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Biomedical subjects

H Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to H Ohara.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum: report of a case].

A case of congenital urethral diverticulum is reported. A 6-month-old male was admitted with difficulty to urinate and swelling of the base of penile shaft. Anterior urethral diverticulum was demonstrated by means of retrograde urethrography. A diverticulectomy combined with cystostomy was performed under the general anesthesia. Although the histological findings were insufficient to determine whether the urethral diverticulum was congenital or acquired, the former was strongly suspected judging from his clinical course. He developed urethrocutaneous fistula, one of the most common postoperative complication, on the 7th post-operative day. A complete cure of the fistula was achieved by the conservative treatment. We collected and analyzed 49 cases of congenital anterior urethral diverticulum of male children in Japan.

Diverticulum↗
PubMed1988

[A clinical study on renal pelvic and ureteral tumors].

Thirty-seven cases of renal pelvic and ureteral tumors treated at our hospitals between January, 1975 and December, 1985 were reviewed. There were 15 renal pelvic tumors, 19 primary ureteral tumors and 3 ureteropelvic tumors. There were 26 males and 11 females and their average age was 62.5 years old ranging from 37 to 82. The most frequent chief complaint was macroscopic hematuria, which was seen in 89% of the patients (33/37). It was 35% of the patients (13/37) who visited our hospitals more than one month but less than three months after the appearance of symptoms. The positive rate of urine cytology was 69%. Total nephroureterectomy was performed on 22 patients and the other surgical treatments were done on 13 patients. Histological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma in all cases. The overall actual postoperative survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years was 83.9%, 68.0% and 68.0%, respectively, as measured by the Kaplan-Meier's method. None of the patients who survived more than 3 years after surgery died. The actual 3 and 5 year survival rates in cases of ureteropelvic tumors were slightly lower than those in the case of bladder tumors. There was no evidence in this series to show the usefulness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A case of a probable "cancer family syndrome" presenting four synchronous malignancies of the colon].

A 72-year-old male was admitted because of right lower quadrant pain, Barium enema and total colonoscopy disclosed multiple colon cancers and sequentially, a subtotal colectomy was performed. The resected specimen demonstrated 3 advanced carcinomas and an adenomatous cancer with additional multiple polyps. Investigation of his family history revealed that his mother and his elder sister had died of uterine cancer, and that his elder brother, his nephew, and his niece had been operated on for colorectal cancer. We thus supposed a case of "Cancer Family Syndrome" presenting multiple neoplasms of the colon.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

[Retrograde nephrostomy for percutaneous nephrolithotomy].

Between June, 1985 and November, 1986, 25 patients at our institute underwent retrograde nephrostomy placement to provide percutaneous access to the kidney for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) of renal or upper ureteral calculi. Overall, retrograde nephrostomy was successfully completed through the desired calyx in 80% of the patients and calculi were successfully removed by the subsequent PNL. There were 5 failures primarily due to wrong indication and inexperience with the technique. The procedures had been done without significant complications in this series including unsuccessful cases. On the basis of our experiences, it is practically important for successful retrograde nephrostomy to fix the tip of the catheter firmly in the desired calyx until the puncture wire is advanced into the renal parenchyma. It is also important to aim the puncture wire at the skin in a favorable direction to avoid adjacent visceral penetration. Retrograde nephrostomy is a useful aid for percutaneous calculus removal particularly in patients with nondilated intrarenal collecting systems, because this new technique allows precise tract placement to the kidney required for efficient calculus manipulation with less risk than that associated with conventional percutaneous nephrostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Studies on radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in mouse spermatocytes. II. Dose-response relationships of chromosome aberrations induced at zygotene stage in mouse primary spermatocytes following fast neutron- and 60Co gamma-irradiations.

The chromosome aberrations induced at zygotene stage in mouse spermatocytes following exposures to fast neutrons and 60Co gamma-rays were examined at diakinesis-metaphase I. The dose-response relationships were well fitted to linear equation for deletion-type aberrations and to linear-quadratic equation for exchange-type aberrations in 60Co gamma-irradiation group. In fast neutron-irradiation group, the dose-response relationships were well fitted to linear equations for deletion- and exchange-type aberrations. The rate of deletion-type aberrations was remarkably high for fast neutrons, about 6 times higher than that after 60Co gamma-irradiation. The main types of chromosome aberrations observed were iso-chromatid breaks or fragments and chromatid exchanges in both irradiation groups as well as X-irradiation. These results indicate that there is a possibility that two double-strand breaks are induced simultaneously at iso-locus position in sister chromatids by a single track of radiations. Production of such single-track-induced two double-strand breaks in iso-chromatids may be very frequently expressed as iso-chromatid-type deletions in the high LET fast neutron-irradiation group. On the contrary, in the low LET 60Co gamma- or X-irradiation group, the above-mentioned mechanism may not be so effective for contribution to chromosome aberration induction in mouse spermatocytes. This mechanism was discussed in detail.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Measurement of aortic blood flow with MR imaging: comparative study with Doppler US.

An innovative magnetic resonance imaging technique was applied to the measurement of blood flow in the abdominal aorta. The technique combines selective excitation and visualization from an orthogonal view. The distance that fluid has moved is directly visualized. The blood flow velocity at every 50 msec throughout the cardiac cycle was measured in a short time (about 4 minutes) using electrocardiographic gating and repeated excitations in each cycle. Measurements were compared with those obtained by Doppler ultrasound (US) as a reference. The pulsatile change of flow velocity in the cycle correlated well with the Doppler US recording. Two flow velocity indexes, peak flow velocity and the velocity integral, also showed good correlation (r = .98 for both). This method is applicable for clinical use and is useful for measurement of high flow rates, as found in arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[A case of foreign body granuloma caused by cotton pledgets that remained during intracranial operation].

A case of intracranial foreign body granuloma is reported which was caused by cotton pledgets after total removal of meningioma. A 46 year-old woman was admitted on July 10, 1982, complaining of generalized convulsive seizures. CT and cerebral angiography revealed a left falx meningioma. The meningioma was totally removed under the left frontoparietal osteoplastic craniotomy. Microscopical findings were meningotheliomatous meningioma without malignancy. Despite the total removal, she developed two attacks of convulsion. Cerebral CT revealed a slightly high density mass with contrast-enhancement where the meningioma had been removed. Re-operation was performed on July 16, 1983. There was a granuloma with cotton fibers surrounded by yellow capsule without residual or recurrent meningioma. Only two cases have ever been reported in the literature so far reviewed. The differential diagnosis of foreign body granuloma is discussed and it is stressed to pay attention not to leave cotton pledgets during operations.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

Visualization of moving fluid: quantitative analysis of blood flow velocity using MR imaging.

A new method for the measurement of blood flow using magnetic resonance imaging has been developed. The flow velocities are calculated from the distances that the fluid has moved. The distances are directly visualized by a new pulse sequence. In a phantom study, the measured flow rates showed very good correlation with actual flow rates of up to 20 l/min (3 m/sec). In a volunteer study, pulsatile flow velocities of a large artery were measured with electrocardiographic gating. The flow pattern of a cardiac cycle at the abdominal aorta is similar to that revealed by other methods of measurement, such as Doppler ultrasound. This method allows reasonably accurate quantitative analysis of blood flow in the large arteries.

Blood Flow Velocity↗