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Biomedical subjects

H Oda

Publications and source records attributed to H Oda.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Concentric electrodes for producing acupuncture-like anesthetic effects.

We designed concentric electrodes composed of a center electrode and an outer ring electrode. Electrical stimulation with two sets of such electrodes for 15 min as conditioning stimuli was given to the left hand of 35 adult subjects to induce acupuncture-like anesthetic effects. The effects immediately after the conditioning were compared between stimulation through a pair of center electrodes alone at 3 Hz (conditioning 1) and simultaneous stimulation of 3 Hz through a pair of center electrodes and 100 Hz through a pair of outer ring electrodes (conditioning 2). In conditioning 2, modulating effects of 100 Hz stimuli through a pair of outer ring electrodes made it possible to increase the voltage strength of 3 Hz stimuli through a pair of center electrodes with maintaining the minimum perception of pricking sensation. In both conditioning procedures, muscle twitching was not accompanied. It was found that the respective stimulating current thresholds for faint touch sensation and also for pricking sensation at the right forearm could be elevated significantly more by conditioning 2 (1.54 and 1.40 times) than by conditioning 1 (1.20 and 1.14 times).

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1990

[Arachnoid cyst of the fourth ventricle. Case report].

A 65-year-old female was admitted because of progressive vertigo, truncal ataxia, and unsteadiness of gait for the past 6 years. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a non-enhanced, large midline cyst in the posterior fossa and slightly dilated lateral and third ventricles. Metrizamide CT cisternography showed no communication between the cyst and the subarachnoid space. Suboccipital craniectomy, laminectomy of the atlas, and membranectomy of the cyst were performed. On light microscopic examination, the cyst wall was composed of arachnoid cells and connective tissues. Thus, this lesion was not an epithelial cyst but an arachnoid cyst occupying the fourth ventricle. An arachnoid cyst of the fourth ventricle is extremely rare, and only two cases were previously reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Hyperlipoproteinemia in rats fed polychlorinated biphenyls.

Hypercholesterolemia due to feeding of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and due to feeding of high cholesterol was compared. Rats in control group were fed a 25% casein diet, and those in PCB group or cholesterol group were fed the 25% casein diet supplemented with 0.03% PCB or 1% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid, respectively. Lipoprotein mass (d less than 1.21 g/ml) was higher 1.9- and 1.3-fold in rats fed PCB and cholesterol, respectively, as compared with controls. In rats fed PCB, protein, cholesterol, and phospholipid in the lipoprotein fraction markedly increased. Cholesterol-feeding resulted in the increase in pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol, while PCB-feeding increased alpha-lipoprotein cholesterol and slightly slow migrated pre-beta-lipoprotein cholesterol. PCB-treated rats had more apolipoprotein A-I in the lipoprotein fraction than control and cholesterol-fed rats. The data demonstrated that hyperlipoproteinemia induced by PCB is a novel alpha-lipoproteinemia and a useful model for investigating metabolism of high density lipoprotein.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Comparative studies on soy protein and rice protein for cholesterol metabolism in rats.

The serum level of cholesterol in rats fed a diet containing soy protein isolate was lower than that in rats fed either casein or rice protein at the level of 15% even after one day feeding, although fecal excretion of bile acids of rats fed soy protein isolate was almost equal with that of rats fed rice protein. Similar effect was also observed in the secretion rate of lipoproteins from the liver. Dietary proteins may affect the synthesis of apolipoproteins directly or through the hormonal system.

Absorption↗
PubMed1990

[Study of a monoclonal antibody against new epithelial membrane antigens of transitional cell carcinoma].

Immunizing mice with a transitional cell cancer (TCC) tissue in the renal pelvis, we produced a monoclonal antibody (EH14) against new epithelial antigens. After the mice were immunized repeatedly, their splenic cells were harvested and fused with NS/1 myeloma cells. The normal kidney tissue of the same patient was used on Dot blots to select the hybridoma. A a result, one hybridoma whose antibody (EH14) reacted very strongly with TCC but only faintly with normal kidney tissue or normal bladder mucosa was obtained. On immunohistochemistry, EH14 stained all of the 29 TCC tissues. EH14 also stained uterus cancer (7/7) and gastric cancer (6/6) as well as the normal squamous cell and many types of the normal epithelium. All of the lymphnodes containing metastatic bladder cancer were strongly stained with EH14. EH14, however, did not stain interstitial tissues, muscles and sarcomas. The molecular weight of the antigen recognized by EH14 was 14KD and 28 KD on Western blot analysis, and the antigen was stable with formalin or ethanol. The antigen was not the same as that reported previously, and may be useful as a histological marker of TCC.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Esterified and total 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol in human serum as an indicator for hepatic bile acid synthesis.

Serum levels of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol and activities of hepatic microsomal cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase in surgical patients were analyzed by capillary gas-liquid chromatography-selected ion monitoring technique using a new internal standard, 5 alpha-cholestane-3 beta, 7 beta-diol. We found that concentrations of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol obtained after alkaline hydrolysis were higher than those without alkaline hydrolysis, indicating that a considerable amount of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol in human serum is present in esterified form. Esterified 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol could also be quantitatively hydrolyzed with cholesterol esterase, suggesting that fatty acid is bound at the 3 beta-position of the cholestenediol. The serum levels of esterified and free 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol in patients with cholelithiasis were 198.0 +/- 90.3 and 48.3 +/- 19.8 pmol/ml (mean +/- SD), respectively, and were similar to those in patients without hepatobiliary diseases. After treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid (300 mg per day) for 7 to 10 days, esterified and free 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol levels decreased to 64.9 +/- 33.6 and 20.5 +/- 11.1 pmol/ml, respectively. Activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase was also inhibited. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (600 mg per day) for 7 to 10 days had no inhibitory effect on serum 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol levels and the enzyme activity. In all groups, high correlations were found between the activity of cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and serum levels of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol: free (r = 0.71, n = 38, P less than 0.001); esterified (r = 0.87, n = 38, P less than 0.001); total (r = 0.87, n = 38, P less than 0.001). Esterified and total 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol was more highly correlated with the enzyme activity than the free form. We conclude that a significant amount of 3 beta-acyl esters of 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol is present in human serum and that serum levels of esterified and/or total 7 alpha-hydroxycholesterol are likely to reflect the activity of hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and thus the amount of primary bile acids synthesized in the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An echocardiographic study of alcoholic cardiomyopathy after total abstinence].

Left ventricular function of alcoholic cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure was investigated by echocardiography during total abstinence for six months. In five of 13 cases, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was normalized to 55% or more and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd) was reduced to 5.7 cm or less during the study. In the remaining eight patients, no improvement was observed. In the responsive group, two patients showed an increase of LVEF and a reduction of LVEDd simultaneously, but three showed an earlier change in LVEDd. This normalization of LVEF and LVEDd was recognized from three to 12 weeks after abstinence. No significant differences were detected between the responsive and non-responsive groups concerning their age, daily intake of alcohol and period of drinking, NYHA cardiac functional class, the period of experiencing cardiac symptoms and the cardiothoracic ratio by chest radiography. The ratio of left ventricular radius to wall thickness (R/Th) remained 2.9 or less in all of the responsive group, but seven of eight in the non-responsive group showed 2.9 or more. Left atrial dimension was reduced to the normal range except in one, but its normalization did not correlate with the change of left ventricular function. Consequently, after total abstinence from alcohol intake, both left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and ejection fraction improved rapidly, and their normalization could be highly expected. Echocardiography is very helpful in predicting the effect of total abstinence on left ventricular function in alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Three-dimensional change of the occlusal facets in primary dentition before and after the eruption of first permanent molars].

A system to measure the three-dimensional architecture of the occlusal surface was developed to clarify the three-dimensional change of the morphology of occlusal facets that was considered as the trace mark of the chewing function. The three-dimensional measuring and analyzing system of the occlusal surface was composed of two components, the measuring system to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates on the surface contour of the tooth crown and the analyzing system to calculate the minute morphology in the three dimensions. The reproducibility of this system was evaluated with use of the standard block of stainless steel designed for this purpose and was shown to be very accurate. By application of this system, the three-dimensional changes of the occlusal facets on primary canines and primary second molars were investigated on the serial primary dental casts taken before and after the eruption of the first permanent molars from eleven children (seven boys and four girls). The results were as follows: On the primary second molars of the maxilla and mandible, before the eruption of the first permanent molars, the occlusal facets were distributed mainly on the functional cusps. The occlusal facets were found also on the non-functional cusps after the eruption of first permanent molars. As a consequence, the increase in the number of occlusal facets from before to after the eruption of first permanent molars was statistically significant for both maxillary and mandibular primary second molars. In regard to the morphological change in three dimensions, the occlusal facets that were facing mesially or distally before the eruption of first permanent molars changed its direction buccally or lingually and became almost parallel to the datum plane of the mandibular dental arch after the eruption of the first permanent molars. It was also found that the occlusal facets of both jaws in the occlusal relationship were almost parallel to each other. In addition, the amounts of angular change before and after the eruption of first permanent molars were significantly correlated between the maxillary and mandibular occlusal facets. It can be concluded that the coordinating change of the occlusal facets in three dimensions may exist between both jaws during the development of chewing function.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[A comparative clinical trial of UFT medication and intravesical BCG in the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer. Study Group of UFT and BCG adjuvant therapy for bladder cancer].

In sixty-four patients who had TUR-bt for superficial bladder cancer, the effect of intravesical BCG and UFT medication were compared. Group A (n = 20) were treated with BCG, group B (n = 22) were treated with UFT and group C (n = 22) were treated with both agents. The patients were followed up for more than 12 months by cystoscopy at a interval of 3 months, urinary cytology and bladder cold cup biopsy, if necessary. Thirteen of the 20 patients in group A and 13 of the 22 patients in group B were free of tumors, compared to 5 of the 22 patients in group C. Although the recurrence-free-rate in each group does not differ significantly, the combination therapy of intravesical BCG and UFT medication seems to decrease the rate of tumor recurrence for superficial bladder cancer. Side effects of BCG and UFT were tolerated well.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1990

[A case of aprindine-induced pneumonitis].

A 73-year-old man had been treated with Aprindine because of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. On July 13, 1987, five months after the commencement of aprindine administration, he developed dyspnea and low grade fever. His chest X-ray revealed multiple infiltrative shadows in both lung fields. He was treated by various antibiotics, but the infiltrative shadows increased. BALF showed increased percentage of lymphocytes and a decrease in the OKT4/T8 ratio, and the histological findings of TBLB carried out on August 6, 1987, showed alveolitis with Masson bodies. The lymphocyte stimulation test by drugs was positive only for aprindine. After cessation of Aprindine administration, his complaints and laboratory data improved, but his abnormal shadow on chest X-ray did not diminish completely. Open lung biopsy was performed for differential diagnosis of BOOP, on Sep. 14, 1987. The histopathology of specimens of the lung was compatible with drug-induced pneumonitis. The administration of 30 mg of prednisolone was started on Oct. 14, 1987, and the dosage was decreased gradually. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray improved. To our knowledge, there has been no reported case of Aprindine-induced pneumonitis, and this could be the first report.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Direct inhibitory synaptic connections of pontine omnipause neurons with burst neurons in Forel's field H related to vertical saccades in the cat.

This study investigated synaptic connections of omnipause neurons (OPNs) in the midline pontine tegmentum with medium-lead burst neurons (BNs) in Forel's field H (FFH), using the spike-triggered averaging technique in chronically prepared alert cats. OPNs were identified behaviorally by tonic firing during the intersaccadic period, whereas medium-lead BNs were identified by spike bursts during upward or downward saccades. A positive shift of field potential in the BN area, associated with suppression of the BNs' bursts, was observed during tonic firing of OPNs and during microstimulation in the OPN area. Averaging of BN area field potentials triggered by spikes of single OPNs on both sides, which were antidromically evoked from the BN area, revealed positive waves with monosynaptic latencies. These results strongly suggest that OPNs on both sides make direct inhibitory synaptic connections with vertical eye movement-related medium-lead BNs in the FFH.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1989

Establishment of human osteoblastic cells derived from periosteum in culture.

We isolated osteoblastic cells derived from human periosteum and established them in culture. Their growth depended on the presence of ascorbic acid, and the doubling time was 40 to 60 h. The requirement for ascorbic acid was used to high production of collagen. These cells produced mainly type I collagen and only small amounts of type III collagen determined by reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The total collagen yield was about 10 mg from 2 X 10(7) cells. The cells could be continuously cultured in alpha-minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum for 18 to 40 population doubling levels, depending on the age of the donated periosteum. These cells have the ability to calcify when incubated with 2 mM alpha-glycerophosphate-Na2. Calcification as viewed by the naked eye appeared from Day 15 after treatment. Treatment with the active formed vitamin D3, 1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 enhanced calcification significantly and stimulated osteocalcin production. By electron microscopy, cells with many projections on their surfaces showed well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and actinlike fibers, and larger numbers of lysosomes, mitochondria, and secretion granules. Many matrix vesicles, in which minerals were initially localized, and well-banded collagen fibrils were seen in the intercellular spaces. These observations demonstrate typical osteoblastic morphology. The above results indicate that cultured cells from human periostem are osteoblastic cells that have the capacity to differentiate into osteocytes and to deposit calcified minerals in response to 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Effect of dietary ascorbic acid, cholesterol and PCB on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in a rat mutant unable to synthesize ascorbic acid.

The effect of acute or chronic ascorbic acid deficiency on the activity of hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and fecal excretion of bile acids was investigated in ODS-od/od (OD) rats (a rat mutant unable to synthesize ascorbic acid) fed a purified basal diet or purified diets containing either cholesterol (2%) or polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) (200 mg/kg). In OD rats, the dietary requirement of ascorbic acid to maintain normal growth and normal levels of cholesterol in serum and liver is about 300 mg of ascorbic acid/kg diet. In OD rats fed the basal diet, acute or chronic ascorbic acid deficiency did not affect the activity of hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and fecal excretion of bile acids. However, in OD rats fed diets containing either cholesterol or PCB, acute ascorbic acid deficiency caused a higher level of serum cholesterol, a lower activity of hepatic cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase and a lower excretion of fecal bile acids than in OD rats fed a basal diet containing an adequate level of ascrobic acid. It is concluded that acute ascorbic acid deficiency causes a hypercholesterolemia due to the depression of bile acid synthesis in OD rats fed a purified diet with cholesterol or PCB.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Human atrial natriuretic peptide in aortic and coronary sinus blood during atrial pacing in patients with ischemic heart disease.

This study investigated the plasma concentrations of human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) of blood samples obtained from the aorta and coronary sinus (CS) in 19 male patients (mean age of 52.8 +/- 2.1 years) with ischemic heart disease before and during atrial pacing. The plasma concentrations of hANP were measured by radioimmunoassay, and the secretion rate of hANP was calculated on the basis of the CS-aorta difference in plasma hANP concentration and the CS flow rate recorded at blood sampling. Before atrial pacing, aortic plasma hANP concentration showed a significant positive correlation with mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r = 0.67, p less than 0.002) or mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = 0.71, p less than 0.001), and a significant negative correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction (r = -0.50, p less than 0.05). During atrial pacing, aortic plasma hANP concentration increased from 67 +/- 13 (SEM) to 151 +/- 33 pg/ml (p less than 0.01), CS plasma hANP concentration from 727 +/- 121 to 1205 +/- 228 pg/ml (p less than 0.01), and the hANP secretion rate from 45.4 +/- 14.8 to 86.8 +/- 28.2 ng/min (p less than 0.05, n = 12). The aortic plasma hANP concentration was significantly correlated with the CS plasma hANP concentration (r = 0.81, p less than 0.001) or the hANP secretion rate (r = 0.70, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Atrial Natriuretic Factor↗
PubMed1989

Relationship between the production of spirosomes and anaerobic glycolysis activity in Escherichia coli B.

The effects of culture conditions (aerobic or anaerobic) and glucose in the medium on the production of spirosomes in Escherichia coli B were studied by SDS-PAGE and electron microscopy. The Mr of the spirosome of E. coli B was estimated to be 97,000. Electron microscopy revealed that the amount of spirosomes derived from anaerobic cultures was about eightfold larger than that from aerobic cultures. In SDS-PAGE, the bands of spirosome protein derived from anaerobic cultures were more intense than those derived from aerobic cultures, either in peptone water or in Davis-Mingioli's minimal medium. With increased glucose concentration under aerobic conditions, the intensity of the band of spirosome protein was similar to that observed under anaerobic conditions in basal media. These results suggest that spirosome production by E. coli B is related to its anaerobic glycolysis activity.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1989

Isolation of a Coxiella burnetii strain that has low virulence for mice from a patient with acute Q fever.

Coxiella burnetii was isolated from a patient with Q fever. It could not be determined whether this was an imported case or an indigenous one. Identification of the isolate was made by electron microscopic morphology and the indirect fluorescent antibody test with convalescent-phase serum from a Q fever patient having a known titer of antibody to C. burnetii. The isolated strain, named TK-1, caused no symptoms in ddY and BALB/c mice except when the mice were treated with cyclophosphamide.

Animals↗