Biomedical subjects

H Nishida

Publications and source records attributed to H Nishida.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIII on polymorphonuclear leucocytes in cord blood.

Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIII expression on polymorphonuclear leucocytes in cord blood from seven normal infants was investigated by flow cytometry. Fc gamma R expression on fresh polymorphonuclear leucocytes in whole blood samples and in blood samples incubated with or without interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) for 48 hours was also studied. The percentage of Fc gamma RIII positive polymorphonuclear leucocytes in cord blood (73.3%) was significantly lower than that in adult controls (95.9%). The mean fluorescence intensity of Fc gamma RIII was significantly increased on cord polymorphonuclear leucocytes by the incubation with IFN-gamma. Fresh cord polymorphonuclear leucocytes expressed only a small amount of Fc gamma RI as adult polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The percentage of Fc gamma RI positive polymorphonuclear leucocytes induced with IFN-gamma was significantly higher in cord blood (62.3%) than in adult controls (30.3%). It is possible that decreased expression of Fc gamma RIII is a factor in the susceptibility of newborns to infection. High expression of Fc gamma RI stimulated with IFN-gamma in neonates could have a compensatory role against decreased immunological function.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Treatment strategies for hepatic metastases from pancreatic cancer in patients previously treated with radical resection combined with intraoperative radiation therapy.

Since 1984, we have performed extended radical resection combined with extended intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) for pancreatic cancer. This approach has provided a dramatic improvement in long-term survival and control of local recurrence. Hepatic metastases, however, remain an unsolved problem. Among patients with this combined therapy, we found hepatic metastases in 8 of 22 patients postoperatively. Four of these 8 were considered candidates for further therapy and underwent treatment for their hepatic metastases, the other 4 had too extensive disease. Two patients with multiple hepatic metastases underwent percutaneous ethanol injection therapy and chemotherapy, but they died within a year. Two patients with a solitary hepatic metastases underwent hepatic resection. One patient died two years and six months after the first operation because of multiple metastases in the liver and both lungs, while the other patient is still alive over six years after the first operation with an excellent performance status. When a patient has no local recurrence and a solitary metastasis in the liver, surgical resection of the liver metastasis should be performed.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1994

Hypertension induced by nitric oxide synthesis inhibition is renal nerve dependent.

Recent studies have indicated that chronic administration of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, produces marked hypertension. Although the mechanism of this form of hypertension is not well understood, several studies have demonstrated that sympathetic nerve activity is at least acutely elevated after L-NAME administration. To evaluate the potential role of the renal sympathetic nerves in L-NAME-induced hypertension, we compared the blood pressure response to L-NAME in four groups of Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 8 each): (1) sham-operated vehicle-treated, (2) sham-operated L-NAME-treated, (3) denervated vehicle-treated, and (4) denervated L-NAME-treated. After renal denervation or sham surgery, L-NAME was added to the drinking water (70 mg/100 mL) for 4 weeks, and arterial pressure was measured weekly by the tail-cuff method. L-NAME treatment caused a progressive increase in arterial pressure in sham-operated rats, rising to 154 +/- 6 mm Hg by week 4 of treatment compared with 115 +/- 2 mm Hg in the vehicle-treated sham-operated group (P < .005). In contrast, the development of hypertension was significantly delayed and attenuated in renal-denervated rats treated with L-NAME. The results of our study suggest that L-NAME-induced hypertension may be partly mediated by or is at least dependent on the integrity of the renal nerves.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[Effects of ingestion of "BON-NARINE" on immune functions in mice].

A study was carried out to examine the effects of ingestion of "BON-NARINE" (BN) on mice immune functions. Mice aged 12 weeks were divided into 4 groups. The first group was given BN at 30 mg/kg (BN-30 group), the second group was given BN at 90 mg/kg (BN-90 group), the third group was given zymosan at 50 mg/kg (Zy group) and the fourth group was a control receiving no treatment. The mice of groups BN-30 and BN-90 were given BN p.o. at doses of 30 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg per day for 20 consecutive days, respectively. The mice of group Zy were given zymosan i.p. at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day for 2 consecutive days. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Potentiation of phagocytic function of the reticuloendothelial system, examined by the carbon clearance method, was seen in the BN-30, BN-90 and Zy groups. 2) The glucose consumption of peritoneal macrophages (M phi) increased significantly in the BN-30 and Zy groups, but not in the BN-90 group. 3) Superoxide anion (O2-) production of peritoneal M phi significantly increased in the BN-30 and Zy groups compared with the control group, but an increasing tendency was observed in the BN-90 group. 4) The acid phosphatase (APH), beta-glucuronidase (GLU) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities of peritoneal M phi increased significantly in the BN-30, BN-90 and Zy groups. 5) The proliferation of splenocytes induced by Con A in the BN-30, BN-90 and Zy groups significantly increased compared with the control group. These results demonstrated that the ingestion of "BON-NARINE" promotes phagocytic activity in the reticuloendothelial system in mice and has a stimulatory effect on M phi because of increases in glucose consumption, O2- production, APH, GLU and LDH activities in the peritoneal M phi of mice. BN also intensified the T-cell function represented by Con A-induced splenocyte proliferation.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

[A new electrode (HN-5) for CM measurement in extra-tympanic electrocochleography].

A new electrode (HN-5) for CM measurement in extra-tympanic electrocochleography (ECochG) has been developed. The electrode consists of a silver wire 2.0 mm in diameter and 5 cm in length connected to a low noise cable. The electrode impedance values were low and the frequency characteristics were excellent. In order to explore various artifacts, the electrode was inserted into a glass cup containing 100 ml of tap water, which served as a dummy ear. A sound stimulus with an intensity of 90 dBnHL was delivered by a shielded loudspeaker located 50 cm from the dummy ear (glass cup). In this dummy test, contamination with measurable artifacts, such as electromagnetic inductions generated by a sound transducer and the CM-like mechanical vibrations which activated the dummy ear acoustically, was kept within the noise levels inherent in the recording system. The CMs were recorded from subjects with normal hearing by placing an electrode adjacent to the postero-inferior rim of the tympanic membrane (annulus tympanicus). Short tone bursts were employed as acousti stimuli and delivered by the shielded loudspeaker. CM detection thresholds were very low and CM-like responses with delayed onset time (delayed CM) were clearly observed at lower stimulus levels. The input-output curves of the CMs and delayed CMs were non-linear. These findings from the CMs did not differ from those obtained by the transtympanic needle electrode technique. Responses obtained had satisfactory S/N ratios and resulted in almost the same average calculations as those with transtympanic ECochG.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Synthesis of doxorubicin-cyclodextrin conjugates.

Doxorubicin-gamma-cyclodextrin conjugates have been synthesized by the coupling of 14-bromodaunomycin with mono half-ester compounds linked to a 6-hydroxyl group of gamma-cyclodextrin. Release of drug from the conjugates in saline phosphate buffer solution and in vitro antitumor activity against L1210 leukemia cells were also investigated.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Pyripyropenes, novel inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. I. Production, isolation, and biological properties.

Aspergillus fumigatus FO-1289, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of novel inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT). Four active compounds, named pyripyropenes A, B, C and D, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Pyripyropenes A, B, C and D show very potent ACAT inhibitory activity in an enzyme assay system using rat liver microsomes with IC50 values of 58, 117, 53 and 268 nM, respectively.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Pyripyropenes, novel inhibitors of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase produced by Aspergillus fumigatus. II. Structure elucidation of pyripyropenes A, B, C and D.

The structures of pyripyropenes A, B, C and D, novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors, were determined mainly by spectroscopic studies including various NMR measurements. Pyripyropenes have a common structure which consists of pyridine, alpha-pyrone and sesquiterpene moieties. One of the three O-acetyl residues in the sesquiterpene moiety of pyripyropene A is replaced with an O-propionyl residue in pyripyropenes B, C and D.

Aspergillus fumigatus↗

PubMed1994