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Biomedical subjects

H Oda

Publications and source records attributed to H Oda.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of single and consecutive doses of cilazapril and its depressor effects in hypertensive patients with renal dysfunction.

The pharmacokinetic properties and antihypertensive effects of cilazapril, a long-acting converting enzyme inhibitor, were investigated in seven hypertensive patients with renal failure. Cilazapril 1.25 mg was given orally once a day for 5 or 8 days. Cilazapril induced a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and its antihypertensive effect was still present 24 hours after administration. Serum-converting enzyme activity was markedly suppressed for at least 24 hours. No significant differences were noted in plasma peak level and the area under the curve between the first and last days of treatment. These results suggest that cilazapril has a long-lasting effect and is a useful antihypertensive agent in controlling blood pressure in hypertensive patients with renal failure.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of single and consecutive doses of cilazapril and its depressor effects in patients with essential hypertension.

The pharmacokinetic properties and antihypertensive effects of cilazapril, a long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, were investigated in five patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (mean age 57 years, mean serum creatinine 1.2 mg/dL, mean glomerular filtration rate 69 mL/min/1.73m2, mean blood pressure 158/94 mm Hg). All patients were hospitalized and placed on a constant sodium diet (7 g of NaCl/day) throughout the study. After an overnight fast, a 1.25-mg dose of cilazapril was given orally once a day for 5 or 8 days. On the first and last days of treatment, blood samples were taken and blood pressure was measured. All patients tolerated cilazapril with no untoward effects. Cilazapril induced a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and its antihypertensive effect was still present 24 hours after administration. Serum ACE activity was markedly suppressed for at least 24 hours. The peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of cilazapril and its diacid were 117 and 24.6 ng/mL on the first treatment day, and 144 and 31.1 ng/mL on the last day. The area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) of cilazapril and its diacid were 408 and 227 ng.h/mL on the first day, and 501 and 305 ng.h/mL on the last day. In looking at the data gathered on the first and last treatment days, no significant differences were noted in Cmax and AUC values. These results suggest that cilazapril has a long-lasting effect and is a useful antihypertensive agent in controlling blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1988

Biphasic effects of alcohol drinking on methamphetamine metabolism in man.

In methamphetamine (MAP) addicts, long-term ethanol ingestion 3-4 times per week induced an increased rate of p-hydroxylation of MAP and amphetamine (AMP). Simultaneous ingestion of ethanol and MAP inhibited both p-hydroxylation of MAP and AMP and N-demethylation of MAP in inebriated addicts. The p-hydroxylation of MAP and AMP was also significantly inhibited in daily drinkers despite the almost total absence of urinary ethanol. This suggests that the intensity of MAP-induced behavioral and psychological effects in MAP addicts may, in part, depend upon their drinking habits.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Hunter's syndrome. An ultrastructural study of an autopsy case.

An autopsy case of a 10-year, 8-month-old boy with Hunter's syndrome is reported with emphasis on the ultrastructural findings of almost all the organs, except the brain. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in various organs as follows: nerve cells and glia in the spinal cord, hepatocytes and Kupffer cells in the liver, sinusoidal endothelium of the spleen, proximal tubules, podocytes and epithelium of Bowman's capsule of the kidney, interstitial fibroblast-like cells among cardiac muscle bundles, cardiac valves and aorta, exocrine and endocrine cells of the pancreas, adrenocortical cells, follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid. Leydig cells of the testis, chondrocytes, fibroblasts and endothelium of capillaries throughout the body. Three types of inclusion bodies were morphologically distinguishable. Type 1: clear vacuole, Type 2: zebra body, Type 3: clear vacuole with a lipid-like lamellar structure. The clear vacuole (Type 1) was thought to represent an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, and the zebra body (Type 2), probably ganglioside. The type 3 inclusion body might be an intermediate and mixed form of the type 1 and type 2 inclusions. Histochemical study also suggested that the type 3 inclusion body contained glycosaminoglycan and a type of lipid.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1988

Spontaneous fractures of the hip in the elderly.

The authors found 41 patients with 42 fractures of the hip who had no distinct history of trauma in the total of 1,449 hip fractures treated. They were all women ranging in age from 64 to 91 years. Most of the fractures were of intracapsular type. Three extracapsular fractures, however, were found. Fractures were randomly selected with clear history of trauma, which were matched to the patients with no trauma for age, sex, and type of fracture as a control group. The grades of osteoporosis of the femoral neck, estimated with the Singh index, and of the spine, estimated with the spinal score, were noted statistically significantly higher in the patients than those in the control group. Most of spontaneous fractures of the hip in the elderly are considered similar phenomena to the compression fractures of the dorsolumbar spine.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Electron microscopic pathological patterns of alveolar septum in acute dextran-induced and alloxan-induced pulmonary edema in dogs.

We studied the incidence of electron microscopic pathological patterns of the alveolar septum observed 30 min after induction of pulmonary edema by dextran-70 infusion (6 dogs, dextran group) and by alloxan injection (6 dogs, alloxan group). For comparable amounts of extravascular lung water in both dextran and alloxan groups, which were twice as much as control group (6 dogs), we characterized the pathological changes. The incidence of the electron microscopic pathological patterns that appeared in dextran group compared with that in control group was significantly high in terms of the widening of the interstitial space, dispersion and disarray of collagen fibrils, and erythrocytes in the interstitial space. The incidence in alloxan group compared with that in control group was significantly high in terms of the swelling of epithelial cells and endothelial cells as well as the widening of the interstitial space, and dispersion and disarray of collagen fibrils. We conclude that dextran causes interstitial changes exclusively and alloxan causes cellular changes primarily coupled with secondary interstitial changes in acute pulmonary edema.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1988

Measurement of sulfidopeptide leukotrienes and their metabolism in human synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Leukotriene (LT)C4 in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis deformans (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) after extraction with Sep-Pak C18 cartridge. The amounts of immunoreactive LTC4 (i-LTC4) in samples from patients with OA and RA were not significantly different, being 0.198 +/- 0.018 pmol/ml (n = 11) and 0.179 +/- 0.016 pmol/ml (n = 12), respectively. After separation by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and measurement by RIA, the levels of other sulfidopeptide LTs, such as LTD4 and LTE4, in synovial fluid from patients with RA were found to be significantly higher than those in fluid from patients with OA. The leukocyte number in synovial fluids did not correlate with the i-LTC4 level. The metabolic activities of these synovial fluids were determined by incubating them with 3H-LTC4 and then separating sulfidopeptide LTs by HPLC. The conversion of LTC4 to LTD4 in synovial fluids of patients with OA and RA were similar, but the dipeptidase activity converting LTD4 to LTE4 was higher in fluid from patients with RA. It is suggested that a high level of LTE4 may contribute to exudation of synovial fluid, since LTE4 increases vascular permeability.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

Electrical stimulation of ligament healing. An experimental study of the patellar ligament of rabbits.

To examine the effects of direct electric current on ligament healing in rabbits, a full-thickness defect of the patellar ligament was electrically stimulated for time periods of up to seven weeks. The rabbits were randomly assigned to biomechanical and biochemical studies, and healing was evaluated by these parameters. Electrical stimulation was shown to restore tensile stiffness in a short period of time and to decrease the relative proportion of Type III collagen more rapidly than in the control group. However, electrical stimulation did not change the collagen content of newly formed tissue. Electricity enhances the repair process of the ligament by changing the ratio of collagen types.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen in bladder cancer tissues detected by monoclonal antibody.

Monoclonal antibodies against Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-Ag) were obtained by the hybridoma technique. The expression of T-Ag in 73 specimens of bladder cancer was examined by the immunofluorescence method using these monoclonal antibodies. Seventeen (53%) of grade I, 18 (44%) of grade II and 5 (50%) of grade III were diffusely stained with anti-T. Of the T-negative tumors, 14 (44%) of grade I and 13 (32%) of grade II showed positive staining after neuraminidase treatment (cryptic T-positive) while only 1 (10%) of grade III was cryptic T-positive. On the contrary, only 1 case (3%) of grade I was cryptic T-negative while 10 (24%) of grade II and 4 (40%) of grade III (were. The T-antigen expression and the histological grades correlated significantly (p less than 0.05). Twenty-eight (70%) of the T-positive cases and 9 (60%) of the cryptic T-negative cases recurred while only 3 (11%) of the cryptic T-positive cases did (p less than 0.01). The monoclonal antibodies were more useful than peanut lectin (PNA) or conventional polyclonal antibodies on the detection of T-antigen.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

In vitro calcification in human osteoblastic cell line derived from periosteum.

Human osteoblastic cell cultures were established from human periosteum, identified on the basis of high alkaline phosphatase activity in the confluent state. The cells in the growing state showed a fibroblastic morphology and grew to form multiple layers. The cells could spontaneously calcify, and the process was accelerated by alpha-glycerophosphate. Minerals deposited on the cells consisted exclusively of calcium and phosphorus, and matured into hydroxyapatite crystals. The calcification was stimulated by the treatment with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3. These results indicate that the osteoblastic cells have the capacity to differentiate into osteocytes and form calcified human bone tissue in vitro.

Adult↗