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Biomedical subjects

H Obertop

Publications and source records attributed to H Obertop.

245 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Onset of cell proliferation in the shortened gut. Rapid hyperplasia after jejunal resection.

Early manifestations of cell proliferation were studied in the large and small bowel of young female rats after resection of the proximal one-third of the small bowel. On the 2nd day after resection, the absolute amounts of RNA and DNA increased in gut distal to the resection. As compared with values from sham-resected gut, nucleic acid levels in much of the distal small bowel and colon increased. Increased specific activity in DNA after injection of [3H]thymidine was present in the small bowel on the 2nd day. Changes were marked and persistent in midgut for 10 days, tending to be less intense and of shorter duration in segments progressively more distal. Compensatory cell proliferation in midgut occurs within 2 days of jejunectomy.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effect of donor blood on renal allograft survival in DL-A tissue typed beagle littermates.

A single transfusion of 200 ml of donor blood 14 days before renal transplantation in prospectively DL-A tissue typed beagle littermates appeared to have an effect on graft survival. Seventeen per cent of the recipients did respond to the transfusion with formation of lymphocytotoxic and haemagglutinating antibodies. These "responder dogs" rejected kidney grafts in an accelerated way, compared with the "nonresponders" and with the nontreated control dogs. Responsiveness appeared to occur in pairs of littermates, which suggests that responding potency is genetically determined. There was histological evidence of acute arteritis in the renal grafts of responders, whereas cell-mediated rejection was noted in nonresponders.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of anti-donor serum (ADS) and donor cells on renal allograft survival in DL-A tissue-typed littermate beagles.

The influence of passive and active immunization on kidney allograft survival was tested in littermate beagles differing in one and two DL-A haplotypes. Immunization by treatment of recipients with hyperimmune antidonor serum (ADS) prolonged graft survival only in a few donor-recipient combinations differing in one DL-A haplotype. All ADS batches that were tested in MLC reaction did block this reaction, but no correlation with its in vivo activities was found. Hyperimmunization of recipients with donor lymphoid cells before grafting caused a second-set rejection, whereas one injection with donor blood did so only in 14%, with antibody production and accelerated rejection. A short course of horse antidog lymphocyte serum (HADLS) prolonged kidney graft survival. The addition of intravenously given donor bone-marrow cells to this protocol did not lead to a further increase in graft survival.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophageal cancer phospholipid characterization by 31P NMR.

Phospholipid extracts of surgical tissue specimens from 18 patients, consisting of normal esophagus, distal esophageal tumor and normal stomach, were analyzed using 31P NMR. The prominent phospholipids detected in these tissues included cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogen, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), sphingomyelin (SPH), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Very small quantities of the phospholipids lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, and an uncharacterized phospholipid at -0.13 delta also were detected in some of the 54 tissue specimens analyzed. The mean relative concentrations of these phospholipids, in mole percentages of total detected phosphorus, were determined from the acquired spectra and used to differentiate among the three tissue groups. The relative concentrations of the following phospholipids differed significantly (p < 0.001) among the respective tissue groups: normal esophagus vs esophageal tumor, PS, SPH, PI, PC; normal esophagus vs normal stomach, CL, PE, PS, SPH; esophageal tumor vs normal stomach, CL, PE. Membrane phospholipids implicated in modulating the growth and metastases of tumors of epithelial origin can be profiled to discriminate among normal esophagus, distal esophageal tumor and normal stomach using 31P NMR.

Cardiolipins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meckel's diverticulum in Amsterdam: experience in 136 patients.

The object of this study was to establish the relation of symptomatic diverticula to the age and gender of the patients and to the presence of ectopic tissue. A total of 136 patients with surgically treated diverticula were collected from the medical charts of five Amsterdam hospitals; 51 had undergone resection because of diverticulum-related symptoms and 85 during laparotomy for other causes. Obstruction was the predominant symptom (39%) in the 51 symptomatic patients. Hemorrhage, perforation, diverticulitis, and intussusception were the other symptoms (12-14% each). Obstruction occurred mainly in patients under age 10 years and perforation in patients 10 to 30 years old. All symptoms, hemorrhage excepted, occurred two to four times more in men. Hemorrhage and perforation were associated with the presence of ectopic gastric tissue. We concluded that symptoms caused by Meckel's diverticula are mainly due to the presence of bands or ectopic gastric tissue. The symptoms manifest at an early age (77% in those under age 30) and predominantly in males. Diverticula found incidentally in patients younger than 30 years should be resected. In the older patients, resection is indicated if ectopic gastric tissue is suspected. Diverticular bands can simply be cut.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT prediction of irresectability in esophageal carcinoma: value of additional patient positions and relation to patient outcome.

BACKGROUND: To improve computed tomographic (CT) prediction of local irresectability and to correlate preoperative CT findings with patient outcome. METHODS: Eighty-five patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent CT in supine, left lateral decubitus, and prone positions. CT signs that were indicative of local irresectability included (1) an angle of contact >45 degrees with the aorta; (2) obliteration of triangular fat pad between the tumor, aorta, and spine; (3) tumor contiguous with the aorta in all three positions; and (4) indentation of the airway in all three positions. RESULTS: All CT signs indicative for local irresectability concerning the aorta had comparable percentages of false-positive scans (75%) when correlated with surgical findings. When correlated with pathologic findings, >45 degrees angle of contact with the aorta yielded the fewest false-positive cases (9%). Concerning the airway, additional positions changed the staging correctly in 1 of 18 cases. Median survival was 21 and 8 months, respectively, for tumors considered CT resectable or irresectable. CONCLUSION: Additional patient positions do not improve the CT prediction of aortic invasion. Predicted resectability correlates with a significant longer life expectancy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic value of Laurén classification and c-erbB-2 oncogene overexpression in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction.

BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of the Laurén classification and of c-erbB-2 oncogene overexpression has been described for gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of these factors in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and/or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). METHODS: Forty-one adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and/or GEJ were reviewed for tumor stage, lymph node status, Laurén classification, and c-erbB-2 overexpression, as assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS: According to the Laurén classification, tumors were classified as intestinal-, mixed-, or diffuse-type (54%, 32%, and 15%, respectively). Diffuse-type tumors were associated with a significantly worse prognosis than were intestinal-type tumors (P = .018; log-rank test). The prognostic value of the Laurén classification was independent of stage (P = .048; Cox regression model). Overexpression of c-erbB-2 was detected in 24% of the tumors and was present exclusively in intestinal-type tumors and in intestinal-type areas of mixed-type tumors. Ten of the 30 stage III/IV tumors (33%) were c-erbB-2-positive, whereas none of the 11 stage I/II tumors (0%) overexpressed the oncogene product (P = .04; Fisher exact test). The prognostic value of c-erbB-2 overexpression was not independent of stage (P = .7; Cox regression model). CONCLUSIONS: (1) The Laurén classification is an independent prognostic factor in adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and GEJ. (2) c-erbB-2 overexpression is limited to (areas of) intestinal-type tumors, indicating that intestinal- and diffuse-type tumors differ oncogenetically. (3) c-erbB-2 overexpression is associated with the stage of disease, indicating that it is a late event during tumor progression.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapy of esophageal carcinoma. Results from the Joint Group on Esophageal Carcinoma in Rotterdam.

During the period 1978-1981 172 patients were referred to the Rotterdam Joint Group on Esophageal Carcinoma. Ninety-one patients were considered for combined therapy, comprising radiation therapy and surgery, and 10 patients refused surgery. The figures given in this material are actuarial survival values corrected for intercurrent death (the actuarial overall survival in parentheses). The 4-year survival in 69 patients who completed this treatment was 39 per cent (26%) (significantly better for women compared with men; significantly better for tumors less than 2 vertebrae compared with tumors greater than or equal to 2 vertebrae). The resectability rate was 85 per cent and the operation mortality rate 20 per cent. Thirty-eight patients had curative radiation therapy with a 4-year corrected survival of 5 per cent (3%). For palliative treatment, radiation therapy and endoscopic introduction of a Celestin tube were mostly used. The results of curative as well as of palliative treatment of esophageal carcinoma have shown improvement during the past decade compared with an earlier period.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreatic pseudocysts in chronic pancreatitis. Surgical or interventional drainage?

Pseudocyst formation is a well-known complication of acute and chronic pancreatitis. Many pseudocysts are asymptomatic and may resolve without intervention. For a symptomatic pseudocyst drainage is indicated. Although surgical cystoenterostomy has been the treatment of choice for many years, recently invasive but non-operative treatment methods have challenged surgical drainage as the standard therapy for pancreatic pseudocysts. Both the method as well as the timing of intervention has become a matter of debate. Percutaneous catheter drainage and endoscopic drainage have proven beneficial in the treatment of pseudocysts, although long-term outcome remains to be awaited. Resolution rates after surgical and non-surgical methods are comparable, but clinical and technical aspects may mandate either method. Each patient requires an individual, multidisciplinary approach, thereby obtaining optimal treatment-outcome.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography with functional and histologic changes in chronic pancreatitis.

The findings from endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) and secretin-CCK test data were compared in 69 patients: 36 with chronic pancreatitis, 9 with possible chronic pancreatitis, and 24 without chronic pancreatic disease. The ERP findings were also compared with the histologic changes in pancreatic tissue in 18 patients who underwent pancreatic surgery for chronic pancreatitis. ERP films were reviewed according to the criteria proposed by Kasugai et coll. with special attention paid to the side branches. Secretin-CCK test data were interpreted using the discriminant analysis. A good correlation between bicarbonate and chymotrypsin output and ductular changes at ERP was found. The results of ERP and the secretin-CCK test were compatible in 86 per cent of the patients. The relationship between ERP findings and histologic changes was not straightforward. It was concluded that ERP and the secretin-CCK test are complementary in the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis. ERP does not necessarily represent the histology in chronic pancreatitis.

Atrophy↗