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Biomedical subjects

H Okada

Publications and source records attributed to H Okada.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[A case of small cell lung cancer that developed during therapy for myasthenia gravis].

A 56-year-old man had been complaining of progressive proximal muscle weakness and bilateral ptosis before his first admission to our hospital. He received an injection of edrophonium chloride, which resulted in remarkable improvement of muscle strength. Electromyographic studies revealed a compound muscle action potential that decreased after repetitive stimulation at a high rate (15 Hz). He was regarded as having myasthenia gravis (MG) rather than Eaton-Lambert syndrome because of these findings. Eighteen months after successful treatment of MG with oral anticholinesterase medication, he complained of an abdominal mass. The mass was found to be a tumor that had metastasized from a primary small cell carcinoma of the lung. Cases of MG with small cell carcinoma of the lung seem to be very rare, and the details of the relationship between them remain unknown. In this patient, MG may have developed by paraneoplastic mechanisms. This hypothesis is interesting, since it has been demonstrated recently by molecular biological techniques that small cell carcinomas of the lung express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1995

[Treatment of recurrent uterine endometrial cancer in adjuvant therapy with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in addition of etoposide].

In recent years, we treated recurrent uterine endometrial cancer by combined therapy including CDDP. But in poor cases, like renal failure and such, it is difficult to perform the therapy. Two cases of recurrent uterine endometrial cancer treated earlier with MPA were presently treated with an addition of etoposide. The first case was given etoposide (50 mg/m2/day 4 times for 21 days by oral administration). The target tumor mass was reduced in size, occult blood vanished, and the tumor marker was reduced. The other case was treated with etoposide, 50 mg/body/day for 21 days by oral administration, but because of diarrhea, the dose had to be decreased to 25 mg/body/day every day. The tumor marker was reduced and genital bleeding vanished. These cases suggested that etoposide-MPA combined therapy might be effective for recurrent uterine endometrial cancer of well-differentiated type.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Changes in intraoperative and postoperative colloid oncotic pressure after open heart surgery especially in relation to non-blood priming or blood priming].

In order to evaluate the colloid oncotic pressure (COP) is useful index of hemodynamics and respiratory recovery after open heart surgery, cardiac index (CI), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), (A-a) Do2 and COP were measured in 34 patients during 48 hours after the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The patients were divided into non-blood priming group: 11 patients and blood priming group (23 patients). In addition, blood priming group divided into two groups, one with dopamine (more than 15 micrograms/kg/min), epinephrine or intraaortic balloon pumping (severe blood subgroup, n = 6) and the other without these treatments after open heart surgery (slight blood subgroup n = 17). The COP levels in the non-blood priming group were significantly higher than those in the blood priming group from aortic cross-clamp to 10 minutes after aortic declamping (p < 0.01). From 1 to 48 hours after CPB, COP in the non-blood priming group and slight blood subgroups was significantly higher than severe blood subgroups (p < 0.05). CI and COP-PCWP levels were significantly higher in the non-blood priming group and slight blood subgroups than those in the severe blood group (p < 0.05). It is concluded that COP is useful index of hemodynamics and respiratory recovery after open heart surgery and our priming system without blood is effective in order to eliminate the blood transfusion.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A case of renal capsular liposarcoma].

A 53-year-old woman was admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine at our hospital with the primary complaint of pyrexia. Abdominal echography and computed tomography (CT) detected a right renal tumor, and the patient was transferred to our department. Angiography revealed a hypovascular tumor. The main nutrient vessels supplying the tumor were the superior and inferior capsular arteries, which arose from the renal artery. A right renal capsular tumor was suspected from these findings, and radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a pleomorphic liposarcoma. Therefore, the patient was given 50 Gy of radiation postoperatively. This is the 14th case of a primary liposarcoma of the renal capsule reported in Japan.

Female↗
PubMed1995

[Postoperative care of neobladder using a detubularized intestinal segment].

Neobladder using a detubularized intestinal segment was constructed in 74 cystectomized patients between October 1986 and July 1994. There were 65 males (87.8%) and 9 females (12.2%) with an average age of 63 years (range 36 to 77 years). The mean follow-up period was 35 months (range 7 to 85). Problems of postoperative care assessed were continence, renal function, metabolic consequences, neoplasms and other complications. Moreover, the impact of these problems on the quality of life was evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire. Continence in the daytime was achieved in 70/74 (94.6%) patients. Nocturnal incontinence was noted in 15/74 (20.3%) patients. Serum BUN and creatinine levels were maintained within normal limits. Metabolic acidosis (base excess < -5.0 occurred in 7/74 (9.5%) patients, 4 patients of whom needed alkalizing agents. Colon adenomas in neobladder were found and resected in 3 patients. The other postoperative complications were stone formation in neobladder in 4 (5.4%), urethral stricture in 7 (9.5%) and ureteral stenosis in 3 (4.1%) patients respectively, which were satisfactorily corrected by endourological procedures. As to quality of life assessment, the majority was satisfied, whereas 11% of the patients reported emotional distress and limitations in the usual physical activities by nocturnal incontinence. Our finding suggest that nocturnal incontinence is the most important problem and we need longer follow-up to evaluate the problems of metabolic consequences and neoplasms of the urinary tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in a patient with pleurisy related to adult onset Still's disease.

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or SIADH has been so far reported in various disorders. However, to our knowledge, no case of SIADH associated with adult onset Still's disease (AOSD) has been described in the literature. We report on a patient who developed inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) during the course of adult onset Still's disease (AOSD). The patient developed SIADH associated with pleuritis and improved when pleuritis subsided during the course of steroid therapy. Thus, it seems suggest that SIADH was induced by AOSD which is considered to be related with vasculitis.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Bilateral peripelvic fat simulating renal pelvic tumor.

Lipomas are benign tumors which may simulate peripelvic masses and usually originate in the renal cortex or the perirenal adipose tissue. Excessive proliferation of the peripelvic fat of the kidney simulating a renal pelvic tumor was detected in our case, illustrating a rare instance in which the kidney was salvaged.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

[Influence of cardiopulmonary bypass on biological response].

To investigate the influence of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on biological response, we measured the serum level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and granulocyte elastase (GEL) in 24 patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery and 32 patients who underwent elective gastroenterological surgery. All patients were alive. The serum level of GEL in cardiac patients was significantly higher than that in gastroenterological patients on the 1st and the 3rd postoperative day (P = 0.00008, P = 0.00097 respectively). In addition. there was a significant relationship between CPB time and the serum level of GEL immediately after CPB (r = 0.53, P = 0. 007). That is a reason why higher level of serum GEL in cardiac surgery is due to the bacterial translocation. TNF-alpha and IL-1beta were detected in only :3 patients who underwent over 250 minutes CPB. It is most important to shorten the CPB time in order to decrease the serum GEL and lessen the biological response surgery.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed1995

Radioimaging of human glioma by indium-111 labeled G-22 anti-glioma monoclonal antibody.

We previously have reported that indium-111 labeled anti-glioma monoclonal antibody G-22 (111In-G-22) exhibits diagnostic potential against human glioma xenografts in athymic mice. Herein, we report the selective tumor localization of 111In-G-22 in patients with glioma. Five patients were administered an average of 2.2 mCi of 111In-G-22 whole IgG intravenously. No immediate or delayed side effects were attributable to 111In-G-22 injection. Serial gamma scintigraphy and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed, and the distribution in the brain and intratumoral accumulation of 111In-G-22 were evaluated. CT and/or magnetic resonance (MR) images were performed simultaneously and these images were compared. In the case of malignant glioma, tumor-imaging was successfully obtained beginning at 6 h following injection with a maximum uptake tumor/brain ratio at 48 h. The distribution of 111In was selective. It predominantly accumulated in the biologically active areas of the tumor. Furthermore, the tracer uptake appeared to correlate with the histologic tumor grade. This confirms the G-22 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to biologically active and malignant glioma tissue, and tumor-imaging using 111In-G-22 may give support to the diagnosis of malignant glioma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

A copy-number-controlled expression vector for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

A novel expression vector for the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe carries the neomycin-resistance-encoding gene regulated by the SV40 early promoter, and its copy number is controlled by the level of Geneticin (G418). Foreign gene expression is driven by the human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) promoter which is transcriptionally active in S. pombe. Moreover, the vector expresses foreign genes at high levels, due to the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) containing an A + T-rich sequence of about 50 nucleotides located between the TATA box of the hCMV promoter and the start codon. Recombinant human lipocortin I was produced at levels of up to 50% of the total soluble protein in the presence of 100-200 micrograms/ml of G418 in the media. Southern and Northern blotting showed that this high level of expression was due to an increase in copy number induced by G418, the high transcriptional activity of the hCMV promoter and the high translational efficiency of the 5'-UTR. We modified the vector into an 'ATG vector', named pTL2M, that maintains the 5'-UTR optimized for gene expression and into which any foreign gene, whose exact sequence is known, can be easily inserted.

Annexin A1↗
PubMed1994

Brain activation study by use of positron emission tomography in unanesthetized monkeys.

A system for the measurement of brain activity in conscious monkeys by positron emission tomography (PET) was established in the present study. The signal/noise ratio was maximal around 40 s for data acquisition in the PET scan with 15O-labeled water. When the monkey was stimulated by vibration and subtraction images of the data sets from regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes in paired stimulation and control were superimposed on magnetic resonance images obtained from the same specimens, a somatotopic map corresponding to the sites stimulated was clearly demonstrated. Visual stimulation with a photic stimulator activated the corresponding regions of the primary visual cortex. Comparison of the activated sites and extents under the conscious state with those under anesthesia assured that the study is controllable; there was little unpredictable activation due to unlimited subject movement or to psychological effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

In vivo effects of monoclonal antibodies that functionally inhibit complement regulatory proteins in rats.

The present work was designed to evaluate the effects of functional suppression of complement regulatory proteins in vivo. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized with Nembutal and were intravenously injected with 1 mg/kg of F(ab')2 or Fab fraction of either monoclonal antibody 5I2, which inhibits the function of rat counterpart of mouse Crry/p65, or monoclonal antibody 6D1, which inhibits the rat counterpart of CD59. Mean arterial pressure was continuously measured for 30 min. When 5I2 was injected, there was a biphasic change of mean arterial pressure, namely, the rapid increase immediately after the injection (approximately 2 min, phase 1) and the subsequent fall and slow recovery (approximately 4-30 min, phase 2). These effects were completely abrogated by pretreatment of rats with cobra venom factor. Pretreatment with carboxypeptidase inhibitor, which inhibits inactivation of anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, induced enhanced reduction of blood pressure. Circulating leukocytes and platelets were rapidly decreased 5 min after antibody injection and became normal by 2 h. Hematocrit and erythrocyte count were continuously increased up to 2 h after injection, suggesting that there was hemoconcentration due to increased vascular permeability. Immunofluorescence study revealed binding of antibody fragments and rat C3 along the capillaries of lung, heart, and liver 5 min after injection. In contrast to 5I2, F(ab')2 fraction of 6D1, though localized to the same areas and in similar amounts, had no significant effect on the parameters measured. These data suggest that the rat counterpart of mouse Crry/p65 plays a vital role in vivo by preventing the activation of autologous complement on vascular endothelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Simultaneous determination of granisetron and 7-hydroxygranisetron in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.

A highly sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of granisetron, a novel antiemetic agent for cancer therapy, and its pharmacologically active and major metabolite in human plasma is described. Methylation of the metabolite with trimethylsilyldiazomethane was employed for sample pretreatment. As a result of this treatment, the originally non-fluorescent metabolite could be detected simultaneously with granisetron using fluorescence detection. Both the compounds and the internal standard added were isocratically well resolved from endogenous peaks in plasma on an ODS column. The concentrations of the compounds were proportional to the peak-area ratios over the practical determination ranges of 0.2-100 ng/ml for granisetron and 0.1-50 ng/ml for the metabolite. In tests, reproducibilities for granisetron at 1 ng/ml and the metabolite at 0.5 ng/ml as determined by the relative standard deviation (n = 3) were less than 3.98 and 7.23%, respectively, in a single run.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1994

Hybrid potassium channels by tandem linkage of inactivating and non-inactivating subunits.

We constructed tandem cDNA by linking the 5' end of a delayed rectifier-type (Kv1.2) clone to the 3' end of a transient-type (Kv1.4) K+ channel clone. Fusion genes were also constructed, consisting of Kv1.4 and mutants of Kv1.2, which have a single amino acid substitution in the S4-S5 loop. From electrophysiological characterization, it is likely that two pairs of tandem heterodimer constructs can form hybrid channels. In addition, it has been revealed that the wild-type hybrid channel shows a time constant of inactivation very similar to that observed in the homotetrameric Kv1.4 channel. Difference of inactivation kinetics between wild-type and mutant hybrid K+ channels suggests that not only the S4-S5 loop of Kv1.4 but also that of Kv1.2 can serve as the acceptor sites for the inactivation gates, and that all of four sets of loops should be functional for rapid inactivation. From these results, in the hybrid channels the structure and composition of the acceptor sites could be important factors for determining the rate of inactivation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

A low molecular weight phagocytosis-inhibitory factor obtained from human erythrocyte membranes specifically down-regulates Mac-1 activity on tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-stimulated monocytic cell lines in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner.

A low molecular mass (< 3 kDa) phagocytosis-inhibitory factor (PIF), was partially purified from human erythrocyte membranes. PIF inhibits latex phagocytosis and C, as well as FcR-mediated phagocytosis, by macrophage-like cells in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. This phagocytosis-inhibitory activity is reversible because removal of PIF restores phagocytic capability of cells. After treatment with PIF, Mac-1 Ag (CR3 or CD11b) becomes almost undetectable on the cell surface by immunofluorescence staining using the mAbs D-12 and BEAR-1, whereas staining with the LM2/1 anti-Mac-1 mAb proved that Mac-1 is still present on the cell surface, thus, indicating a possible conformational change in Mac-1. PIF has no significant inhibitory effect on staining of CR1 (CD35), CR2, (CD21), 20-kDa homologous restriction factor (CD59), decay-accelerating factor (CD55), LFA-1 (CD11a), or p150.95 (CD11c). Although binding of Mac-1-bearing U-937 cells to C3bi-opsonized beads is completely blocked, binding via Con A and FcRs remains unaffected by PIF treatment. In addition to the suppressive effect on phagocytosis, inhibition of cell adhesion was observed as well. The inhibitory effect of PIF on cell adhesion is not monocyte specific, because after exposure to PIF the TGW neuroblastoma cell line lost its ability to attach to the tissue culture plate, but retained its ability for homotypic aggregation. The possibility that PIF is a natural regulator of erythrophagocytosis is suggested.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1994

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of an endoglucanase from Aspergillus aculeatus.

Most fungal cellulases are found in multiple forms varying in size and substrate specificity. Aspergillus aculeatus is known to produce nine cellulolytic enzymes including an endoglucanase (FI CM-cellulase, M(r) = 24,002) as the major component. Single crystals of FI CM-cellulase from Aspergillus aculeatus have been prepared by sitting-drop vapour diffusion using ammonium sulphate as a precipitant. The cellulase crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit cell dimensions of a = 52.79(2) A, b = 106.40(4) A and c = 33.15(1) A. The crystals contain one enzyme molecule per asymmetric unit. They diffract to at least 2.0 A resolution and are very stable against X-ray irradiation.

Ammonium Sulfate↗
PubMed1994

Complement inhibitor of rat cell membrane resembling mouse Crry/p65.

Neuraminidase-treated rat erythrocytes are resistant to homologous rat C although they are readily hemolyzed by heterologous serum C via the alternative pathway. We established a mAb, mAb512, which allows for hemolysis of neuraminidase-treated rat erythrocytes by homologous rat serum. mAb512 detected rat erythrocyte membrane components with molecular masses of 65 kDa and 55 kDa by Western blotting analysis. Furthermore, mAb512 caused C3b deposition on rat myeloma cells after treatment with rat serum. 512Ag was purified by use of an immunosorbent column prepared with mAb512. Partial sequencing of 512Ag peptides showed significant homology to mouse Crry/p65 indicating that 512Ag could be the rat counterpart of mouse Crry/p65.

Amino Acid Sequence↗