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Biomedical subjects

H Okabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Okabe.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Clinical study of the effect of cisplatin therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma].

Twenty-one cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including 15 cases receiving intravenous infusion of CDDP in addition to transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), and 6 cases receiving intraarterial infusion of CDDP in combination with sodium thiosulfate rescue (STS rescue) were studied. In the 15 cases given intravenous infusion therapy with TAE, favorable effects were observed in 33.3% of patients, and the 50% survival period was 22.5 months. In the 6 cases given intraarterial infusion, favorable effects were obtained in 66.6% of patients, but the 50% survival period was 2 months. The side effects observed most frequently were nausea and vomiting. All the other side effects observed were not so severe. These results suggest that intravenous CDDP infusion in addition to TAE is favorable, producing a life-prolongation effect.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Studies on nephrotoxicity of cyclosporin. II. Nephrotoxicity in rats receiving cyclosporin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim].

A cyclosporin (CS) has a serious nephrotoxic effect which is synergistic with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (ST) on renal allograft recipients. The effects of CS and ST on renal function and structure, were examined biochemically and morphologically in rats. Male Wistar rats each weighing 250 g were given various dose regimens (CS 50 mg/kg + ST 600 mg/kg, CS 25 mg/kg + ST 600 mg/kg, CS 10 mg/kg + ST 600 mg/kg) orally for 21 days, and were killed and examined on the 22nd day. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum and urinary creatinine, and urinary N-acetyl-s-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were measured before administration and on the 7th, 14th and 21st day after administration. The serum levels of CS, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and trimethoprim (TMP) were measured on the 21st day after administration. Kidneys were examined by light and electron microscopy. All rats that had received 50 mg/kg CS and 600 mg/kg ST died within 9 days after a severe loss in body weight. Rats that had received 25 mg/kg CS and 600 mg/kg ST had lost weight. A high dose CS and ST caused a significant elevation of BUN. The level of serum creatinine was significantly elevated only in rats that had received 25 mg/kg CS and 600 mg/kg ST. Decrease in creatinine clearance was not significant and the urinary NAG activity was not altered significantly during the experimental course. Morphological alterations were confined to the proximal tubuli and they consisted of PAS positive globules, loss of nuclei, tubular cell vacuolation and increased number of lysosomes. However, these alterations were mild and not related to the dose of CS and ST.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Separation and quantitation of plasma free fatty acids as phenacyl esters by HPLC.

We have developed a rapid method for the separation of plasma free fatty acids as their phenacyl esters by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using a reversed-phase (C18) column. The derivatives of series of both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (C12:0-C22:6) are simultaneously separated within 45 min and detected with ultraviolet at 241 nm. The limit of detection of fatty acids was approximately 0.5 nmol in 20 microL injected volume of extracts, and the coefficient of variation of the present method did not exceed 3.0%. Comparison of the results of the present HPLC method with those of gas chromatography, gave very good correlations for all fatty acids in human plasma.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the oral region: analysis of 11 autopsy cases.

The authors describe autopsy cases of primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the oral regions in 11 (8%) of 134 patients: 10 were clinical stage IE, and one was IIE. Histologic subtypes of each lymphoma included the diffuse large cell type (8 cases), diffuse mixed type (2 cases) and Burkitt's type (1 case) according to the Japanese Lymphoma Study Group (JLSG) classification. All patients received anti-lymphomatous chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Nine cases had active disease, 3/9 manifesting leukemia. Nodes were involved. There was involvement of cervical lymph nodes in 7 (64%). Viscera most commonly involved were, in order of decreasing frequency: lung, kidney, pancreas, liver, spleen, heart, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and adrenal gland. It is apparent that primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the oral region arise in a single focus, and extensions of the disease are not random. The primary lesions spread to regional lymph nodes by way of lymphatic channels, and to extranodal organs of the intrathoracic and intraabdominal regions by contiguous direct invasion of adjacent organs and by blood-borne metastases. Wide spread dissemination at the time of death was found in 6 cases and 3 modes of spreading were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Disposition of moxalactam and N-methyltetrazolethiol in rats and monkeys.

The disposition of moxalactam (MOX) and N-methyltetrazolethiol (NMTT) in rats and monkeys after intravenous injection was investigated, focusing on the in vivo liberation of NMTT, by using [NMTT-14C]MOX and [14C]NMTT. After [NMTT-14C]MOX injection, MOX levels in plasma quickly became high in both rats and monkeys and then declined, with half-lives at the beta phase of 18.8 and 67.1 min, respectively. The levels of NMTT liberated from MOX were much lower than those of MOX, but the apparent elimination was significantly slow. The levels of MOX and NMTT in rat liver were almost comparable but lower than those in plasma. With [14C]NMTT administration, the level of NMTT in plasma declined, with half-lives at the beta phase of 21.5 min in rats and 54.0 min in monkeys. After [NMTT-14C]MOX injection, most of the radioactivity was excreted in urine as MOX, with 11% of the dose in rats and 8% of the dose in monkeys eliminated as NMTT until 24 h. Total biliary excretion was 26% of the injected radioactivity in rats, and most of it was due to MOX. In one monkey, the total biliary excretion was only 0.2% of the injected radioactivity. With [14C]NMTT administration, most radioactivity was excreted in the urine as unchanged NMTT in both animals. Oral administration in rats showed that part of the biliary-excreted MOX was degraded to NMTT in the intestine and then absorbed. Repeated administration of [NMTT-14C]MOX to rats did not change the levels of MOX and NMTT in plasma or liver nor did it change the excretion profiles. Thus, accumulation of MOX and NMTT did not occur.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Surgical consideration of replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic valve with a composite valve graft--operative and long-term results of Bentall and DeBono procedure.

Our experience with the Bentall and DeBono procedure is reviewed. Between April, 1977 and April, 1985, seventeen patients underwent repair of annulo-aortic ectasia (9 cases), and dissecting aneurysm with aortic regurgitation (8 cases). Three patients had cardiac tamponade due to rupture of dissecting aneurysm. In regard to this procedure, we recently performed the continuous suture method on the prosthetic valve ring, coronary ostia, and distal anastomosis sites. In this study, there was one early death due to a sudden rupture of the dissecting aneurysm of the left thoracic cavity on the 10th postoperative day. In addition, there were two late deaths due to sepsis and suspected arrhythmia. The late follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 8 years (mean 35 months), and all patients were in NYHA Class I or II. We conclude that the composite valve graft method is an excellent technique for annuloaortic ectasia and ascending aortic dissections with aortic regurgitation because of its low operative mortality and fair survival rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Rendu-Osler-Weber disease with portosystemic encephalopathy.

We treated a Japanese man with Rendu-Osler-Weber disease and a recurrent encephalopathy with hyperammonemia concomitant with recurrent epistaxis, G-I bleeding, congestive heart failure with aortic and mitral regurgitation, and chronic renal failure. At peritoneoscopy, several telangiectasia were noted on the surface of the liver. Angiographical studies revealed widened and tortuous hepatic arteries with early filling of hepatic veins and small pools of contrast medium scattered throughout the parenchyma. The recurrent encephalopathy was attributed to the porto-systemic shunt formed in the liver.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1987

[Clinico-pathological study of autopsy cases of nonresected gastric cancer in the young and old].

To elucidate the difference between the natural history of gastric cancer in young and old patients, this study was carried out. Fifty-four cases were studied, representing the autopsy findings of gastric cancer patients who did not undergo operation. The characteristics of the gastric cancer in the young patients were as follows: had infiltrative macroscopical types, had histologically diffuse types, had deeper and wider infiltration, showed a severer invasion into the vessels, and, showed marked lymphatic disseminated, and distant metastasis. The elderly, in comparison, showed various types of gastric cancers. The extension of the cancer in the old group was significantly, less than in the young, even in the same diffuse type. The period from the onset to death was almost same in both groups. The age of the host seems one of the important factors influencing the natural history of gastric cancer.

Adult↗