary and recurrent gynecologic malignancies.

Balloon-occluded arterial infusion (BOAI) of bilateral internal iliac arteries produces high drug concentration as well as increased arterial flow of pelvic organs. Twenty-seven patients with primary and locally recurrent gynecologic malignancies were treated with BOAI of cisplatinum. Six of 10 patients with primary advanced uterine cancer and 5 of 11 patients with recurrent cancer showed clinical response. In 6 patients, BOAI was performed as an adjuvant therapy to radiation or other chemotherapy. Toxicity was similar to that seen with systemic treatment using cisplatinum, but its frequency and degree were less severe.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sudden increase of plasma fibrinopeptide A levels after induced abortion.

Plasma fibrinopeptide A levels were studied before and after abortion induced during the first trimester of pregnancy. Fibrinopeptide A levels were significantly increased 15 min after the induced abortion, and returned to preoperative values 2h later. This finding suggests that thrombotic activity is transiently increased immediately after the induced abortion. Activation of the clotting factors during the induced abortion appears to be important in controlling uterine hemorrhage.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Increase of plasma tissue-plasminogen activator antigen levels after induced abortion.

We previously reported that plasma thrombotic activity is transiently increased immediately after induced abortion. However, changes in the fibrinolytic system have not yet been studied. Plasma tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen levels were studied before and after abortion induced during the first trimester of pregnancy. Compared with the preoperative level (1.68 +/- 0.15 ng/ml), t-PA level was significantly increased (2.78 +/- 0.55 ng/ml, p less than 0.01) 15 min after the induced abortion, while it almost returned to the preoperative values (2.09 +/- 0.40 ng/ml) 2h later. This finding suggests that fibrinolytic activity is transiently increased immediately after the induced abortion, acting as a defense mechanism against thrombosis.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst: a rare case showing the characteristic imaging feature of milk of calcium.

Bronchogenic cysts are rare congenital anomalies of the primitive foregut that are usually found above the diaphragm, and a retroperitoneal location is extremely unusual. Due to the low prevalence of these pathologies, their imaging features have seldom been described. We report a rare case of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst showing characteristic imaging features of milk of calcium on plain abdominal radiography and computed tomography.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Struma ovarii: MR appearances.

BACKGROUND: Analysis of unenhanced and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images of struma ovarii, a rare benign neoplasm of the ovary, is the aim of this study. METHODS: T2-weighted and Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1-weighted MR images of five histologically proven struma ovarii were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: In all patients, unenhanced and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images showed complex cystic masses composed of multiple cysts and a solid component, indicating the presence of large and small thyroid follicles. In four patients, the cyst fluid was hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. In one patient, the fluid was hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images due to hemorrhage. CONCLUSION: A complex mass composed of multiple cysts and a solid component, indicating the presence of large and small thyroid follicles, appeared to be a characteristic MR finding of struma ovarii.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of estrogen receptor and cell division in genital tracts of male mice by neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol.

Estrogen receptor (ER) and ER mRNA expression and cell division induced by neonatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in male C57BL/Tw mouse genital organs were studied using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and cell counting at metaphase. A single injection of 3 micrograms DES on the day of birth induced ER in both epithelial (E) and stromal (S) cells of the epididymis and the seminal vesicles, in E cells of the ductus deferens, and in S cells of the ductus efferens and the anterior prostate 24 h after the injection. After 5 daily injections of DES, ER was induced in S cells of the ventral prostrate at 5 days of age. The staining intensity of ER increased in E cells of the epididymis and the ductus efferens at 5 days. A single injection of DES induced ER mRNA in both E and S cells of the ductus efferens, the caput epididymis, and the ductus deferens 4 to 12 h after injection of the newborn mice. A single injection of DES stimulated cell division of both E and S cells in the ductus deferens and the epididymis; cell division of S cells of the ductus efferens, the anterior prostate, and the urethra was stimulated 24 h after the injection. After 5 daily injections of DES, cell division was stimulated significantly in E and S cells of the epididymis, the ductus deferens, and the ventral prostate, and in S cells of the seminal vesicle at 5 days. At 30 days of age, mitotic rates were significantly higher in E cells of the seminal vesicles and the epididymides of mice given 5 daily injections of DES.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Androgens↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Unruptured interstitial pregnancy: a pitfall of MR imaging.

We report two cases with interstitial pregnancy, which showed completely different MR appearances. In case 1, a gestational sac was demonstrated and the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was straightforward. In case 2, a hypervascular mass was shown without demonstration of a gestational sac, the findings usually seen in gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). MR imaging may play some role in the diagnosis of interstitial pregnancy when sonography is insufficient or equivocal. If GS is visualized, diagnosis is easy. However, if not, the appearance may have a spectrum and can be similar to GTD.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of atypical polypoid adenomyoma.

The magnetic resonance (MR) appearances of three cases of atypical polypoid adenomyoma are reported. The signal intensity of the tumor was similar to that of adenomyosis on T2-weighted MR Imaging (MRI). On contrast-enhanced study, irregular enhancement was seen in hyperintense areas on T2-weighted images. Atypical polypoid adenomyoma can be characterized as a hypointense polypoid mass with hyperintense foci on T2-weighted MR images, resembling the appearance of adenomyosis.

Adenomyoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Invasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: MR imaging.

The detection of adenocarcinoma of the cervix is difficult in clinical examination, leading to poor prognoses. We evaluated MR appearances of 23 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cervix and appearances of 65 patients with cervical SCCs were also evaluated for comparison. Both T2-weighted spin echo, dynamic and postcontrast Gd-DTPA enhanced techniques were obtained at a 1.5 Tesla MR unit. The results of our study showed that adenocarcinoma of the cervix have MR imaging features which may permit distinction from SCCs which include: large tumors with preservation of endocervical epithelium, lesser contrast enhancement, and greater enhancement of the tumor periphery. Understaging may be more problematic with adenocarcinoma than SCC.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clear cell sarcoma arising in the retroperitoneum.

Clear cell sarcoma is a rare soft-tissue neoplasm, arising most commonly in the tendons and aponeuroses of young adults. We report here the first female case of clear cell sarcoma arising in the retroperitoneum with clinical features similar to those of malignant ovarian tumors. Aspects of clinical presentation, histopathologic evaluation, and treatment are described.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A case of metastatic malignant hemangiopericytoma of the ovary: recurrence after a period of 17 years from intracranial tumor.

Hemangiopericytoma is an uncommon vascular tumor. Primary or metastatic hemangiopericytoma of the ovary is extremely rare. A 48-year-old Japanese woman had a tumor in the neck. Simultaneously, a solid ovarian tumor was detected. She had received treatment for intracranial hemangiopericytoma 17 years previously. For the ovarian tumor, she underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The left ovarian tumor weighed 1510 g and its cut surface was solid without areas of hemorrhage or necrosis. It was microscopically composed of tightly packed tumor cells outside of many vascular vessels. One or two mitotic figures were counted per 10 high power fields. Immunohistochemically, vimentin was expressed but factor-VIII-related antigen, CD 31, and CD 34 were not expressed in the tumor cells. Electron microscopy showed that the tumor cells were grown outside of the endothelium-lined vascular spaces. A discontinuous external basal lamina was also observed. We present a case of metastatic malignant hemangiopericytoma of the ovary from a primary intracranial hemangiopericytoma with a long interval of 17 years.

Biopsy, Needle↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Successful treatment of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia by local irradiation.

We report an 85-year-old man presenting with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD) of the palatine tonsil with cervical and axillary lymph node enlargement, pleural effusion and hypergammaglobulinemia. The patient was treated in Internal Medicine with combined chemotherapy with steroids which resulted in a complete remission. However, he returned almost 1 year later with an ulcerative lesion in the left palatine tonsil, with no lymph node involvement. Considering that the patient was an elderly person, chemotherapy had been administered during the initial admission, tumor cells appeared to originate from T cells and relapse occurred only in the local lesion, the lesion was treated by local irradiation using 60Co at a dose of 40 Gy, which produced a complete resolution. Radiotherapy appeared to be effective for the treatment of localized lesions of AILD.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral parotid gland basal cell adenomas. Case report.

We report a 65-year-old female with basal cell adenomas arising in the left and right parotid glands and review the literature. Diagnosis was based on clinical features, ultrasonographic and CT findings as well as histopathological examination. Parotid tumours usually arise on one side and bilateral occurrence is rare, accounting for 1-3% of all parotid tumours. Most bilateral parotid tumours are Warthin's tumours and pleomorphic adenomas, and bilateral basal cell adenomas of the parotid glands are very rare and only 5 cases including ours have been reported. The exact mechanisms contributing to the development of bilateral parotid tumours remain unknown. We speculate on the involvement of environmental and genetic factors since the histological features of both parotid tumours are identical in most cases.

Adenoma↗