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Biomedical subjects

H Oda

Publications and source records attributed to H Oda.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Torsion of a seminoma in an intrascrotal testis. A case report].

We report a case of torsion of an intrascrotal testicular tumor. The patient was a 54-year-old man with a chief complaint of swelling and pain in the left scrotum. A testicular scan using 99mtechnetium RBC demonstrated a large cold area of isotope uptake showing loss of blood flow in his left scrotal content. Pre operative diagnosis was acute testicular torsion. A torsed testicle was delivered through an inguinal incision. The testicle appeared to be twisted 720 degrees clock wise. It was swollen and bluish in color. The blood flow did not recover after the relief of twisting. Radical orchiectomy was performed. The histology demonstrated a seminoma. He was free of disease 4 years after surgery. A torsion of testicular tumor in an undescended testis has been reported sporadically. However, the torsion of the intrascrotal testicular tumor is very rare. There have been 5 reported cases in the world literature and this case seems to be the first one in Japan.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[Endourologic treatment of the upper urinary tract obstruction in the advanced cancer patients].

88 cancer patients with an upper urinary tract obstruction were endourologically treated. The obstructions were caused by metastasis or invasion of cancer in all patients. First we tried to insert a ureteral stent catheter (STENT). When it failed percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) was performed. Initially 69 and 19 patients were treated by STENT and PCN, respectively. Of 69 patients with STENT, 13 received PCN later. The average survival of all patients after treatment was 5.7 months. About 60% of the patients were discharged from hospital. The patients treated by STENT and PCN survived for 5.4 months and 6.7 months in average. The STENT was changed 1.8 times on the average in all patients. 79% of the patients who had been treated by STENT experienced only one or two times of STENT changes before dying. Patency period of inserted STENT was studied. On the average the STENT occluded after 72.4 days. The patent period of STENT was longer in the patients group of prophylactic STENT insertion for hydronephrosis. The period was shorter in the patients who showed gross hematuria at the time of surgery. Patent period of STENT was not related to STENT size. Although survival was not so long, over 60% of the patients were able to return to their homes. Endourologic treatment of urinary obstruction was performed in only 6 patients in 1985. The number of such cases has been increasing gradually and currently 20 patients are treated annually. It is supposed that there are many more cancer patients with urinary tract obstruction in their end-stage.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Experimental study on interpositional arthroplasty using collagen membrane].

The efficacy of collagen membrane was compared with that of fascia for interpositional arthroplasty in 45 knee joints of rabbits. Under general anesthesia, a parapatellar incision was made in the right knee and the articular cartilage of the femur and tibia was removed. Then either atelocollagen membrane derived from bovine tendon or autogenous fascia was placed over the femoral condylar defect. The animals were subsequently sacrificed after 3 to 12 weeks, and the right knee joints were removed for histological and roentogenological examination. At six weeks after interposition of the collagen membrane, the femoral and tibial defects were both covered with fibrocartilage. The joint space was preserved throughout the postoperative period. Radiological examination showed that the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia underwent smoothing and remodelling in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, the knee joints with fascia grafts showed the development of adhesions even at 3 weeks, and the joint cavity was filled with scar tissue at 12 weeks. Thus, the present study indicated that collagen membrane may be clinically efficient for interpositional arthroplasty.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Echography of inferior vena cava for estimating fluid removed from patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Twenty-eight chronic hemodialysis patients were studied, and 118 consecutive measurements of the diameter of their inferior vena cava (VCD) were performed with ultrasonography. There was a significant correlation between the percent change in VCD in the expiratory phase (delta VCD-E%) and the percent change of in body weight (delta BW%). The average VCD-E in predialysis was 10.7 +/- 3.2 mm/m2 and this value decreased gradually following ultrafiltration and reached a minimal diameter of 7.5 +/- 2.8 mm/m2 in postdialysis. Three cases developed hypotension due to fluid removal. Their VCD-E value showed a rapid reduction below 7.5 mm/m2 in the early phase of hemodialysis, then maintained a plateau. The hypotension was thought to be caused by hypovolemia due to overdehydration. We conclude that VCD-E was an effective indicator for determining the volume of fluid removed, and the dry weight was attained safely and correctly by means of undergoing ultrafiltration to keep the value of VCD-E above 7.5 +/- 2.8 mm/m2.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Breaks in the pars plicata following surgery for atopic cataract.

Two cases involving retinal detachment caused by breaks in the pars plicata of the ciliary body are presented. In both, retinal detachment developed following surgery for atopic cataract. The residual lens capsules contracted with evidence of fibrotic change. Nonpigmented ciliary epithelium appeared to have become detached and torn by traction through the zonules of Zinn.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Clinical features of end-stage renal failure in patients with essential hypertension.

The development and progress of renal deterioration in patients with essential hypertension administered antihypertensive therapy remain unclear. In this retrospective analysis, we divided 25 essential hypertension patients who eventually required hemodialysis (HD) from 1981 to 1990, into those with malignant essential hypertension (MEH) (N = 9) and those with benign essential hypertension (BEH) (N = 16), and analyzed the clinical features, the rate of renal deterioration, and outcome in each group. The patients with MEH were significantly younger, and had a shorter duration of hypertension than those with BEH. There were no significant differences between the two groups in urinary volume, cardiothoracic ratio, hematological findings or blood chemistry at the initiation of HD. However, blood pressure in the patients with MEH was significantly higher than that in the patients with BEH at that time despite antihypertensive treatment. There was also no significant difference between the groups in the slope of reciprocal creatinine. The latter was significantly correlated with the level of blood pressure and serum total cholesterol. Considering the outcome, all of the patients with MEH survived for 5 years. These results suggest that the more rapid progression of renal deterioration in the patients with essential hypertension might be related to the severity of hypertension and to lipid abnormalities during antihypertensive therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of manidipine hydrochloride on renal function in renal parenchymal hypertensive patients].

The incidence of renal parenchymal hypertension is highest in patients with secondary hypertension. It is important to prevent the progression of renal dysfunction by appropriate treatment, especially by means of antihypertensive drugs. Calcium channel blockers are considered to have the advantage as antihypertensive drugs of maintaining the renal blood flow, even though the perfusion pressure may be decreased. However, these drugs can involve the risk of deteriorating the glomerular function due to hyperfiltration. To investigate whether calcium channel blockers can prevent the deterioration of renal function in renal parenchymal hypertensive patients, we administered manidipine hydrochloride (20 mg, once a day, 24 weeks) to 16 outpatients and evaluated its effects on blood pressure and renal function. The following results were obtained. (1) The systolic and diastolic pressure decreased from 2 and 4 weeks after administration, respectively. A stable antihypertensive effect appeared thereafter and no change was observed in the pulse rate. (2) The renal vascular resistance tended to decrease slightly. The glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow did not change in spite of the decreased perfusion pressure. (3) No changes were seen in urinary protein, endocrine factors and cardiac function. (4) In some of the cases with decreased GFR (< 70ml/min), the drug could not prevent deterioration of the renal function and did not produce an antihypertensive effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Clear cell sarcoma of kidney. Two cases in adults.

BACKGROUND: Clear cell sarcoma of kidney (CCSK) is an aggressive renal tumor occurring most frequently in the second and third years of life. Although it has been reported in the literature in patients as old as 21 years of age, there has been no report focusing on adults with CCSK. The authors describe two cases of CCSK in men and the findings at autopsy. METHODS AND RESULTS: Histologically, the renal tumors consisted of a homogeneous proliferation of polygonal or short spindle cells with faintly eosinophilic cytoplasm supported by a network of small vessels. Ultrastructurally, clusters of tumor cells were surrounded by collagen bundles. Elongated cytoplasmic processes, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum, and intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm; primitive desmosome-like junctional structures; and incomplete basal lamina were observed. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells had positive results only for vimentin. Cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, desmin, myoglobin, S-100 protein, neuron-specific enolase, and chromogranin A were not detected in the tumor cells. Both patients died within 2 years of onset of disease, and autopsy showed widespread metastases, especially in the soft tissue and bone. CONCLUSIONS: Morphologic findings and an aggressive clinical course with metastasis to the bone and soft tissue are supportive of the diagnosis of CCSK in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. A study of its proliferative activity.

BACKGROUND: Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is an uncommon renal tumor consisting of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Although this tumor shows highly malignant biologic behavior, little is known about its proliferative activity. METHODS: Twelve surgically resected sarcomatoid renal cell carcinomas were analyzed in terms of cell proliferative activity and compared with three ordinary grades of renal cell carcinomas (12, Grade 1; 12, Grade 2; and 8, Grade 3). The analysis was achieved by a silver stain for nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) and immunohistochemical demonstration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. RESULTS: The mean number of AgNOR in the nucleus of renal cell carcinoma was 1.5 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- standard deviation) for Grade 1, 2.6 +/- 0.3 for Grade 2, and 5.7 +/- 1.1 for Grade 3, but 7.8 +/- 2.0 was found for sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. The differences in the mean number of AgNOR per nucleus among the three grades and sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma were statistically significant (P < 0.01). PCNA labeling indexes (positive nuclear ratio) were 4.8 +/- 2.7%, 19.8 +/- 5.6%, 37.8 +/- 6.6% in Grades 1, 2, and 3, respectively, and 45.5 +/- 13.3% in sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma. The differences in the mean number of PCNA labeling indexes between Grades 1 or 2 and sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma were statistically significant (P < 0.005). The AgNOR count correlated well with the reactivity of tumor cells for PCNA (correlation coefficient, 0.845; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is a highly proliferative renal cell carcinoma, which may be related to its aggressive biologic behavior.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Parachordoma: an ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.

A case of parachordoma of the left calf in a 19-year-old Chinese female is reported. The tumour showed multinodular growth pattern and consisted of round or oval tumour cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and myxoid matrix. Tumour cells formed small nests and sometimes showed concentric arrangement. Physaliferous-like cells and undifferentiated spindle cells were occasionally observed among the cell nests. The myxoid matrix was positive for high-iron diamine stain, indicating the presence of chondroitin 4- and 6-sulphates and keratan sulphate. Ultrastructurally, well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, abundant intermediate filaments, microvillous cytoplasmic processes, pinocytic vesicles, and desmosome-like junctional structures were found. Tumour cells were positive for S-100 protein and vimentin, but negative for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and desmin. These results are consistent with the definition of parachordoma as a soft tissue neoplasm consisting of cells with histology and ultrastructure similar to those of chordoma cells but with immunohistochemistry similar to that of chondroid tumour cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Assessment of area at risk and efficacy of treatment in patients with acute coronary syndrome using 99mTc tetrofosmin imaging in humans.

The determination of the myocardium at risk before intervention and the change in that region after intervention constitute a promising measurement tool for the assessment of acute therapy. A new 99mTc labeled myocardial blood flow tracer, 99mTc tetrofosmin, is expected to enable the evaluation of myocardium at risk because of the absence of redistribution. This preliminary study was performed in 9 patients with acute coronary syndrome (4 unstable angina and 5 acute myocardial infarction) to investigate whether recovery of perfusion by tetrofosmin imaging parallels mechanical improvement. Tetrofosmin imaging was performed acutely and 3-30 days later. Visual analysis of defect severity was assessed in both studies. Segments with improvement in perfusion were accompanied by significant wall motion recovery compared with normal and unimproved segments (delta WMI: normal segments 0.40 +/- 0.67, improved segments 1.79 +/- 0.68, unimproved segments -0.15 +/- 0.16, p < 0.01 for improved segments compared with other groups), suggesting the efficacy of this tracer for the assessment of the acute therapy. These data suggest that 99mTc tetrofosmin imaging is a useful method for the assessment of the myocardial area at risk and the efficacy of acute therapy in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Identification of a Drosophila homologue of alpha-catenin and its association with the armadillo protein.

The cadherin cell adhesion system plays a central role in cell-cell adhesion in vertebrates, but its homologues are not identified in the invertebrate. alpha-Catenins are a group of proteins associated with cadherins, and this association is crucial for the cadherins' function. Here, we report the cloning of a Drosophila alpha-catenin gene by low stringent hybridization with a mouse alpha E-catenin probe. Isolated cDNAs encoded a 110-kD protein with 60% identity to mouse alpha E-catenin, and this protein was termed D alpha-catenin. The gene of this protein was located at the chromosome band 80B. Immunostaining analysis using a mAb to D alpha-catenin revealed that it was localized to cell-cell contact sites, expressed throughout development and present in a wide variety of tissues. When this protein was immunoprecipitated from detergent extracts of Drosophila embryos or cell lines, several proteins co-precipitated. These included the armadillo product which was known to be a Drosophila homologue of beta-catenin, another cadherin-associated protein in vertebrates, and a 150-kD glycoprotein. These results strongly suggest that Drosophila has a cell adhesion machinery homologous to the vertebrate cadherin-catenin system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Tumor promotion by fecapentaene-12 in a rat colon carcinogenesis model.

Fecapentaenes are a group of fecal mutagens produced by anaerobic microflora of the colon. The potential of fecapentaene-12 (FP-12) to promote tumor development was tested in a rat colon carcinogenesis model using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) as the initiating agent. Two groups of female F-344 rats were initiated by intrarectal instillations of MNU (2 mg in 0.5 ml H2O, 3 times a week, for 3 weeks; MNU and MNU + FP-12 groups). Two additional groups (FP-12 and Control) were given H2O without carcinogen. In the post-initiation phase, rats of the MNU + FP-12 and FP-12 groups were intrarectally administered 400 ng of FP-12 in 0.5 ml T-E buffer, twice a week, for 24 weeks, whereas the MNU and Control groups received the vehicle only. Tumors were found only in the MNU and MNU + FP-12 groups, their number being higher in the latter. The number of carcinoma bearing rats as well as the average number of carcinomas per rat were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the MNU + FP-12 group as compared to the MNU-alone values. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were found in all carcinogen-treated rats, including those that did not contain tumors, whereas none were observed in the FP-12 and Control groups. The average number of ACF/cm2 was also significantly higher in the MNU+FP-12 group, as was the case for the average number of ACF containing > 10 aberrant crypts per focus. These findings suggest that FP-12 can express promoting activity in chemical induced colon carcinogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of erythromycin on neutrophil adhesion molecules].

The mechanisms of erythromycin (EM) in chronic lower respiratory tract diseases including diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) has been reported. In this study we investigated the effect of EM on peripheral neutrophil adhesion molecules such as LFA-1 and Mac-1 obtained from six healthy subjects. Pretreatment of neutrophils with each concentration (10 ng/ml approximately 100 micrograms/ml) of EM resulted in no significant reduction in the expression of LFA-1 alpha, beta and Mac-1. Moreover, EM had no capability of reducing these expressions even when neutrophils were pretreated with 1 microgram/ml of EM at time from 0 to 60 min. These findings indicate that EM does not directly reduce the expression of LFA-1 alpha, beta and Mac-1 on peripheral neutrophil obtained from healthy subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of the genome of the Rhodococcus rhodochrous bacteriophage NJL.

Temperate bacteriophage NJL of Rhodococcus rhodochrous has a 49-kb linear double-stranded DNA with cohesive ends (cos). NJL DNA has unique target sites for HindIII and SspI, two target sites each for NheI and ScaI, and no cleavage site for AxyI, DraI, EcoRI, SacI, and SphI. The single-stranded regions of cos ends were ligated to each other with T4 DNA ligase, removed with mung bean nuclease, or blunted with the Klenow large fragment of DNA polymerase I; then the sequences of the cos ends were determined. Comparison of these sequences revealed that the single-stranded regions are complementary and 18 bases long and protrude at the 3' ends; they have the following sequences: 5'-TTGGCACCGTGGGAGGAG-3' and 3'-AACCGTGGCAC CCTCCTC-5'. A physical map of NJL was constructed by a cos mapping method based on information about the structure of the cohesive ends and multiple digestions with restriction endonucleases.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1993

Spatial features of calcium transients during early and delayed afterdepolarizations.

Although changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) are spatially heterogeneous during spontaneous contraction in mammalian cardiac muscle, it has not yet been observed how [Ca2+]i changes spatially within cardiac myocytes during delayed (DADs) and early (EADs) afterdepolarizations. The aim of this study is to characterize the spatial features of the increase in [Ca2+]i during such afterdepolarizations and to understand the ionic mechanisms responsible for them. Myocytes were enzymatically isolated from guinea pig ventricles and loaded with fura 2-acetoxymethylester, the Ca2+ fluorescence indicator dye. Membrane potential was recorded with a conventional microelectrode technique, and spatiotemporal changes in fura 2 fluorescence and cell length were recorded using a digital television system. After superfusion with potassium-free Tyrode solution, DADs and EADs were induced. During DADs, fluorescence transients were heterogeneous within myocytes (n = 11). Furthermore, they often propagated within myocytes as if they were "waves." In contrast, during EADs, fluorescence transients showed no waves within myocytes but rather showed synchronous changes throughout the myocytes (n = 15). The results of this study suggest that the spatial features of the increase in [Ca2+]i differ between the DADs and EADs. We concluded from these differing features that the ionic mechanisms responsible for the two triggered activities are different.

Animals↗