Biomedical subjects

H Noda

Publications and source records attributed to H Noda.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Expression and role of adhesion molecule CD18 on bovine neutrophils.

Expression of CD18 on bovine neutrophils in response to stimulation by zymosan activated serum (ZAS) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and the effects of monoclonal antibodies (MAB) recognizing CD18 or bovine neutrophil surface antigens (S2G8 and S5F8G10) on adherence, chemotactic responses and phagocytosis of bovine neutrophils were evaluated. CD18 expression of neutrophils was increased after ZAS and PMA treatment by 12.2 and 54.2% respectively, and were significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) different from those of untreated neutrophils. CD18 expression by neutrophils from a Holstein-Friesian heifer affected with leukocyte adhesion deficiency was within negative controls when stimulated by ZAS and PMA. Adherence, chemotactic responses, and phagocytosis were significantly decreased (p < 0.01) in neutrophils continuously treated with anti-CD18 MAB (MHM 23). Adherence was also significantly decreased in anti-CD18 pretreated neutrophils. Significant (p < 0.01) differences of chemotactic responses and phagocytosis of neutrophils were found between neutrophils pretreated and continuously treated with anti-CD18 MAB (MHM 23). Monoclonal antibodies to other surface antigens did not significantly alter neutrophil adherence, chemotaxis or phagocytosis. This study demonstrated that CD18 expression on bovine neutrophils is increased significantly by stimulation with ZAS and PMA and that the adhesion molecule CD18 plays an important role in adhesion-related functions.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Characterization of functions of neutrophils from bone marrow of cattle with leukocyte adhesion deficiency.

Marked differences in bone marrow cellularity were observed between cattle affected with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) and control cattle. The number of nucleated cells in bone marrow was 2.9 to 8.8 times higher in cattle affected with LAD, compared with controls. The myeloid-to-erythroid ratio of bone marrow from 3 cattle affected with LAD ranged from 2.4 to 12. Deficient CD18 expression on neutrophils isolated from bone marrow of cattle with LAD was clearly detected by flow cytometric analysis. Neutrophils from bone marrow of cattle affected with LAD appeared round and not flat, after adherence to plastic wells under agarose, whereas neutrophils from bone marrow of clinically normal cattle were firmly spread on the surface of plastic wells. In the chemotaxis under-agarose assay, many pseudopodia were detected on bone marrow neutrophils from clinically normal cattle, but were not detected on bone marrow neutrophils from cattle with LAD. Activities of chemotactic movements and phagocytosis of neutrophils isolated from bone marrow of cattle affected with LAD were documented to be severely impaired.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Radiographic and immunohistochemical analysis of leukocyte adhesion deficiency in Holstein heifers.

Radiographic and immunohistochemical analyses were performed in two Holstein heifers with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD). Severe bone resorption, osteolysis and severe progressive periodontitis in submandibula due to dysfunction of leukocytes in heifers affected with BLAD were demonstrated by radiographic examination. Immunohistochemical analysis of lymph nodes using anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody demonstrated that CD18-positive cells were not found on those from a heifer affected with BLAD, whereas CD18-positive cells were clearly present in lymph nodes from a clinically normal heifer. These characteristic findings support the importance of adherence-dependent leukocyte functions in host defense.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Estimation of age from soft X-ray findings of Japanese pubic symphysis based on a image processing.

A method for estimating the age at death through the image processing of soft X-ray pictures of pubic symphysis is reported. The collected 533 materials were sliced at the thickness of 5 mm. Prior to the image processing, subjective assessment was made on the five indices of gross morphological findings. The pictures showed roughening and darkening tendencies with age and two indices for image processing were introduced. Applying the natural logarithm to data obtained by the image processing and making regression analysis. two kinds of age estimation equations were derived in the form of; Y = -39.91 lnX + 189.63 and the estimated age Y was proportional to natural logarithm of measured indices X. The age estimation equations showed accuracies of 70% or more for the age range of +/- 5 years and 100% for +/- 8 years. The accuracy was satisfactory for age estimation in the field of person appraisal in legal medicine.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Secular changes of PCB concentration accumulated in organs and tissues of Japanese from 1974 to 1989.

The concentration and component types of PCB in adult human liver and fat tissue (64 samples) from forensic autopsy cases of Osaka Prefecture in 1989 were measured for comparison with the data for the same organ and tissue during the period from 1974 to 1984. The mean values of PCB levels in 1989 were 0.06 microgram/g (whole base) in the liver and 2.20 micrograms/g (fat base) in the fat tissue. These concentrations both were the same as those observed for the 15-year period. The percentages of the 5,6-chlorinated compound of PCB in the liver and fat tissue were lower but those of the 7-chlorinated compound were 15-20% higher.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1994

Simultaneous determination of antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites, including chiral compounds, via beta-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes by a column-switching chromatographic technique.

Using beta-cyclodextrin as a mobile-phase additive, a column-switching chromatographic system equipped with two 25-mm short ODS cartridge columns and two UV detectors was successfully employed for the simultaneous determination of some antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites, including chiral compounds, in human serum. The compounds examined were phenobarbital, zonisamide, phenytoin and its metabolites, S- and R-5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin, R- and S-mephobarbital, carbamazepine and its main metabolites, 10,11-dihydro-10-11-epoxycarbamazepine and trans-10,11-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine (as a racemate), and allobarbital (as an internal standard).

Anticonvulsants↗

PubMed1994

Ascorbic acid radical, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical are detected in reperfusion injury of rat liver using electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy, we examined whether reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) are produced after reperfusion of isolated, perfused rat livers subjected to global ischemia (10, 30, 60, and 90 min of ischemia). A few drops of effluent (200 microliters) flowed from reperfused liver was mixed immediately with 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO, final concentration 1 M), and ESR measurements were then performed. Immediately after reperfusion, a small amount of ascorbic acid radical and DMPO-OOH, which was formed by the reaction of superoxide with DMPO, was detected. The amount of ascorbic acid radical peaked immediately after reperfusion, but became hardly detectable at 6 min after reperfusion, irrespective of the period of ischemia. Six minutes after reperfusion, not only DMPO-OOH but also DMPO-OH, which was formed by the reaction of hydroxyl radical with DMPO, was detected. Thereafter, DMPO-OOH and DMPO-OH gradually declined and became hardly detectable at 40 min after reperfusion. In accordance with the duration of ischemia, the concentrations of DMPO-OOH and DMPO-OH were highest after 60 min of ischemia, and then after 30, 90, and 10 min of ischemia in decreasing order. These results directly demonstrate that the production of ROIs occurs at an early stage of reperfusion in ischemic liver and that the amount of ROI production is closely related to the duration of ischemia.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

The sequence of injury determines the degree of lung damage in both inhalation and thermal injuries.

The lung damage resulting from smoke inhalation is an important determinant of morbidity and mortality in thermally injured patients. We hypothesized that the degree of pulmonary microvascular damage seen with smoke inhalation could be affected by whether the smoke insult preceded or followed thermal injury. Fifteen chronically instrumented sheep were divided into two groups: seven were given a 40% 3rd-degree flame burn and then insufflated with smoke (smoke after burn group); eight were insufflated with smoke and then given thermal injury (smoke before burn group). Lung lymph flow and wet/dry weight ratio were significantly higher in smoke before burn group animals. We conclude that lung damage is minimized when thermal injury precedes smoke inhalation injury.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Left ventricular dysfunction and acute lung injury induced by continuous administration of endotoxin in sheep.

Sixteen sheep were surgically prepared for chronic study. Seven days later, Escherichia coli endotoxin (10 ng/kg/min, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, n = 10) or an equivalent amount of 0.9% NaCl (Control group n = 6) was administered. Between 1 and 8 h post-LPS, there was a hypodynamic state with low cardiac index (CI, LPS 5.0 +/- 0.2; sham 6.3 +/- 0.4 liters/min/m2 at 4 h). During this period, the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-diameter relationship (ESPDR), a sensitive index of myocardial contractility, was also lower (LPS 10.4 +/- 1.2; sham 17.2 +/- 0.8 mmHg/mm). Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) were remarkably increased 1 h after the administration of LPS (PAP:LPS 37.5 +/- 1.9; sham 21.8 +/- 0.9 mmHg, PVRI: LPS 600 +/- 58; sham 158 +/- 23 dynes x s x cm-5 x m2). The early changes in cardiopulmonary function occurred concomitantly with an elevation in tumor necrosis factor (LPS 1221 +/- 520; sham 0 +/- 0 pg/ml) and thromboxane B2 (LPS 1382 +/- 266; baseline 82 +/- 20 pg/ml) in arterial blood. Following this first phase, the sheep presented a persistent hyperdynamic state characterized by a significant increase in CI. The ESPDR continued to fall. By 24 h post-LPS the CI was 10.1 +/- 0.5 liters/min/m2 (sham, 6.3 +/- 0.3) but the ESPDR had fallen to 8.2 +/- 2.3 mmHg/mm (sham 16.0 +/- 3.0). The pulmonary hypertension was maintained for the duration of the LPS infusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1994

Cloning of the Nilaparvata lugens reovirus genome: conserved terminal nucleotide sequences and nucleotide sequence of genome segment S10.

The segmented double-stranded RNA genome of Nilaparvata lugens reovirus (NLRV) was cloned, and the nucleotide sequence of genome segment S10 and terminal nucleotide sequences of the rest of the segments were determined. Genome segment S10 of NLRV consisted of 1430 nucleotides with a single open reading frame extending for 1293 nucleotides from nucleotide 46. It encoded a polypeptide of 431 amino acids with an M(r) of 49.4K, which was a non-structural protein. The plus-strand RNA of all genome segments had the same conserved trinucleotide 5' AGU- and hexanucleotide-GUUGUC 3' in the 5'- and 3'-terminal regions, respectively. These conserved terminal sequences resembled those found in the segments of the members of the genus Fijivirus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Nucleotide sequence of Nilaparvata lugens reovirus genome segment S8 coding for the major outer capsid protein.

The complete nucleotide sequence of genome segment 8 (S8) of Nilaparvata lugens reovirus (NLRV) was determined. It consisted of 1802 nucleotides containing a long open reading frame (562 amino acids), which was expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein. The expressed S8 product, a 62K protein, was detected by Western blotting using IgG directed against intact NLRV particles. This result indicates that S8 encodes the major outer capsid protein of NLRV. The protein exhibited 18.6% amino acid sequence identity with the predicted translation product of S10 of rice black-streaked dwarf virus.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Saccadic burst neurons in the fastigial nucleus are not involved in compensating for orbital nonlinearities.

1. To test whether the cerebellum is involved in compensating for orbital nonlinearities, we recorded discharges of saccadic burst neurons in the fastigial oculomotor region (FOR) during both centrifugal and centripetal saccades in two trained macaque monkeys. 2. We also investigated the metrics of centrifugal and centripetal saccades with the same amplitude while output signals from the fastigial nucleus were blocked by muscimol, an agonist of inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), injected into the FOR. 3. We studied discharges of 32 fastigial neurons that were inhibited by microstimulation of the oculomotor vermis. These neurons exhibited unique burst responses during contralaterally and ipsilaterally directed saccades, as shown in our previous report. The discharge pattern, the peak burst frequency, the burst lead time, and the burst duration were consistent, regardless of initial eye position. 4. The muscimol injection produced hypermetric saccades toward the injection side and hypometric saccades to the opposite side, regardless of whether saccade was centripetally or centrifugally directed. 5. These findings suggest that the FOR is not involved in the compensation of saccade metrics for orbital nonlinearities.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Pharmacodynamics and tumoricidal effect of adriamycin entrapped in ceramide sulfate-containing liposomes.

Ceramide sulfate (N-acylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate), which lacks the galactose residue of sulfatide, was examined as a possibly preferable constituent of liposomes for drug delivery. Multilamellar vesicles prepared from phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and N-lignoceroylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate in a molar ratio of 5:4:1 efficiently entrapped adriamycin, and the retention of the drug in the liposomes in saline at 4 degrees C for 8 d was nearly 100%. In terms of entrapment efficiency and retention of the drug in liposomes, N-lignoceroylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate was superior to N-stearoylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate. A pharmacodynamic study revealed that the blood level of adriamycin was far higher with the drug encapsulated in N-lignoceroylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate-containing liposomes than with the free drug. The drug level in the heart was remarkably reduced with the liposome-entrapped drug, which is advantageous in reducing the cardiotoxicity of this drug. The effect of N-lignoceroylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate-containing liposomes on the blood level of adriamycin was superior to that of sulfatide-containing liposomes, though the effect of the former on the heart level was comparable to that of the latter. The tumoricidal effect on ascitic P388 leukemia and Lewis lung carcinoma was higher with adriamycin entrapped in N-lignoceroylsphingosine-1-O-sulfate-containing liposomes than with the free drug.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Detection of 1-acetamino-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol as a new metabolite of propranolol.

1-Acetamino-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-2-propanol which is an acetyl conjugate of N-desisopropylpropranolol (AcNDP) was detected as a new metabolite of propranolol (PL) from the incubation medium of isolated rat hepatocyte system and from the urinary extracts of a patient under PL therapy as well as a healthy volunteer given PL. In the case of the hepatocyte systems, the optical selectivity of PL elimination and the metabolite formation were discussed by HPLC determination, and the effect of pretreatment by phenobarbital (PB) or 3-metylcholanthrene (3-MC) on the metabolism was also clarified.

Acetamides↗

PubMed1994

Inhibitory action of a (1-->6)-beta-D-glucan-protein complex (F III-2-b) isolated from Agaricus blazei Murill ("himematsutake") on Meth A fibrosarcoma-bearing mice and its antitumor mechanism.

The effects of F III-2-b (Agaricus blazei Murill polysaccharide) with or without 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on immune responses were investigated in Meth A tumor-bearing and normal mice. The i.p. administration of F III-2-b (10 mg/kg/day x 30) moderately inhibited the growth of Meth A tumor cells implanted s.c. in mice. Development of implanted tumors was strongly inhibited by the combination of F III-2-b and 5-FU. The picryl chloride-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (PC-DTH) response in mice was depressed after the implantation of tumor and treatment with 5-FU. F III-2-b restored the suppression of PC-DTH by 5-FU, but did not increase the PC-DTH of normal mice. F III-2-b not only enhanced the degree of spleen cell-mediated sheep red blood cells (SRBC) hemolysis (quantitative hemolysis of SRBC), the indexes of the spleen and thymus, and the number of spleen cells but also restored the suppressive effect of 5-FU. In the group receiving F III-2-b, the percentages of splenic Thy1.2-, L3T4- and asialo GM1-positive cells were significantly increased as compared with the tumor-bearing mice treated with saline. Furthermore, the L3T4+/Lyt2+ ratio showed a tendency to increase, and the Lyt2+ ratio was markedly decreased. These results suggest that the antitumor effect of F III-2-b may be correlated with the changing pattern of the Thy1.2-, L3T4- and asialo GM1-positive cells.

Agaricus↗

PubMed1994

Serum biochemical changes and chemiluminescent responses of whole blood in Holstein cattle with leukocyte adhesion deficiency.

Serum biochemical profile and whole blood chemiluminescent (CL) responses in 8 Holstein cattle affected with leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) were evaluated. Concentrations of sodium, chloride and calcium in serum from cattle affected with LAD were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased as compared with controls. The characteristic changes in serum proteins were hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia, and the concentrations of albumin and gammaglobulin in serum from normal cattle and cattle affected with LAD were significantly (p < 0.01) different. Significantly (p < 0.01) diminished CL indices and prolonged peak time of CL responses in whole blood were detected in cattle affected with LAD. These findings indicate that the CL response associated with iC3b receptor mediated phagocytic activity is impaired in cattle affected with LAD. The whole blood CL assay appeared to be practical and useful for routine evaluation of blood samples from cattle affected with LAD.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Biotin production by bifidobacteria.

Biotin production and the growth of the strains of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. bifidum, B. breve, B. infantis, and B. longum were studied. These five strains showed heavy growth on BL medium. But when yeast extract medium (carbon source, glucose) was used, the extent of their growth was significantly decreased, one-half or less than that of the growth on BL medium. B. bifidum grew well on yeast extract medium containing oligosaccharides, such as isomaltooligosaccharide, and produced biotin extracellularly. The utilization of oligosaccharides in biotin production by these five strains was investigated.

Bifidobacterium↗

PubMed1994

Neurtrophil function and pathologic findings in Holstein calves with leukocyte adhesion deficiency.

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency was diagnosed in 4 Holstein calves from 1 to 4 months old. Calves had severe ulcers on oral mucous membranes, gingivitis, severe periodontitis, chronic pneumonia, and stunted growth associated with severe neutrophilia. Neutrophils from affected calves had function defect, characterized by severely decreased adherence, chemotactic movements, phagocytosis, luminol-dependent chemiluminescent response, and O(2-)-producing activities. Deficient CD18 expression (0.1 to 1.7%) on neutrophils was clearly detected by use of flow cytometric analysis. These affected calves were linked to a common ancestral sire that has been documented to be a carrier. Clinical features, leukocyte functional abnormalities, deficient expression of CD18, and mode of inheritance indicated that affected calves had leukocyte adhesion deficiency. In vitro leukocyte functional abnormalities were associated with deficiency in the expression of CD11/CD18. Pathologic findings indicated possible increased susceptibility to infection associated with this disease.

Analysis of Variance↗