Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Ohyanagi

Publications and source records attributed to H Ohyanagi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

A radioimmunoassay for pancreatic elastase 1: use of alpha 1-antitrypsin-elastase 1 conjugate as both standard and tracer to eliminate the influence of anti-elastase 1 autoantibodies.

We have recently reported the occurrence of anti-elastase 1 autoantibodies in human sera (Asada et al., Biochim Biophys Acta, 1991;1080:34-39). The usual radioimmunoassay of elastase 1 in autoantibody-positive sera gave abnormally high levels of elastase 1 and low recoveries of elastase 1 added to the sera. Now we have established a new radioimmunoassay system for determining pancreatic elastase 1 in serum, in which alpha 1-antitrypsin elastase 1 conjugate, the major conjugation form of elastase 1 in serum, is used as standard and alpha 1-antitrypsin-[125I]elastase 1 as tracer, because we found that the conjugate could bind to the elastase 1 specific antiserum but not to the autoantibodies. Thus the new assay system completely eliminate the unfavorable effects of the autoantibodies. The elastase 1 levels determined by the new assay method exhibited a good correlation with those obtained by a commercial assay kit in the autoantibody-negative sera, while no correlation was observed in the autoantibody-positive sera.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Inhibitory effect of portal pooling, bacterial translocation, and Kupffer cell activation on hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy by repeated portal triad cross clamping in rats].

Effect of hepatic ischemia and reperfusion on hepatic regeneration after 70% partial hepatectomy was evaluated in rats. Total hepatic ischemia by portal triad cross clamping (15 minutes) and reperfusion (15 minutes) was repeated two times during partial hepatectomy in the PS, non-PS, and G groups. In the C group, partial hepatectomy was made as a control without ischemia and reperfusion. In order to evaluate the effect of portal pooling, portal systemic shunt (PS shunt) was made by splenic transposition to subcutaneous space in the PS group, and compared with the non-PS group. Gadolinium chloride (GdCl3), the selective blocker of Kupffer (K) cell, was intravenously administered to the rat in the G group. Hepatic regeneration rates, labelling index of liver cells, rates of bacterial infection of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), blood levels of endotoxin (Ex) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) were compared. Hepatic regeneration at 28 days was suppressed by total hepatic ischemia in the non-PS group. Increased positive rates of MLN culture and blood levels of Ex showed bacterial translocation induced by the portal pooling during portal triad clamping. PS shunt reduced both bacterial translocation and the suppression of hepatic regeneration occurred in the PS group. Hepatic regeneration was not suppressed and blood TNF level did not increased in the G group by the inhibition of K cell function. In conclusion, repeated total hepatic ischemia and reperfusion induced portal pooling, bacterial translocation, and activated K cell, then inhibited hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of ischemia and reperfusion on hepatic regeneration following partial hepatectomy in cirrhotic rat liver].

Hepatic regeneration of cirrhotic liver following partial hepatectomy was evaluated in the rats following portal triad cross clamp (Pringle's maneuver). Cirrhotic rats were induced by repeated intraperitoneal injection of thioacetamide. Sixty eight percent of partial hepatectomy was performed under general anesthesia with or without total hepatic normothermic ischemia. Pringle's maneuver consisted of 4 times repetition of the combination of 15-minute ischemia and 15-minute reperfusion. Rats were sacrificed on 1, 7, and 28 postoperative days. The increasing rate of regenerated liver, the labeling index (LI) by histochemical measurement of BrdU positive hepatocyte, biochemical tests of the blood were evaluated in non cirrhotic and cirrhotic rats. Cirrhotic rats tolerated Pringle's maneuver well, without portal congestion as observed in non cirrhotic rats, suggesting the formation of porto-systemic shunt in cirrhotic rats. The inhibition in DNA synthesis and hepatic regeneration rate was observed in liver cirrhosis. However, no statistical significant difference in hepatic regeneration was observed in cirrhotic rats with or without Pringle's maneuver. In conclusion, the rat with cirrhotic liver tolerated Pringle's maneuver well and the maneuver itself was not harmful for hepatic regeneration following the partial resection.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Overexpression of c-Ki-ras and c-fos in human pancreatic carcinomas.

The mRNA expression of protooncogenes c-Ki-ras, c-myc, and c-fos was studied in five pancreatic carcinomas and five normal pancreatic tissues using RNase protection assay and Northern blot analysis. The expression of those protooncogenes was detected in total mRNA from all specimens. However, the amounts in carcinomas and in normal tissues differed. C-Ki-ras mRNA in all the tumors was expressed up to sixfold more than in normal tissues. C-fos mRNA was also overexpressed up to tenfold in four of five tumors. In contrast, c-myc mRNA levels were varied and did not differ significantly between tumors and normal tissues. The results suggest that the overexpression of c-Ki-ras and c-fos mRNA are implicated in the development of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Protective effect of a microtubule stabilizer taxol on caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rat.

The effect of taxol, which is a microtubule stabilizer, was examined in a model of acute edematous pancreatitis induced in rat by the administration of caerulein. Prophylactic administration of taxol ameliorated inhibition of pancreatic secretion, increased level of serum amylase, pancreatic edema, and histological alterations in this model. Immunofluorescence studies revealed that taxol stabilized the arrangement of microtubules by the action of promoting tubulin polymerization and prevented inhibition of pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion. In isolated rat pancreatic acini, taxol reversed the inhibition of amylase secretion induced by supramaximal concentrations of cholecystokinin octapeptide and did not affect the binding of cholecystokinin octapeptide to its receptor. The results obtained in this study suggest that microtubule disorganization is the initiating event in caerulein-induced pancreatitis and that the inhibition of pancreatic digestive enzyme secretion by interfering with intracellular vesicular transport due to microtubule disorganization causes caerulein-induced pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Extended use of Fluosol emulsion in acute myocardial ischemia treatment.

An intravenous infusion of Fluosol enhanced significantly the t-PA thrombolysis of the arterio-venous shunt made by insertion of 125I-fibrin clot in rabbits. The plasma radioactivity released through thrombolysis increased in both time and dose-dependent manner after the administration of t-PA. Fluosol in combination with t-PA increased the plasma radioactivity, compared with the t-PA treatment alone at the corresponding dosage. The coronary blood flow was markedly reduced to almost zero after the thrombin injection into narrowed LCX with a clamp in open-chest dogs. An intravenous infusion of Fluosol or Pluronic F-68 solution at a dose of 15 ml/kg significantly shortened the thrombolysis time by intracoronary infusion of urokinase alone. While, little change in the QTc interval of ECG and the plasma CPK-MB activity was observed in the Fluosol group in combination with urokinase, suggesting a myocardial protective action of Fluosol possibly due to its oxygen carrying effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

A multi-institute case-control study on the risk factors of developing pancreatic cancer.

A multi-institute, hospital-based, case-control study on pancreatic cancer was carried out to examine its association with preceding diseases, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and dietary factors. Analyses were based on 124 newly diagnosed exocrine pancreatic cancer cases and sex-, age- and institute-matched hospital controls in seven hospitals in Japan. Cigarette smoking showed a positive association with the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Especially among smokers, a risk enhancing effect of involuntary/passive smoking prior to twenty years of age was observed (P < 0.05). No consistent associations were found with coffee, black tea or alcohol consumption. Among dietary factors, favoring food of a salty taste and drinking green tea five cups per day or more were positively associated with the risk. Drinking milk and eating fish everyday were inversely associated with the risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Metabolic effects of GFX+BCAA solution in the old aged rats after operation].

Effects of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on the perioperative metabolism in old aged rats were evaluated. Extremely old rats (over 100 weeks old) and young rats undergoing laparotomy were treated with TPN (200 ml/kg/days, 182 cal/kg/day, 148 nonprotein cal/N ratio) consisting of carbohydrate mixtures (combination of glucose, fructose, and xylitol, 4:2:1 GFX solution) and 10% amino acids solution with 30% of branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Blood, liver, and urine samples were analyzed on 1, 3 postoperative days. Increased body weight, positive balance in daily nitrogen excretion, and decreased water content of the liver were observed in old rats. Protein, glycogen, and triglyceride contents of the liver tissue increased in old rats. However the young rats showed negative nitrogen balance and stronger catabolic effect than the old rats. It suggested negative nutritional balance in young rats with this decreased dosage of GFX+BCAA solution suitable for the old rats. In conclusion, decreased amounts of GFX+BCAA solution improved perioperative metabolism in the extremely old.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Presence of human immunoglobulin G anti serum pancreatic elastase 1 autoantibodies and their influence on elastase 1 radioimmunoassay.

Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti human pancreatic elastase 1 autoantibodies were detected in sera of patients with pancreatic disorders. The characteristics of these anti elastase 1 autoantibodies and their influence on radioimmunoassay (RIA) for elastase 1 were investigated. They were placed in the IgG class by the double antibody method, and most were assumed to be of a monoclonal type from their elution profiles in gel filtration analysis. The presence of autoantibodies in serum caused an increase in apparent elastase 1 values and a decrease in the recovery of elastase 1 exogenously added to the serum. These results suggest that elastase 1 immunoassay data for autoantibody positive sera can cause misjudgement of clinical stages of patients.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1991

Molecular cloning and characterization of a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein (24KG) from rat liver.

We have isolated cDNA clones from a rat liver cDNA library that encode a ras p21-like small GTP-binding protein (24KG) which was purified from the microsomes-Golgi complex fraction of the rat liver. The cloning was accomplished using polymerase chain reaction amplified with a set of oligonucleotide primers which were designed from the partial amino acid sequences for 24KG. The cDNA contained an open reading frame encoding a 216 amino acid protein with a calculated Mr weight of 24,397. This Mr weight was similar to that of the purified 24KG estimated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The sequence analysis of 24KG revealed that a 24KG cDNA is the rat counterpart of a rab11 cDNA cloned from a Madin-Darby canine kidney cell cDNA library. The 1.0-kilobase 24KG mRNA corresponding to the isolated cDNA was also detected in various rat tissues, such as brain, testis, spleen, and heart.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Purification and characterization from rat liver cytosol of a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) for liver 24K G, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein, with properties similar to those of smg p25A GDI.

A regulatory protein for a liver GTP-binding protein (G protein) with a molecular weight value of 24,000 (24K G), which we have recently purified, was purified to near-homogeneity from rat liver cytosol and characterized. This regulatory protein, designated here as GDP dissociation inhibitor for 24K G (24K G GDI), inhibited the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to 24K G. 24K G GDI was inactive for other ras p21/ras p21-like small G proteins including c-Ha-ras p21, rhoB p20, smg p21B, and smg p25A. 24K G was, however, recognized by bovine brain smg p25A GDI which regulated the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of smg p25A. By analyses of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), immunoblotting with anti-smg p25A GDI antibody, two-dimensional PAGE, and C4 column chromatography, 24K G GDI showed physical properties very similar to those of smg p25A GDI. The peptide map and the partial amino acid sequences of 24K G GDI were not identical with those of smg p25A GDI. Among the 83 residues, 2 amino acids were different between rat liver 24K G GDI and bovine brain smg p25A GDI. These results indicate that there is a specific regulatory protein for 24K G, 24K G GDI, in rat liver cytosol and that 24K G GDI has close similarity to smg p25A GDI.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Changes of serum bilirubin fraction in postoperative liver failure cases treated by plasmapheresis: an effective marker for evaluation of bilirubin removal.

Utility of a new method of bilirubin fractionation was evaluated in monitoring the effectiveness of plasma exchange (PE) performed in 10 postoperative cases with liver failure. Fractionation of serum bilirubin by high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated a higher delta bilirubin (B delta) peak against lower conjugated bilirubin peaks [monoconjugated bilirubin (MCB) and diconjugated bilirubin (DCB)] in the three recovered cases. The calculated ratio of MCB/B delta and the ratio of B delta/(MCB + DCB + B delta) in the recovered cases showed statistically significant different against seven unrecovered cases (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that the recovered cases had a different quality hyperbilirubinemia and a different disease entity before PE as well as a different response to PE, and this novel method for serum bilirubin subfraction is considered a useful marker in selecting a patient responsive to PE.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Immunohistochemical study on hepatic tumors--KM01 stains compared with AFP, CEA, CA19-9 and RAS P21.

Pathological diagnosis of hepatic tumors is sometimes difficult when performed with only routine examinations such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H.E.) stain. The diagnostic usefulness of KM01 was compared to that of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19-9 and ras p21 in this immunohistochemical study. AFP was positive in about half of the cases of hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma, and AFP-positive cells were frequently found at the periphery of acini in both diseases. Absorbed CEA stain was mostly negative in hepatocellular carcinoma, but was positive in the cells of mixed hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma (MHCC) and metastatic liver cancer, especially in their cytoplasm. CA19-9 immunostaining was completely negative, and was only 3% positive in hepatocellular carcinoma. KM01 stain was positive in about half of the cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma and MHCC. It was positive in proliferated bile ducts around the capsule in the former two diseases but positive in the tumor cell of both parts of the cytoplasm in the latter. The histological positivity of ras p21 was high in all tumor cells of these three types of tumors. Negative absorbed CEA and KM01 in pseudoglandular hepatocellular carcinoma differentiated from MHCC and metastatic liver cancer. However these tumor markers were occasionally positive and nonspecific in cancer-like lesions, implying no advantage for differential diagnosis between hepatocellular carcinoma and apparent cancer-like lesions. The above results demonstrate that AFP, CEA and KM01 are effective for differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma among various hepatic tumors.

Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate↗
PubMed1991

Non invasive analysis of hemodynamic changes in dogs with acute pancreatitis.

To elucidate the hemodynamic changes in the course of acute pancreatitis in dogs, various parameters were monitored non-invasively and real-timely by the ultrasonic flow probes which had been placed in advance. The dogs were divided into two groups, i.e., control group (CG) and infusion group (IG). In the infusion group, lactated Ringer solution was infused intravenously for 12 hours in order to maintain LAP or CVP at the mean +/- 1 mmHg of its control value before inducing pancreatitis. In the control group, lactated Ringer solution was not infused. Cardiac output (CO) and LV dp/dt abruptly decreased in a few hours and remained low levels in a control group (CG), but not in an infusion group (IG). It shows that the decreased CO was caused by a decrease in preload but not by a depression of contractility. Gastroduodenal arterial flow (GDAF) and GDAF/CO decreased in a few hours and kept low level in CG, but not in IG. Therefore, a decrease in GDAF is mainly caused by an increase in vascular resistance due to an increase in Hematocrit. Superior pancreatico-duodenal venous flow (SPDVF) and SPDVF/CO decreased immediately in both groups, revealing that there is severely depressive outflow from pancreas because of hemorrhage and destruction of pancreatic parenchyma immediately after the onset of pancreatitis. In CG, Total hepatic flow (THF) and Portal vein flow (PVF) gradually decreased in a few hours and kept low levels, but Common hepatic arterial flow (CHAF) did not decrease. This suggests that decrease of THF is due to decrease of PVF. THF/CO increased in CG. PVF/CO decreased in CG, while CHAF/CO increased in both groups. The increased CHAF compensated for the decreased PVF, which may play an important role in protecting the liver.

Acute Disease↗