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Biomedical subjects

H Nolte

Publications and source records attributed to H Nolte.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Pneumothorax caused by anaesthesiological manipulations (author's transl)].

Pneumothorax may occur following procedures such as the insertion of a subclavian catheter, intercostal blockade, supraclavicular brachial plexus blockade, endotracheal mechanical ventilation or assisted ventilation of the newborn by the "pulmarca" method. The incidence of pneumothorax was investigated over a 2 1/2 years period. Measurements to prevent, reduce and treat this complication are discussed and suggestions on the aetiology of bilateral pneumothorax in the newborn are described.

Brachial Plexus↗
PubMed1979

[About the antimicrobial activity of substituted aromatic aldehydes and alcohols (author's transl)].

In the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of serveral chemicals a number of substituted benzaldehydes and benzylalcohols was investigated under standardized conditions following the method of DGHM (German Society of Hygiene and Microbiology) against bacteria, dermatophytes and moulds. The germicidal activity, demonstrated by the suspension test, is generally low except under special conditions (low or high pH-value). The germistatic activity, demonstrated by the MIC-test, is much higher than the germicidal effect (figs. 1--4). The relation structure-germistatic activity is discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1979

[The dose-effect-ratio of isobaric bupivacaine in spinal analgesia (author's transl)].

Isobaric bupivacaine 0.5% with adrenaline 1:200,000 was used for spinal anaesthesia. The influence of dose (mg) and volume (ml) on segmental spread and duration of spinal block was investigated. Bupivacaine 10 or 15 mg was injected in 2 or 3 ml of solution. The segmental spread and duration of analgesic block was tested at certain time intervals. The results showed that: 1. an increase in dose is not followed by a larger segmental spread or longer duration of analgesic block, 2. the increase of the volume injected is followed by an increase in segmental spread of analgesic block. This is independent of the concentration of the local anaesthetic, 3. the segmental regression of analgesic block starts in the cephalad segments. Therefore, higher spread of analgesic block provides prolonged analgesia in the lower segments. The results of this investigation are controversal in relation to the reports in the literature of the last two decades. The increase in dosage of the local anaesthetic did not increase the segmental spread and duration of analgesia. Only the volume injected is responsible for an increase in segmental spread of analgesia. Of course the concentration of the local anaesthetic injected has to be at least the minimal concentration necessary to result in a sensory nerve block.

Anesthesia, Spinal↗
PubMed1978

[pH of the cerebro spinal fluid during subdural block (author's transl)].

This study was initiated by other authors who found that bupivacaine precipitated together with spinal fluid in vitro and who assumed that during spinal anaesthesia complications might be possible. Under the influence of several local anaesthetic agents the pH of the spinal fluid and in 160 cases the precipitation was examined. There was no precipitation. The experimental conditions were nearly in vivo conditions. The results differed clearly from those in vitro. While in vitro bupivacaine precipitated from a pH higher than 7.37 in concentrations higher than 0.8 mg/ml [2], the pH of the spinal fluid in vivo was lower than 7.35 continually and the concentration of bupivacaine not higher than 0.3 mg/ml. This means that the border of bupivacaine precipitation is by far not reached in vivo and that complications therefore are not possible.

Anesthesia, Spinal↗
PubMed1978

[Investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amine-aldehyde-condensates. 6. Communication: azomethines of substituted benzaldehydes (author's transl)].

In the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehydecondensates a number of substituted benzaldehyde azomethines was synthesized by condensation of suitable benzaldehydes with primary amines (aminoethanol and n-butylamine). Structures and physical constants are shown in the table 1. The antimicrobial activity is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 2 and 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration test (MIC, table 4) and of the suspension-disinfecting test following the method of the DGHM (table 5). It may be shown that both the germistatic and the germicidal activity depends on the substituents of the aromatic ring. Bactericidal activity show the test compounds mainly versus the gram-negative bacteria.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1978

[Investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates. 3. Communication: n,o-acetals (author's transl)].

In the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates a number of partly new N,O-acetals was synthesized by reaction of formaldehyde with several alcohols and secondary amines. Structures and physically constants are shown in the tables 1 and 2. The antimicrobial activity is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration (MIC, table 4) and the suspension and area disinfecting test following the methods of the DGHM (tables 5 and 6). It may be shown, that the N,O-acetals have both germistatic activity mainly versus Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium glaucum and germicidal activity versus the gram-negative testgerms especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Acetals↗
PubMed1978

[Physiology and pathophysiology of subarachnoid and epidural block (author's transl)].

The most important patho-physiological changes following subdural or epidural blockade are seen in the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. Preganglionic sympathetic blockade is the main reason for these changes. Sympathetic blockade is followed by a decrease in peripheral vascular resistence and alterations in the arterial and venous circulation. Hypotension occurs frequently and is thus of great interest in clinical anaesthesia. Differences in the degree of nerve block are not only seen when comparing spinal and peridural blockade but also relate to the different pharmacodynamic properties of local anaesthetics. These pharmacodynamic differences are very pronounced when the new long acting local anaesthetics bupivacaine and etiodocaine are compared in respect of motor and sympathetic denervation. All severe patho-physiological changes following subdural and peridural blockade are predictable and can be avoided by proper prophylactic treatment.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1978

[Concentrations of Bupivacaine in the CSF following subdural application (author's transl)].

The subarachnoid concentration of isobaric bupivacaine following intrathecal injection was determined in 11 patients by periodic sampling. After injection of 15 mg/ml of bupivacaine, the maximal concentration in CSF averaged 284 microgram/ml. The decline was exponential after 240 min a residual concentration of 7 microgram/ml was determined. The area of sensory block was maximal after 20 min regression began from cranial at 90 min, from caudal at 150 min. Bupivacain could not be determined in blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Comparative studies of the local anaesthetic action of carticaine 1% and mepivacaine 1% (author's transl)].

The actions of carticaine 1% and mepivacaine 1% in peripheral nerve block were investigated in double-blind study. Bilateral ulnar nerve blocks were performed in 14 healthy subjects (age range 20-30 years), and latency, duration, and intensity of anaesthesia were quantitatively determined. There were no differences in latency of nerve block, but a significant difference in the duration of effect: Mepivacaine acted for nearly twice as long as Carticaine. In addition, several incomplete blocks were noted with Carticaine. On the basis of these results mepivacaine is preferred in peripheral nerve block because of its longer and more reliable action.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Risks associated with regional anaesthesia (author's transl)].

The risks attendant on regional anaesthesia derive from the condition of the patient, the technique employed and the skill, or lack of skill, on the part of the anaesthetist. Patient-determined risk factors are: existent diseases and pathological conditions which in many cases cannot be rectified pre-operatively. The main difficulties and complications of regional anaesthesia arise from mechanical, pharmacodynamic and toxic factors and infection. Each technique carries its own specific risk. With due care many of the complications can be prevented.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMed1978

[Investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehydecondensates. 4. Communication: azomethins of aliphatic aldehydes (author's transl)].

In the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates a number of azomethins was synthesized by the condensation of primary aliphatic and aromatic amins with aliphatic aldehydes. Structures and physical constants are listed in table 1 and 2. - The antimicrobial activity of these azomethins is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration test (MIC, table 4), and the suspension test (table 5) following the method of the DGHM. - The different water-solubility of the azomethins was equalized by using the standard solution described earlier. - It may be shown that the azomethins have both bacterio- and fungistatic activity which resembles that of the corresponding aldehydes (table 4). The fungistatic activity against Trichophyton mentragrophytes shown by the results of the disk-test is remarkable. - The bactericidal power of the azomethins versus Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris is quiet stronger than that of the corresponding aldehydes.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1978

[Investigations on the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates. 5. Communication: azomethins of benzaldehyde (author's transl)].

In the scope of our research about the antimicrobial activity of amin-aldehyde-condensates a number of benzylidene-amines (azomethins of benzyldehyde) was synthesized by condensation of primary amines with benzaldehyde. Structures and physical constants are shown in table 1 and 2. The antimicrobial activity of these benzylidene-amines is demonstrated by the results of the disk-test (table 3), of the minimal inhibition concentration test (MIC, table 4) and the suspension test (table 5) following the method of the DGHM. The different hydrophilic behaviour was equalized by using the standard solution described earlier with 3% dioxane. The results show, that the germistatic activity of the benzylideneamines resembles or exceeds in some cases that of benzaldehyde (table 4). Some compounds show good fungistatic activity versus Trichophyton mentagrophytes (table 3). The bactericidal power versus Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris is remarkable and quiet stronger than that of the benzaldehyde.

Azo Compounds↗
PubMed1977

[Epidural anesthesia: indications and limitations (author's transl)].

The effectiveness and indications for epidural anesthesia have progressed in the last two decades. Better techniques, new long-acting local anesthetics, and better understanding of pathophysiologic changes after epidural block made this technique widely used and rather safe. Nowadays, limitations of epidural block include the absolute and relative contraindications, the lack of pharmacologic and pathophysiologic knowledge, and insufficient techniques and equipment. In experienced hands, epidural block is one of the safest techniques for surgical anesthesia.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1977

[The pH-changes of the spinal fluid following bupivacaine (author's transl)].

The ph-changes of cerebral spinal fluid were measured following subarachnoid injection of bupivacaine 0.5% with and without adrenaline (1:200,000) during the three hours after the start of anaesthesia. At the same time drug precipitation was not detected. The ph-changes however, were pronounced but not enough to cause disturbances of the homoeostatic milieu. Especially no significant differences related to adrenaline were be found. The authors recommend bupivacaine 0.5% with and without adrenaline for spinal anaesthesia.

Aged↗