Biomedical subjects

H Nishimura

Publications and source records attributed to H Nishimura.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

[Combination of serial transcranial Doppler examinations and cerebral blood flow studies in the management of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage].

In 13 patients who had ruptured intracranial aneurysms, serial transcranial Doppler (TCD) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) examinations were performed in order to evaluate the degree of cerebral vasospasm. All patients showed some extent of vasospasm on angiography, which was performed between Day 7 and 10. The flow velocities of either the middle cerebral arteries or the anterior cerebral arteries, measured by TCD, began to increase on post hemorrhage Day 5, and maximum flow velocities were recorded between Day 9 and 13, with normalization occurring within the following 2 weeks. In 5 cases of symptomatic vasospasm, a rapid increase of flow velocities preceded clinical manifestation of the vasospasm. Maximum flow velocities of the 5 cases were at a higher level in the range of 119-184cm/sec (mean 149cm/sec) that the cases where there were no symptoms. Consequently, serial TCD examinations were very useful for the early detection of vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. And it was confirmed that the change of flow velocities was more important than the value itself, and that the rapid increase of flow velocities indicated severe ischemia. However, for judging when vessel narrowing was resolving, the usefulness of the TCD examinations were doubtful. This is because flow velocities measured by TCD are thought to be fairly much influenced by multiple factors such as the change of blood pressure, blood volume, which were caused by the active treatment for the vasospasm. Serial measurements of CBF were also made 2-7 times (mean 3.1 times) during the first two weeks following subarachnoid hemorrhage using the 133Xe intravenous injection method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Administration of recombinant erythropoietin to a patient with malignant lymphoma who refused blood transfusion].

A 30-year-old female patient with malignant lymphoma was admitted to the hospital because of large mass in the left pelvic cavity and of severe anemia. Since she had refused blood transfusion (Jehovah's witness), recombinant human erythropoietin (Epo) was used together with both chemotherapy and irradiation; this led to rapid recovery of the anemia and marked reduction of the mass volume. These findings may suggest the possible application of Epo administration as a supportive therapy in treatment of malignancy.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

The current therapeutic approaches to advanced ovarian cancer.

One hundred and fifty-nine cases of stage III or IV ovarian cancer treated at Kurume University and affiliated hospitals over the decade from 1978 to 1987 were analysed for their clinical outcome in relation to the therapeutic methods. The following results were obtained. 1) Two definite groups of patients were identified, one having a favourable prognosis with all patients surviving for at least three years after the initial treatment and the other, group of patients with poor prognosis who died within two years. There were significant differences in the clinical features of the two groups mentioned, i.e. in the performance status, the clinical stage, the type of operation carried out, the residual tumor, the application of second look laparotomy (SLO), the type of anti-cancer drug given and the use of maintenance chemotherapy. 2) The operations performed were primary surgery, including hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and omentectomy or exploratory laparotomy. There was also a significant difference in the prognosis of those who received primary surgery compared to those given exploratory laparotomy. 3) A significant difference was also noted in the prognosis of cases with residual tumors less than 1 cm in diameter when compared to those which had larger residual tumors. 4) The application of SLO did not affect the prognosis. 5) Favourable results were obtained in the survival rate of cases who received cisplatin and also, 6) Favourable results were obtained in the survival rate of those patients who were given maintenance chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Dural arteriovenous malformation of the spine].

A case of dural arteriovenous malformation of the spine was reported. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of paraparesis, and selective angiography revealed dural AVM of spine. Myelo-CT and MR imaging showed abnormal vessels in the spinal canal. After embolization, dural AVM was disappeared.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[MR imaging of bone and soft tissue tumors].

One hundred sixty-one patients with tumors of bone or soft tissues underwent MRI. We believe to be able to differentiate benign from malignant lesions on the basis of imagings at internal, marginal, and peripheral properties. MR imagings demonstrated specific morphologic features that suggest the correct tissue diagnosis. MR imagings with STIR method or Gd-DTPA were more valuable. Because of the high contrast between the tumors and normal tissue, especially by STIR method, MRI provides improved detection and delineation of bone soft tissue tumors when compared to other diagnostic modalities.

Bone Neoplasms↗

PubMed1990

[Dynamic CT under angiotensin II-induced hypertension--application for the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant solid ovarian tumors].

Dynamic CT was applied to 9 patients with solid ovarian tumors of an unknown nature after ultrasonography and tumor marker tests with CA125, TPA and IAP. Dynamic CT was performed under the condition of normotension and angiotensin II (AT II)-induced hypertension. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Intratumoral blood flow increased 25 percent in patients with malignant tumors, decreased 7 percent in tumors of low potential malignancy, and increased 6 percent in patients with benign tumors due to the pressor effect of AT II. 2. Changes in intratumoral blood flow were not uniform in various parts of a malignant tumor. 3. Differential diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors and tumors of low potential malignancy was possible by this method. 4. The results indicated that chemotherapy under AT II-induced hypertension would have a better effect on the treatment of malignant ovarian tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Blood flow measurement with impedance plethysmography--experimental and clinical application in orthopaedic surgery].

Impedance plethysmography has been used clinically to measure the cardiac output. We have improved the apparatus of impedance plethysmography and applied it in the orthopaedic field. It is now possible to measure the blood flow in human fingers and in the extremities of rabbits. Experimentally, we measured the blood flow through the rabbit extremities with the measured values reflecting the ischemic condition. Clinically, we measured the blood flow through the fingers with arteriosclerosis obliterans with the measured values consistent with the angiographic findings. The measurement of blood flow in vascular injuries and attachment of fingers reflected the ischemic condition. By using the impedance plethysmography, we cannot obtain an absolute value because the measured value is affected by the type of electrode and the position of the electrode. We can nevertheless seek a relative value by comparing with the values at normal site. We can also identify any differences before and at the after change in blood flow. When the advantages and disadvantages of this method are better understood, this method will be of wide clinical use.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Identification of a disaccharide (Xyl-Glc) and a trisaccharide (Xyl2-Glc) O-glycosidically linked to a serine residue in the first epidermal growth factor-like domain of human factors VII and IX and protein Z and bovine protein Z.

We have recently described a unique trisaccharide linked to a serine residue in the first epidermal growth factor-like domains of bovine blood coagulation factors VII (Ser-52) and IX (Ser-53) (Hase, S., Kawabata, S., Nishimura, H., Takeya, H., Sueyoshi, T., Miyata, T., Iwanaga, S., Takao, T., Shimonishi, Y., and Ikenaka, T. (1988) J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 104, 867-868). The sugar chain identified in these clotting factors consists of 1 mol of hexose (glucose (Glc] and 2 mol of pentose (xylose (Xyl]. We report here that human factors VII and IX and protein Z and bovine protein Z also contain such carbohydrate moieties linked to a serine residue at the same position found in bovine factors VII and IX. A glycopeptide derived from each of these proteins was subjected to amino acid sequence and component sugar analyses and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric analysis. The results indicate that the glycopeptide derived from human factor IX contains 1 mol each of Glc and Xyl. The reducing end of this disaccharide was identified as Glc by analyzing the disaccharide generated by hydrazinolysis. In contrast, human factor VII and protein Z yielded two different glycopeptides which contained Glc and Xyl at molar ratios of 1:1 and 1:2, respectively, suggesting microheterogeneity of these O-linked sugar chains. Bovine protein Z glycopeptide contained 1 mol of Glc and 2 mol of Xyl. These sugar compositions were confirmed by analyses of the intact proteins. In relation to the trisaccharide sugar chain previously discovered in bovine factors VII and IX, these findings indicate the existence of a Xyl2-Glc-Ser and a Xyl-Glc-Ser structure in the first epidermal growth factor-like domains of human factors VII and IX and protein Z in addition to that of bovine protein Z. Whether these carbohydrate moieties contribute to the biological activities of these proteins is unknown.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1989

Photoaffinity labeling of thiamin-binding component in yeast plasma membrane with [3H]4-azido-2-nitrobenzoylthiamin.

When prepared from Saccharomyces cerevisiae through an acid precipitation at pH 5.0 for a crude particulate fraction obtained by mechanical agitation of yeast protoplasts with glass beads, the plasma membranes have more remarkable binding quantities of [14C]thiamin (Kd, 51 nM; Bmax, 263 pmol per mg of protein) compared with our previously prepared membranes [(1986) Experientia 42, 607-608]. Photoaffinity labeling of these yeast plasma membranes with [3H]4-azido-2-nitrobenzoylthiamin resulted in the covalent modification of a membrane component with an apparent molecular mass of 6-8 kDa. The extent of its labeling was markedly decreased by previous addition of thiamin. This result suggests that the small membrane component (6-8 kDa) takes part in the thiamin binding of thiamin carrier protein(s) in yeast plasma membranes.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1989

Cytotoxicity of interleukin 2-toxin toward lymphocytes from patients with adult T-cell leukemia.

The inhibitory effect of a diphtheria toxin-related interleukin 2 fusion protein, IL-2-toxin, on protein synthesis in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cells was examined in vitro. Peripheral blood ATL cells from 12 patients (six acute type, four chronic type, and two smoldering type ATL) and the lymph node cells from three ATL patients (two acute type and one lymphoma type ATL) were examined. At a concentration of 10(-8) M, IL-2-toxin inhibited protein synthesis by 60 to 98% in lymph node ATL cells, whereas protein synthesis in peripheral blood ATL cells was inhibited from 20 to 57% in acute type, and from 3 to 13% in chronic type. In contrast, IL-2-toxin had no measurable effect on T-cells from either patients with smoldering type ATL or normal controls. The cytopathic effects of IL-2-toxin were blocked by the addition of anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody, suggesting that the inhibition of protein synthesis in target cells was mediated by the IL-2 receptor (IL-2R). The degree of inhibition of protein synthesis, however, was not closely correlated with expression of CD25 antigen (low-affinity Mr 55,000 glycoprotein, IL-2R, Tac antigen) on ATL cells. There was an apparent correlation between the degree of inhibition and the rate of protein synthesis in ATL cells. We demonstrate that ATL cells from patients with acute or lymphoma type disease were more sensitive to IL-2-toxin than cells from chronic or smoldering disease. These findings suggest that the high affinity IL-2R present on acute and lymphoma type ATL cells may serve as a target for therapy with this recombinant chimeric toxin.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

A possible role for acid phosphatase with thiamin-binding activity encoded by PHO3 in yeast.

Periplasmic soluble thiamin-binding protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Iwashima, A. et al. (1979) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 577, 217-220) was demonstrated to be encoded by PHO3 gene that codes for thiamin repressible acid phosphatase (Schweingruber, M.E. et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 15877-15882) by genetic analysis. The pho3 mutant cells of S. cerevisiae in contrast to the parent cells have markedly reduced activity of the uptake of [14C]thiamin phosphates, suggesting that thiamin repressible acid phosphatase plays a role in the hydrolysis of thiamin phosphates in the periplasmic space prior to the uptake of their thiamin moieties by S. cerevisiae.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1989

Profiles of expression of activated cell antigens on peripheral blood and lymph node cells from different clinical stages of adult T-cell leukemia.

The expression of activated cell antigens (Ags) on adult T cell leukemia (ATL) cells at different clinical stages (acute, chronic, and smoldering), and ATL cells from enlarged lymph nodes were studied using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). The expressions of CD25 (Tac), CD28, T9 (transferrin receptor), and Ki-67 (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) Ags were high, and that of CD7 Ag was low in both acute and chronic ATL cells compared with that in normal T cells. The expressions of T9 and Ki-67 Ags were higher in acute ATL cells than in chronic ATL cells. The expression of CD38 Ag was higher in acute ATL cells but not in chronic ATL cells compared with normal T cells. On the contrary, the expression of HLA-DR Ag on the cell surface and the transcript of the HLA-DR Ag gene were high in chronic ATL cells, but not in acute ATL cells. A high percentage of lymph node ATL cells expressed T9, CD38, and Ki-67 Ags, although the peripheral blood ATL cells of the same patients showed significantly lower levels of expression of the same Ags. Interestingly, CD7 and HLA-DR Ags were detected on the majority of lymph node ATL cells. Moderately high percentage of smoldering ATL cells expressed CD25, CD28, and HLA-DR Ags, though a few numbers of leukemic cells were present in the samples. These findings confirm that the modes of activation of ATL cells in different clinical stages differ, and suggest that the differences might be reflected in the clinical features. The low expression of HLA-DR Ag in acute ATL cells, despite high expression of the Ag in chronic ATL cells, suggests that successive events that suppress HLA-DR Ag expression are necessary for the transformation of chronic ATL cells into acute ATL cells. Moreover, the high expressions of T9, CD38, Ki-67, CD7, and HLA-DR Ags on lymph node ATL cells indicate that ATL cells preferentially proliferate in lymph nodes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1989

Quantitative immunohistochemistry of metallothionein in rat placenta.

The presence of metallothionein (MT) was demonstrated in placentae from cadmium-exposed and control rats by an immunohistochemical technique, using peroxidase as label and the diaminobenzidine procedure for the staining reaction. The protein was found in different regions of the placenta, i.e. in trophoblastic labyrinth, in spongiotrophoblast and in visceral yolk sac. Cytophotometric analysis of the final reaction product revealed that the amount of MT was increased in the placental labyrinth of cadmium-exposed rats. Increases were found in both nuclei and cytoplasm of trophoblast cells in the labyrinth region. Possible roles of MT in the transport of zinc and in the carbohydrate metabolism are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Peripheral hemodynamic effects of captopril in patients with congestive heart failure.

In 14 patients with severe congestive heart failure, the effects of captopril on the forearm circulation were evaluated with strain gauge plethysmography. Changes in plasma renin activity, angiotensin II, norepinephrine, epinephrine, bradykinin, prostaglandin E2, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha concentrations were also measured. To determine whether the prostaglandins contribute to the peripheral hemodynamic response to captopril, the hemodynamic and hormonal measurements were repeated after pretreatment with indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis. Ninety minutes after administering a single dose of captopril (25 mg), mean blood pressure and venous pressure decreased (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively), forearm blood flow and maximum venous volume increased (p less than 0.05 for both), and forearm vascular resistance and forearm venous tone decreased (p less than 0.05 for both). Captopril also improved forearm venous distensibility (p less than 0.05). Pretreatment with oral indomethacin (50 mg) significantly blunted all of these captopril-induced hemodynamic changes. The blockage of the renin-angiotensin system by captopril was unaltered by indomethacin pretreatment. Captopril significantly increased plasma bradykinin, prostaglandin E2, and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (p less than 0.05 for each). Indomethacin pretreatment did not affect the captopril-induced increase in bradykinin, but it did completely eliminate the increase in the prostaglandins. Plasma catecholamines did not change with captopril. These data suggest that the vasodilator prostaglandins play a significant role in captopril's peripheral vasodilative effects in congestive heart failure.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1989

Antigenic and genetic characterization of three influenza C strains isolated in the Kinki district of Japan in 1982-1983.

Three strains of influenza C virus (C/Kyoto/41/82, C/Nara/82, C/Hyogo/1/83) have been isolated from humans in the Kinki district of Japan between February 1982 and December 1983. Oligonucleotide mapping of total vRNA and antigenic analysis with anti-HE monoclonal antibodies have shown previously that they are closely similar to one another but dissimilar to any of the strains isolated in Japan before 1982. In the present study, the nucleotide sequences of the hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) genes of these three strains were determined and compared with those of the previously published strains. The results revealed that the Kinki isolates had a high nucleotide sequence homology (98.4-98.5%) with the virus isolated in 1980 in the United States (C/Mississippi/1/80). Similarity of the Kinki strains to C/Mississippi/1/80 was also confirmed by oligonucleotide mapping of total vRNA and antigenic comparison using a panel of 11 anti-HE monoclonal antibodies. The isolates from Kinki and Mississippi could be distinguished from the previously isolated strains in serological tests with heterogeneous sera, suggesting that they may have possessed epidemiological advantage in Japan around 1982-1983. These observations raise the possibility that the rapid spread of influenza C variant closely related to C/Mississippi/1/80 has occurred in Kinki in 1982-1983 presumably because this imported virus was largely different in antigenicity from the previously prevalent ones.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1989

Two distinct monoclonal natural thymocytotoxic autoantibodies from New Zealand black mouse.

Autoimmune-prone NZB and NZB x NZW F1 mice have a large amount of autoantibodies cytotoxic for thymocytes (natural thymocytotoxic autoantibodies, NTA). We established two distinct monoclonal NTAs (NTA260 and NTA204) from a NZB mouse that react with the majority, but not all of these thymocytes. Flow cytometry analysis showed that NTA260 is positive on subpopulations of peripheral T cells from young mice, in which approximately 65% of CD4+ and 85% of CD8+ T cells were NTA260+. NTA260 also reacted with brain tissues of mice and rats, including Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Western blot analysis showed that the molecular weight of NTA260 antigen was 55 kDa. In contrast to NTA260, NTA204 reacted with peripheral B cells but not with peripheral T cells in mice. NTA204 also reacted with peripheral blood granulocytes and bone marrow myeloid cells from both mice and rats. An immunofluorescence inhibition assay revealed the presence of autoantibodies with specificities of each NTA260 and NTA204 in the sera from NZB mice. As a selective decline in the subset of NTA260+ T cells but not NTA204+ B cells was observed with aging of NZB and NZB x NZW F1 hybrid mice, NTA260 is at least partly related to the observed immunological abnormalities of T cells in these autoimmune-prone New Zealand mice.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1989

Opposite effects of diazepam and beta-CCE on immobility and straw-climbing behavior of rats in a modified forced-swim test.

The present study was undertaken to examine how two ligands of the benzodiazepine receptor, which possess anxiolytic or anxiogenic actions, affect both the duration of immobility and the incidence of straw-climbing behavior in rats in a modified forced-swim test. Rats were injected IP with either vehicle, diazepam (0.5, 1, 5 mg/kg), or beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (beta-CCE; 0.5, 1, 2, 5 mg/kg), or a combination of diazepam at 1 mg/kg and beta-CCE at 2 mg/kg. In addition, Ro 15-1788 (1 mg/kg), a specific benzodiazepine antagonist, was injected IP 20 min after diazepam injection and immediately after beta-CCE injection, respectively. In the first 5-min period of the forced-swim test, diazepam at 5 mg/kg prolonged the duration of immobility, whereas beta-CCE at 1, 2 and 5 mg/kg reduced its duration. Immediately after the first 5-min test period, 4 straws were suspended above the surface of the water, and the number of straw-climbing attempts and the duration of immobility were measured for a subsequent 5-min test period. Straw-suspension elicited straw-climbing behavior in forced swimming rats, resulting in a shortening of the duration of immobility in this period. All doses of diazepam inhibited straw-climbing attempts and prolonged the duration of immobility in a dose-dependent manner. beta-CCE at 1 or 2 mg/kg enhanced straw-climbing attempts, but did not significantly affect the duration of immobility. Furthermore, the combined administration of diazepam and beta-CCE antagonized the respective drug effects on the duration of immobility and the number of straw-climbing attempts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Josamycin concentrations in human dental granuloma after a single oral administration of josamycin.

1. Josamycin concentrations in human serum and dental granuloma after a single oral administration of josamycin (600 mg) were assayed by an agar diffusion (paper disc) method. 2. The mean peak josamycin concentrations in serum and dental granuloma occurred at an identical time, approximately 90 min, and were 0.88 micrograms/ml and 1.61 micrograms/g, respectively. 3. The mean concentration ratio of dental granuloma to serum at the peak time was 2.24. 4. Josamycin concentration in dental granuloma at the peak time exceeded MIC80 for clinically isolated strains of Streptococcus group A, Peptostreptococcus spp., and Bacteroides spp.

Administration, Oral↗