Can proton pump inhibitors be used as bactericidal drugs in Helicobacter pylori-positive patients?
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Helicobacter Infections↗
Biomedical subjects
H Oda
Publications and source records attributed to H Oda.
Expression and differential intracellular localization of two major forms of human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase encoded by alternatively spliced OGG1 mRNAs.
We identified seven alternatively spliced forms of human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) mRNAs, classified into two types based on their last exons (type 1 with exon 7: 1a and 1b; type 2 with exon 8: 2a to 2e). Types 1a and 2a mRNAs are major in human tissues. Seven mRNAs are expected to encode different polypeptides (OGG1-1a to 2e) that share their N terminus with the common mitochondrial targeting signal, and each possesses a unique C terminus. A 36-kDa polypeptide, corresponding to OGG1-1a recognized only by antibodies against the region containing helix-hairpin-helix-PVD motif, was copurified from the nuclear extract with an activity introducing a nick into DNA containing 8-oxoguanine. A 40-kDa polypeptide corresponding to a processed form of OGG1-2a was detected in their mitochondria using antibodies against its C terminus. Electron microscopic immunocytochemistry and subfractionation of the mitochondria revealed that OGG1-2a locates on the inner membrane of mitochondria. Deletion mutant analyses revealed that the unique C terminus of OGG1-2a and its mitochondrial targeting signal are essential for mitochondrial localization and that nuclear localization of OGG1-1a depends on the NLS at its C terminus.
Alternative Splicing↗
Dietary taurine enhances cholesterol degradation and reduces serum and liver cholesterol concentrations in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.
The effect of taurine on hypercholesterolemia induced by feeding a high-cholesterol (HC) diet (10g/kg) to rats was examined. When various amounts of taurine (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 g/kg diet) were supplemented to HC for 2 wk, serum total cholesterol gradually and significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner and normalized at the dose of 10 g taurine/kg, compared with the control (cholesterol free) diet group. By contrast, serum HDL-cholesterol was elevated by taurine supplementation. The HC diet caused a significant decrease in the concentration of taurine in serum, liver and heart compared to that in the control group, and the effective dose of supplemental taurine to improve its reduction was 2.5 g/kg diet. In the hypercholesterolemic rats fed the HC diet, the excretion of fecal bile acids and hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) activity and its mRNA level increased significantly, and the supplementation of taurine further enhanced these indexes, indicating an increase in cholesterol degradation. The abundance of mRNA for Apo A-I, one of the main components of HDL, was reduced by HC and recovered by taurine supplementation. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that, in hypercholesterolemic rats fed the HC diet, the serum level of the heavier VLDL increased significantly, but taurine repressed this increase and normalized this pattern. Significant correlations were observed between the time- and dose-dependent increases of CYP7A1 gene expression and the decrease of blood cholesterol concentration in rats fed the HC diet supplemented with taurine (time, r = -0.538, P < 0.01, n = 32; dose, r = -0.738, P < 0.001, n = 20). These results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effects of taurine observed in the hypocholesterolemic rats fed the HC diet were mainly due to the enhancement of cholesterol degradation and the excretion of bile acid.
Animals↗
Involvement of fibroblast growth factor-2 in joint destruction of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the synovial fluid from knee joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with different severities of joint destruction on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. METHODS: Synovial fluid was harvested from the knee joints of 59 RA patients and 37 ostcoarthritis (OA) patients. RA patients with Larsen's knee grade 1-3 were classified as mild RA (n = 30) and those with grade 4 or 5 as severe RA (n = 29). Cytokine concentrations in synovial fluid were measured by ELISA. Osteoclastogenesis was measured by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cell (MNC) formation in a co-culture of mouse osteoblastic cells and bone marrow cells, and bone resorption by 45Ca release from pre-labelled cultured neonatal mouse calvariae. RESULTS: The synovial fluid of severe RA patients significantly stimulated TRAP-positive MNC formation and 45Ca release compared to those of mild RA and OA patients. Among the bone-resorptive cytokines fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R), only FGF-2 concentration in the synovial fluid was positively correlated to Larsen's grade, and severe RA patients showed significantly higher FGF-2 concentrations than mild RA patients. Osteoclastogenesis in a co-culture system which was stimulated by the synovial fluid of severe RA patients was significantly inhibited by a neutralizing antibody against FGF-2 and this inhibition was stronger than antibodies against other cytokines. CONCLUSION: The increase in endogenous FGF-2 levels in the synovial fluid of RA patients may play a role in the joint destruction by inducing osteoclastogenesis.
Animals↗
Uptake of 10 polar organic solvents during short-term respiration.
Respiratory uptake was investigated for 10 polar organic solvents with high blood/air partition coefficients (lambda(blood/air)): ethyl acetate (lambda(blood/air), 77), methyl iso-butyl ketone (90), methyl acetate (90), methyl propyl ketone (150), acetone (245), iso-pentyl alcohol (381), iso-propyl alcohol (848), methyl alcohol (2590), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE, 7970), and propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME, 12380). Test-air concentrations (Cinh) were 25 to 200 ppm. Four healthy male volunteers inhaled the test air for 10 min at rest and then room air for 5 min. The percentage of solvent in the end-exhaled air and in the mixed-exhaled air increased after the start of the test-air respiration, and reached a quasi-steady-state level within a few min. The speeds of these increases at the start of the test-air respiration became lower as lambda(blood/air) increased. The mean uptakes (U) for the last five min of the test air respiration were 67.3, 52.9, 60.4, 53.0, 52.6, 63.0, 60.3, 60.8, 79.7, and 81.3%, respectively, for ethyl acetate, methyl iso-butyl ketone, methyl acetate, methyl propyl ketone, acetone, iso-pentyl alcohol, iso-propyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, EGBE and PGME. Thus, U values of the alcohols were higher than those of the ketones and lower than the glycol ethers. The overall view, except for esters, showed that U increased with lambda(water/air) increases. This tendency can be explained by a hypothesis that solvent absorbed in the mucus layer of the respiratory tract is removed by the bronchial blood circulation. U values of ethyl acetate and methyl acetate were higher than those of methyl iso-butyl ketone and methyl propyl ketone, though the lambda(blood/air) values of these esters were nearly equal to those of the ketones. For the respiration of the esters, their metabolites, ethyl alcohol and methyl alcohol, were detected in the exhaled air. The exhalation percentage of the metabolites increased after the start of test-air respiration and reached a quasi-steady-state level of 2 and 3%, respectively, by the 5th min. These data suggest that removal of the solvent via metabolism in the wall tissue of the respiratory tract plays an important role for the esters.
Administration, Inhalation↗
Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in IgA nephropathy.
BACKGROUND/AIM: To clarify the role of the apolipoprotein E (Apo E) phenotype in IgA nephropathy, we investigated its relationship with histological damage and clinical factors. METHODS: The subjects were 104 consecutive patients (41 men and 63 women) with IgA nephropathy. The Apo E phenotype was identified by plasma isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting, and the frequencies of Apo E alleles were calculated. RESULTS: The frequencies of the phenotypes and the alleles were as follows: 2/2 = 0, 2/3 = 0.086, 3/3 = 0.654, 2/4 = 0. 010, 4/3 = 0.211, 4/4 = 0.010, 3/5 = 0.029, epsilon2 = 0.048, epsilon3 = 0.817, epsilon4 = 0.120, and others = 0.015. There were no significant differences between the IgA nephropathy patients and healthy individuals in the frequencies of Apo E phenotypes and the alleles. However, the Apo E2 phenotype was significantly more common among patients with severe histological damage than in those with mild damage. The serum triglyceride levels were significantly elevated, and the Apo E2 phenotype was significantly more prevalent in patients with severe histological damage as compared with those with mild damage. CONCLUSION: The Apo E2 phenotype appears to be associated with the severity of histological damage in IgA nephropathy.
Adult↗
Suppression of arthritic bone destruction by adenovirus-mediated csk gene transfer to synoviocytes and osteoclasts.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the synovial joints resulting from hyperplasia of synovial fibroblasts and infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells, all of which manifest signs of activation. Recent studies have revealed the essential role of osteoclasts in joint destruction in RA. Src family tyrosine kinases are implicated in various intracellular signaling pathways, including mitogenic response to growth factors in fibroblasts, activation of lymphocytes, and osteoclastic bone resorption. Therefore, inhibiting Src activity can be a good therapeutic strategy to prevent joint inflammation and destruction in RA. We constructed an adenovirus vector carrying the csk gene, which negatively regulates Src family tyrosine kinases. Csk overexpression in cultured rheumatoid synoviocytes remarkably suppressed Src kinase activity and reduced their proliferation rate and IL-6 production. Bone-resorbing activity of osteoclasts was strongly inhibited by Csk overexpression. Furthermore, local injection of the virus into rat ankle joints with adjuvant arthritis not only ameliorated inflammation but suppressed bone destruction. In conclusion, adenovirus-mediated direct transfer of the csk gene is useful in repressing bone destruction and inflammatory reactions, suggesting the involvement of Src family tyrosine kinases in arthritic joint breakdown and demonstrating the feasibility of intervention in the kinases for gene therapy in RA. off
Adenoviridae↗
Urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 water channel differentiates psychogenic polydipsia from central diabetes insipidus.
The present study was undertaken to determine whether urinary excretion of aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) water channel under ad libitum water intake is of value to differentiate polyuria caused by psychogenic polydipsia from central diabetes insipidus. A 30-min urine collection was made at 0900 h in 3 groups of: 11 patients with central diabetes insipidus (22-68 yr old), 10 patients with psychogenic polydipsia (28-60 yr old), and 15 normal subjects (21-38 yr old). In the patients with central diabetes insipidus, the plasma arginine vasopressin level was low despite hyperosmolality, resulting in hypotonic urine. Urinary excretion of AQP-2 was 37 +/- 15 fmol/mg creatinine, a value one-fifth less than that in the normal subjects. In the patients with psychogenic polydipsia, plasma arginine vasopressin and urinary osmolality were as low as those in the patients with central diabetes insipidus. However, urinary excretion of AQP-2 of 187 +/- 45 fmol/mg creatinine was not decreased, and its excretion was equal to that in the normal subjects. These results indicate that urinary excretion of AQP-2, under ad libitum water drinking, participates in the differentiation of psychogenic polydipsia from central diabetes insipidus.
Adult↗
In vitro examination of the safety of rotational atherectomy of side branches jailed by stents.
In vitro experimental models of branch orifices jailed by various stents were created to estimate the safety and the efficacy of rotational atherectomy when rotational burrs were advanced through the struts of stents. The scaffolding structures of the stents were destroyed due to loss and deflection of the struts, and the size of ablated stent-particles differed: the maximal size was 1.7 mm in slotted stents, and 17.6 mm in coiled stents. Thus, there is a definite potential for ablating stents when rotational atherectomy of restenotic lesions of side-branch orifices jailed by stents is performed.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
Improving effect of dietary taurine on marked hypercholesterolemia induced by a high-cholesterol diet in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
The effect of dietary taurine on hypercholesterolemia induced by a high-cholesterol diet in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was investigated. The concentrations of serum and liver cholesterol were markedly elevated in STZ-diabetic rats fed on the cholesterol-containing diet, and dietary taurine significantly reduced this elevated level of cholesterol in the serum and liver. The gene expression of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), which is the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol degradation, was induced by the supplementation of taurine to the high-cholesterol diet. It is suggested that one of the reasons for this hypocholesterolemic action by taurine might have been the enhancement of cholesterol degradation.
Animals↗
[Actual conditions of occupational health activities in small-scale enterprises in Japan: system for occupational health, health management and demands by small-scale enterprises].
In order to clarify the real conditions of occupational health services (OHS) in small-scale enterprises (SSEs) in Japan, we analyzed questionnaires recovered from 765 SSEs in the area of a city neighboring Osaka City (recovery rate, 69.3%). The SSEs included 358 SSEs with 1 to 4 workers (46.8% of total SSEs), 203 with 5 to 9 (26.5%), 163 with 10 to 29 (21.3%) and 41 with 30 to 49 (5.4%). The main types of businesses were manufacturing (374, 48.9% of total SSEs), wholesale/retail trade/restaurants (153, 20.0%), community, social and personal services (132, 17.3%) and construction (72, 9.4%). Health examinations were performed in 47.7% of SSEs. The reason for the lack of examinations were "shortage of time" (33.3% of SSEs lacking health examination) and "employees do not want to be examined" (28.1%). Some health promotion measures were conducted in 29.2% of SSEs. Health examination (59.0% of SSEs), health promotion (36.5%), measure of mental health (25.9%) and information service for employers and employees (25.5%) were demanded by SSEs as OHS. Financial subsidies and economical incentives were demanded by 46.4% and 28.8% of SSEs, respectively. Regional occupational health center in this area was poorly known among SSEs (8.2%), but health examination (48.4%), information service (37.5%), assessment of work method and advice to improve (19.8%) and environment measurement (12.4%) are demanded of the center by SSEs.
Female↗
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome associated with nephrotic syndrome.
A 21-year-old man was admitted to Kure National Hospital with nephrotic syndrome in September 1996. He had suffered from an intractable pruritic skin rash and recurrent subcutaneous abscesses caused by the hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome since the age of 18 months. Renal biopsy gave a diagnosis of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Steroid therapy decreased urinary protein loss and hypoproteinemia, and his pruritic skin rash was improved. Patients with hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome have a defective immune response, especially to Staphylococcus aureus infection. Continuous antigen stimulation may have caused this patient's renal histological damage as in immune complex glomerulonephritis.
Adult↗
[Chronic Q fever].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[Discovery of prolactin-releasing peptide in the brain].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Animals↗
HLA-B27 subtypes and HLA class II alleles in Japanese patients with anterior uveitis.
PURPOSE: Some patients with anterior uveitis (AU) have ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and are HLA-B27 class I-positive. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in HLA at the allele level among each group of patients with AU. METHODS: Seventy-three patients with AU were studied. They were classified into three groups: 31 with AS-associated AU, 14 with HLA-B27-associated AU, and 28 with idiopathic AU. Three control groups without AU were used: 138 random subjects, 33 HLA-B27-positive healthy subjects, and 19 HLA-B27-positive patients with AS. DRB1 and DQB1 genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. HLA-B27 subtype was determined by PCR-SSCP. RESULTS: There was no difference in the frequency of any class I antigen except HLA-B27 among the patients studied. The frequencies of HLA-DR12 in AS-associated AU and HLA-DR1 in HLA-B27-associated AU showed an increase. In HLA-B27-associated AU, DRB1*0101 and DQB1*0501 were increased compared with HLA-B27-positive control subjects. When HLA-B27 subtype distribution was compared among the groups, the proportion of B*2704 was significantly lower in HLA-B27-associated AU (P = 0.037), however, such a difference was not present in AS-associated groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicated that B*2704 seemed to be less susceptible to AU compared with B*2705 in Japanese subjects. The increase of HLA-DR12 and HLA-DR1 in AU may be caused by linkage disequilibrium with B*2704 and B*2705, respectively.
Adult↗
Importance of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate for mesangial cell DNA synthesis.
BACKGROUND: Farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) are isoprenoid products of the intracellular mevalonate pathway used for prenylation of several low molecular weight G proteins, including Ras. It is likely that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation of mesangial cell proliferation requires prenylated, low molecular weight G proteins. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dependence of platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated mesangial cell DNA synthesis and cell membrane Ras incorporation on FPP and GGPP. METHODS: Quiescent human mesangial cells were exposed to PDGF (25 ng/ml) to stimulate DNA synthesis. Some cells were also treated with the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin (2.5 to 10.0 microM), which inhibits isoprenoid synthesis, in the presence or absence of exogenous FPP or GGPP. DNA synthesis was assessed by thymidine incorporation, and Western blot analysis was used to measure total cell membrane Ras. RESULTS: Stimulation of mesangial cells with PDGF did not increase total cell membrane Ras. Lovastatin reduced cell membrane Ras, and this was prevented by simultaneous exposure of mesangial cells to exogenous FPP (2.5 to 10.0 microM) or GGPP (1 to 5 microM). Lovastatin also reduced PDGF-stimulated mesangial cell DNA synthesis by 90%, and this was completely prevented by simultaneous exposure of cells to exogenous GGPP (1 microM), but not to FPP. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that both FPP and GGPP can provide for mesangial cell membrane Ras localization and that PDGF-stimulated mesangial cell DNA synthesis requires the isoprenoid GGPP.
Blotting, Western↗
Evaluation of the PD adequest program in Japanese patients on peritoneal dialysis.
To perform adequate peritoneal dialysis, it is necessary to individualize the dialysis regimen. PD Adequest is a software program based on the three-pore model that can be used to predict solute clearance and ultrafiltration volume during peritoneal dialysis. We evaluated the ability of this program to predict the solute clearance and ultrafiltration volume in Japanese patients on peritoneal dialysis. The weekly creatinine clearance and weekly urea Kt/V were determined in 45 patients. The PD Adequest was used to simulate their current dialysis regimens and the predicted values of these parameters were calculated. Strong positive correlations were obtained between the actual and predicted weekly creatinine clearance (r = 0.993) and weekly urea Kt/V (r = 0.991). In conclusion, this program is potentially useful for designing peritoneal dialysis regimens in Japanese patients, even though they have a smaller body mass than Canadians and Americans for whom it was designed.
Adolescent↗
Predictors of survival in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients: the importance of left ventricular hypertrophy and diabetic nephropathy.
We retrospectively evaluated the factors that are prognostic in long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). From 1986 to 1997, 91 CAPD patients (59 male, 32 female, mean age 48 years) entered the study. Their primary renal diseases were chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN, n = 80), diabetic nephropathy (DN, n = 10), and polycystic kidney disease (PKD, n = 1). The roles of primary renal disease, hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac sympathetic activity, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and plasma concentration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on patient prognosis were analyzed. Among the 91 CAPD patients, 26 died during the observation period. Of these deaths, 17 resulted from cardiovascular diseases including cerebrovascular events (n = 7), myocardial infarction (n = 2), sudden death (n = 7), and aortic aneurysmal rupture (n = 1). Nine patients died of non cardiovascular events. Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis and others, mainly cachexia, accounted for 2 and 7 of these deaths, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 74%; the 10-year rate was 49%. The cumulative 5- and 10-year success rates of CAPD were 69% and 39%, respectively. DN, hypertension, severe LVH (more than 200 g/m2), and hypoalbuminemia were contributors to poor prognosis. Among these, DN and severe LVH were the two main predictors by Cox proportional hazards model. We conclude that CAPD patients with DN or severe LVH, or both, have a greater chance of drop-out from cardiovascular events.
Aortic Aneurysm↗