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Biomedical subjects

H Ohta

Publications and source records attributed to H Ohta.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Metachronous triple malignant lymphoma of the stomach].

A 72-year-old female who had undergone partial gastrectomy (Billroth I method) 8 years earlier because of a diagnosis of malignant carcinoma of the stomach (histopathological diagnosis: ML. Histiocytic, Diffuse--Rappaport--) visited our hospital because of dysphagia for the past three months. X-ray and fiberscopic examination revealed the same malignancy in the remnant stomach. Curative extirpation of the remnant stomach, resection of the lower esophagus and pancreatosplenectomy were performed. There were two lesions in the resected specimen. One was a large tumor of Borrmann 3 type (8 cm in diameter) at the EGJ; the other was a small IIc-like tumor (2 cm in diameter) at the surgical stump on the lessercurvature. These three metachronous malignant lymphomas returned the same pathological findings. Compared to carcinoma, malignant lymphoma of the stomach occurs more frequently in the fornix and the tendency for multiple occurrence is strong. When partial gastrectomy is performed for malignant lymphoma of the stomach, follow-up of the remnant stomach must be carried out carefully.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Biochemical studies on heat-stable alkaline phosphatase in uterine cervix and endometrium].

Heat-stable alkaline phosphatase (HS-ALP) has been attracting attention as one of the placental proteins as well as one of the oncodevelopmental proteins. In this paper, biochemical methods were used to examine ALP isoenzyme patterns in both normal endometrium and cervical tissue with special reference to HS-ALP. Results 1) Most of the ALP in both normal endometrium and cervical tissue showed the biochemical characteristics of tissue-unspecific ALP isoenzyme. 2) In normal cervical tissue, a higher level of HS-ALP was found than in normal endometrium. HS-ALP in cervical tissue showed the same biochemical characteristics as Regan isoenzyme. 3) In normal endometrium, very small amount of Regan isoenzyme was found, but some of the HS-ALP showed the same biochemical characteristics of L-L sensitive types as D-variant of normal placenta. From the results of these biochemical tests, it may be concluded that the ALP isoenzyme profiles of endometrium and cervical tissue are different from each other both qualitatively and quantitatively, although the endometrium and cervix developed from the same ancestral "Mullerian duct".

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

Extensive evacuation of subarachnoid clot for prevention of vasospasm--effective or not?

The effect of subarachnoid haematoma (clot) evacuation for the prevention of vasospasm (VS) in the acute state was studied using 62 ruptured IC and MC aneurysm cases. Extensive clot evacuation within 48 hours after the onset did not prevent the development of VS but reduced the severity of VS, especially in the main trunks of the cerebral arteries (IC, M1, M2, A1). But excessive clot evaluation applied to the angry, swollen brain in the acute stage worsened the brain swelling and sometimes formed an intracerebral haematoma due to brain compression. The extent of the clot evacuation should be determined by preoperative CT findings and the brain's condition during the operation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Surgical problems and pathophysiology in severe cases with ruptured aneurysm in the acute stage.

We have managed 674 cases of ruptured aneurysms of the anterior part of the circles of Willis during the period 1969 to 1980. For this study, analyses were made to clarify the operative indication, timing and suitable procedures based on the pathophysiology of severe cases in the acute stage. Clinical results on conservative treatment in the era of delayed operation clearly show the inevitable necessity of early operation. The CBF measurement in the acute stage revealed a slight decrease of hemispheric CBF without regulatory dysfunction of cerebral circulation within 3 days of SAH. Results of early operation within 3 days of SAH in the 3rd era showed that 83.1% of cases survived with a good outcome and 3.4% died when they were in Grades 1 and 2. 40 cases with severe grading, operated on within 3 days of SAH, were studied on each site of the aneurysm. Mortality was 12.5% and there was a favourable outcome in 55%. Death was due to brain swelling caused by vasospasm and direct brain damage caused by SAH and an intracerebral haematoma. Extensive evacuation of subarachnoid clotting could be performed only when brain volume could be reduced enough to minimize brain compression, by using ventricular drainage, evacuation of the intracerebral haematoma and Mannitol administration. Surgical procedures for each aneurysm are also described.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Prevention of symptomatic vasospasm by topically applied nimodipine.

A 2.4 x 10(-5) M solution of the Calcium-antagonist Nimodipine was administered to the exposed cerebral vessels in 17 patients intraoperatively clipping of a ruptured aneurysm. The interval between subarachnoid haemorrhage and operation was 48 to 72 hours. The CT investigation had revealed blood accumulation in the basal cisterns in all cases. Vasodilatation was observed in all instances; the percentage being greater in small vessels as compared to large vessels. Postoperatively, a neurological deficit combined with angiographically verified vasospasm occurred in two patients, but was reversible in both. Fifteen patients remained free from symptomatic vasospasm and were discharged without neurological deficit. In 13 of these patients and 3 additional cases, a plastic cannula was placed intraoperatively so that postoperative topical administration of Nimodipine was possible. Postoperative control-angiograms after a mean interval of 7 days from SAH did not show severe spasm in any of the patients; localised moderate asymptomatic spasm was found in 8 cases and was reserved in 5. Moderate postoperative symptomatic spasm was observed in 2 patients, treated and reversed in one patient. In 5 of 7 cases without evidence of spasm in the angiogram postoperative topical administration of Nimodipine caused vasodilatation. It is concluded, that topical intracisternal administration of Nimodipine reverses intraoperative vascular spasm and decreases the probability of postoperative symptomatic vasospasm after early surgery.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1982

Antihypertensive effect of nicardipine hydrochloride in essential hypertension.

The antihypertensive effect of a new calcium antagonist, nicardipine hydrochloride (YC-93), was studied in 47 mild to moderate essential hypertensives. YC-93 (30-60 mg/day) was administered orally alone for 8 weeks (Group I, 31 patients) or in combination with diuretics, beta blockers, or both (Group II, 16 patients). Blood pressure was reduced from 173.6 +/- 2.2/103.5 +/- 1.7 to 139.7 +/- 2.0/87.2 +/- 1.1 mmHg in Group I and from 172.9 +/- 3.9/108.9 +/- 2.9 to 140.5 +/- 2.3/89.5 +/- 2.5 mm Hg in Group II. Pulse rate was not altered in Group I but increased transiently in Group II. The side effects seen in seven patients were mostly related to the vasodilatation and were generally transient and mild. These results indicate that YC-93 is an effective antihypertensive drug for the treatment of essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

In vivo activation of mouse spleen lymphocytes by lipid A in carrier-free form.

The immunogenic potential of lipid A, isolated from Salmonella minnesota R595 and made soluble by mild alkaline hydrolysis, was investigated using ICR mice and a modification of the Jerne plaque assay. In the absence of carrier protein of Freund's adjuvant, a single intravenous injection of 100 microgram lipid A induced the development of anti-lipid A antibody-producing cells in the spleen. At the doses used, no heterophile-antibody plaques specific for sheep red blood cell antigen were detectable in recipients of alkali-treated lipid A. Moreover, the specific (anti-lipid A) plaque-forming ability of mice injected with alkali-treated lipid A. Moreover, the specific (anti-lipid A) plaque-forming ability of mice injected with alkali-treated lipid A nearly equalled the ability of mice injected with free lipid A, suggesting that mild alkaline hydrolysis treatment left intact the immunodominance of free lipid A. We also found that alkali-treated lipid A induced an increase in [3H]-thymidine incorporation by splenic T and B lymphocytes. This suggests the possible collaboration of T and B cells in the in vivo production of anti-lipid A antibody.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Induction of splenic T cell proliferation by lipid A in mice immunized with sheep red blood cells.

The stimulatory effect of alkali-treated lipid A on the in vivo proliferation of splenic T lymphocytes was investigated by determining 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA after cell separation by nylon wool adherence. Our experimental model was the primary immune response against SRBC antigen. Mice received a single i.v. injection of alkali-treated lipid A 2 days post-immunization. The splenocytic IgG-plaque response was enhanced but the IgM-plaque response was not. On the 4th day postimmunization, 2H-thymidine uptake by the B cell population was not amplified. However, the splenocytic DNA content was increased in immunized, adjuvant-treated mice, and the radioactivity count in T lymphocytes of lipid A-treated mice was approximately twice that of lipid-untreated animals. We conclude that alkali-treated lipid A enhances T cell proliferation in mice immunized with red blood cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of vitamin B2 on tumorigenesis of 3-methylcholanthrene in the mouse skin.

Local administration of riboflavin 2',3',4',5'-tetrabutyrate (B2-But4) suppressed the induction of skin tumors in mice by 3-methylcholanthrene. The latent period for the appearance of tumors was markedly delayed in the group treated with B2-But4. These findings suggest that riboflavin might retard the process of skin tumorigenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Incidental meningioma].

Intracranial tumors are accidentally discovered during operations for neurosurgical diseases, such as head trauma or cerebral aneurysm. Furthermore, in the autopsy specimen, intracranial tumors which had not been recognized before the patient's life are sometimes found incidentally. Those tumors are; meningioma, glioma, pituitary adenoma, and so forth. Among these instances, meningioma seems to be the most frequent. In this paper, the authors discussed five cases of asymptomatic meningiomas found unexpectedly, referred as "Incidental Meningioma." Incidental meningioma listed up here are five out of 38 clinical cases with intracranial meningioma which authors experienced during recent twelve years in our hospital. In 480 autopsy cases in our hospital in the same period, there was only one case with which incidental intracranial tumor was detected. This incidental tumor was index-finger tip sized parasagittal meningioma. This was not included in this series. These 5 clinical cases were composed of all women ranging in age from 48 to 72 years. Three of them were discovered during aneurysm surgery, the other one was found during the evacuation of acute subdural hematoma. The remaining one case (Case 5) was demonstrated intracranial meningioma unexpectedly by CT scanning. The size of those tumors were ranged from 7 to 20 mm in diameter except Case 5. In Case 5, tumor size was about 30x40 mm in diameter. The localization of those tumors were; three convexity, one pterion, and one falx meningiomas. Positive findings referable to those tumors at ancillary neuroradiological examinations, were shown only in one case (Case 2) with the exception of Case 5 retrospectively. That was abnormal calcified shadow in frontal bone at the right side in Case 2. The histological nature of them was various, but psammomatous type belonging to transitional meningioma was worthy to note, because such a type was relatively rare in our total cases. Incidental tumors seemed to be relatively rare in cases with cerebral aneurysm. In our series comprising 747 operated cases for cerebral aneurysm, there were 5 cases with incidental tumor (0.67%). Three of these 5 cases were incidental meningioma which were listed up in the paper. In all cases with incidental meningioma, except for Case 5, there were no definite feeding arteries, and they could be easily extirpated, with uneventful recovery.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Intramural injection of anticancer emulsion by gastroendoscopy].

Attempting to establish a topical chemotherapy for stomach cancer, injectable 5-FU emulsion (O/W type) has been developed. The distribution of 5-FU was analyzed by the procedures of quantification and X-rays. The combination of lipiodol having a contrast ability in the oil phase was studied. During the endoscopic examination before operation, 1.0 ml of 5-FU was injected at a site, a total of 50 ml at 2 to 4 sites in the submucosal tissue of the lesion. From the result of examination of 5-FU distribution in the extracted stomach and lymph node, it was confirmed that the drug was retained at the site of injection. In addition, 0.017-0.056 microgram/g on the average of 5-FU concentration was transferred to the secondary lymph node. At the same time, its distribution was monitored by X-rays. In those cases which received intermittent administration for twice or more before operation, the 5-FU concentration was detected at a higher rate than in cases receiving a single dose. This suggests that the therapy is markedly effective for stomach cancer and its metastasis to the lymph node as topical therapy.

Animals↗