Electron microscopic study of the gonadal development in early human embryos.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Embryonic and Fetal Development↗
Biomedical subjects
H Okamura
Publications and source records attributed to H Okamura.
Macrophages in human chorionic villi.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Chorionic Villi↗
Morphological observations on ovulation.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
[Basic studies on optimal intra-arterial infusion rate of cisplatin].
The relationship between platinum concentration in tissues, free CDDP concentration in plasma and infusion rate was investigated in order to determine the optimal intra-arterial infusion rate of CDDP for chemotherapy of cervical carcinoma. Platinum concentrations in uterus were in the same level in the intravenous infusion groups independent of the infusion rate. In the intra-arterial infusion groups, platinum concentrations in the uterus increased as the infusion rate decreased from 24 to 0.8 mg/hr, although Cmax and AUC were decreased. Platinum concentrations in the ovary supplied by another artery were not influenced by the intra-arterial infusion rate. It is suggested that uptake of CDDP in the targeted tissues can be increased by control of intra-arterial infusion rate.
Animals↗
L-dopa-immunoreactive neurons in the rat hypothalamic tuberal region.
The presence of L-DOPA-immunoreactivity is reported for the first time in the rat hypothalamic tuberal region. L-DOPA-immunoreactive neurons were demonstrated to be present in the ventrolateral part of the arcuate nucleus and periarcuate region just dorsal to the ventral surface of the brain (VLAR/PA). Weakly L-DOPA-immunostained neurons were found in the dorsomedial part of the arcuate nucleus and its neighboring periventricular nucleus (DMAR/PV). In contrast, dopamine (DA)-immunoreactive neurons were detected only in the DMAR/PV. These findings suggest that L-DOPA exists not only as a precursor of DA in neurons of the DMAR/PV, but also as an end-product in cells of the VLAR/PA.
Animals↗
Endogenous L-dopa, its immunoreactivity in neurons of midbrain and its projection fields in the cat.
L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) immunoreactivity was demonstrated in neurons of the cat ventral midbrain and its projection areas, using an immunohistochemical method in conjunction with a newly developed highly specific anti-L-DOPA serum. L-DOPA-immunoreactive (IR) neurons were found in the substantia nigra, retrorubral area and ventral tegmental area of Tsai. L-DOPA-labeled fibers and terminals were hardly detectable in the nigrostriatal pathway and in the caudate nucleus which showed very intense dopamine-immunoreactivity. In contrast, many short labeled processes were detectable in the central amygdala and, although very few in number, in the entorhinal cortex.
Animals↗
Comparative topography of dopamine- and tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactive neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus.
The distribution of dopamine (DA)-immunoreactive (IR) cells is described in the rat arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and its adjacent areas and compared with that of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-IR cells. Small DA-IR cells were seen to be aggregated mainly in the dorsomedial part of the nucleus, but were hardly detectable in its ventrolateral portion and neighbouring periarcuate region which showed many larger TH-IR cells. This study reveals, for the first time, the differences in the respective topography of those neurons which actually contain detectable DA and those which contain TH, the initial synthesizing enzyme of catecholamine.
Animals↗
Increase of histidine decarboxylase activity in murine myelomonocytic leukemia cells (WEHI-3B) in parallel to their differentiation into macrophages.
When cells of mouse myelomonocytic leukemia cell line, WEHI-3B, were cultured in the presence of actinomycin D plus the serum which was obtained from mice injected with bacterial endotoxin, i.e., lipopolysaccharide, their histidine decarboxylase (L-histidine carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.22) (HDC) activity increased about 100-fold with a peak at 48 h. According to the increase in HDC activity, the expression of surface antigens associated with macrophages, such as Mac II, Mac III and Iad, increased markedly on WEHI-3B cells as well as their morphological changes to macrophages. Histamine levels in the culture medium increased concomitantly with the increase in the HDC activity in WEHI-3B cells, whereas the histamine contents inside the cells did not increase remarkably. Furthermore, the addition of lipopolysaccharide to the culture medium caused an additional 2-fold increase in the HDC activity of WEHI-3B cells. These results indicate that the increase in HDC activity in WEHI-3B cells may represent an event in the process of the differentiation to macrophages.
Animals↗
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptors are present in brown adipose tissue.
Binding activities and metabolic effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were examined in rat brown fat. ANP binding sites were identified in thin sections of brown adipose. Binding of [125I]-ANP to brown fat membranes was specific, saturable and time-dependent. A single class of high affinity sites (Kd, 1.7 nM; Bmax, 226 fmol/mg protein) was present. ANP increased cGMP synthesis in isolated cells (EC50, 2.5 x 10(-9) M), but did not alter epinephrine-stimulated glycerol production. The results demonstrate the presence of specific ANP receptors in brown fat, activation of which increases cGMP formation; however, since neither ANP nor cGMP affect lipolysis, the biological importance of these receptors remains unknown.
Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
Immunocytochemical demonstration of dynorphin(PH-8P)-like immunoreactive elements in the human hypothalamus.
PH-8P (dynorphin[1-8])-like immunoreactive neuronal perikarya, processes, and terminals located within the human hypothalamus were investigated by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) immunocytochemical procedure. Immunopositive neurons were distributed throughout the hypothalamus. The distributional pattern was found to be similar to that in other mammalian species by the use of antisera against dynorphin. A large number of immunoreactive neuronal perikarya were detected in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and the magnocellular portion of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Their processes appeared to project to the posterior pituitary via the internal layer of the median eminence and their distribution seemed to be less dense than in other mammalian species. PH-8P and vasopressin were colocalized in the neuronal perikarya in the human SON unlike the colocalization of these peptides in the rat SON and PVN. There were a few immunoreactive terminals in the external layer of the median eminence; their immunoreactive substances may be released into the portal veins to act on anterior pituitary cells. In addition, PH-8P-like immunoreactive neurons in the human hypothalamus may project to the extrahypothalamic area.
Dynorphins↗
Colocalization of GABA and [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 in the rat cerebellum.
The distribution of [Met]enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8-like immunoreactivity (MEAGL-LI) in the rat cerebellum was investigated by peroxidase anti-peroxidase immunocytochemistry using specific antiserum against MEAGL. MEAGL-LI positive neuronal perikarya were distributed in the granular layer, and they seemed to correspond to Golgi cells from their size and location. In addition, diffusely and weakly stained neuronal perikarya were also observed in the molecular layer. Immunoreactive fibers and terminals were found in the granular layer. Furthermore, examination of serial frozen sections (4-6 micron in thickness) from rats pretreated with colchicine clarified the colocalization of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and MEAGL in Golgi cells but not in the stellate cells.
Animals↗
Cloning and expression of the rat prolactin receptor, a member of the growth hormone/prolactin receptor gene family.
The primary structure of the rat liver prolactin receptor has been deduced from a single complementary DNA clone. The sequence begins with a putative 19 amino acid signal peptide followed by the 291 amino acid receptor that includes a single 24 amino acid transmembrane segment. In spite of the fact that the prolactin receptor has a much shorter cytoplasmic region than the growth hormone receptor, there is strong localized sequence identity between these two receptors in both the extracellular and cytoplasmic domains, suggesting that the two receptors originated from a common ancestor.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Fine structure of NPY-containing neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus and their terminals in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat.
Fine structures of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactive neuronal perikarya in the lateral geniculate nucleus and their terminals in the suprachiasmatic nucleus were investigated by peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemistry using male Wistar rats. NPY-like immunoreactive preterminal axons form both axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synapses on the neurons mainly located in the ventral portion of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Almost all of them appeared as symmetrical synapses. Immunoreactive neuronal perikarya in the lateral geniculate nucleus show good development of cell organelles such as rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. NPY-like immunoreactivity was distributed throughout the perikarya. The functional role of NPY-like immunoreactive terminals in the suprachiasmatic nucleus were briefly discussed.
Animals↗
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma originating in the paranasal sinus.
A case of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) occurred in a 60-year-old woman who had a disturbance of right eye movement and visual acuity. She was born and lived in southwest Japan, an endemic area of ATLL. Rhinoscopic and roentgenologic examinations revealed a mass in the ethmoidal and sphenoidal sinuses. Histologic examination showed a diffuse lymphoma (a medium cell type with T-cell properties). The ATL (adult T-cell leukemia) cells (abnormal multi-lobed lymphocytes) were found in the peripheral blood. Human T-cell leukemia virus type I antibody was found to be 320 times positive. Based on the above findings, the patient's condition was diagnosed as ATLL, and she was treated by chemotherapy. However, the patient died due to general prostration seven months after the onset of the disease. The literature on this disease is summarized.
Ethmoid Sinus↗
Acute glomerulonephritis during the third trimester of pregnancy.
We report a very rare case of acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) occurring in the eighth gestational month. The pregnancy succeeded despite initially severe nephrotic syndrome, and after delivery there was a complete recovery to normal renal function. Fetal prognosis was also good. The diagnosis of PSGN was made based on serological examinations and postpartum renal biopsy. Light and electron microscopic findings showed that the glomerular lesions were different from those of typical pre-eclampsia.
Acute Disease↗
Rat ovarian prostaglandin levels and ovulation as indicators of the strength of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Immature Wistar rats were treated with pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin to induce ovulation. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs indomethacin, diclofenac, flurbiprofen, and phenylbutazone inhibited both the ovulation rate and the normal increase in ovarian prostaglandin E during ovulation. Tolmetin, ibuprofen, and aspirin did not have any significant effect. There was a significant correlation between the ovulation rate and the level of ovarian prostaglandin E following treatment with these drugs. When indomethacin was given in graded doses, there was also a correlation between ovulation rate and the dose-dependent inhibition of ovarian prostaglandin E.
Animals↗
Effects of pregnancy and hormone treatments on pressor response to angiotensin II in conscious rats.
Pressor responses to graded doses of angiotensin II in conscious rats were significantly reduced on days 13 and 19 of pregnancy compared with those in nonpregnant rats. To study the hormonal regulation of this altered pressor response to angiotensin II during pregnancy, we administered estradiol, progesterone, and human chorionic gonadotropin to nonpregnant rats. In ovariectomized rats no effect of estradiol on the pressor response to angiotensin II was found, but injections of progesterone with or without estradiol pretreatment significantly reduced the pressor response to angiotensin II. In intact rats human chorionic gonadotropin induced elevation of endogenous progesterone levels, followed by a significant decrease in the pressor response to angiotensin II. Injection of estradiol after human chorionic gonadotropin pretreatment produced a significant elevation in the pressor response to angiotensin II. These findings indicate that the decrease in angiotensin pressor response in pregnant rats is mediated mainly by progesterone rather than by estrogen.
Angiotensin II↗
Microsurgical transposition of the human fallopian tube: report of a successful case of pregnancy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗