Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Niitani

Publications and source records attributed to H Niitani.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[High-risk group--lung cancer].

Carcinogenesis of the lung cancer may have possibly many factors because that lung has been always exposed many extrinsic materials. Investigation of risk factor and recognition of high-risk group of lung cancer possess much important meaning, approached not only carcinogenesis of the lung but also clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. In this report, risk factors that established hitherto, air pollution, occupation, smoking habit and co-existing other lung disease are reviewed as high-risk groups of lung cancer.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1987

[Combination effects of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) and sodium thiosulfate on renal dysfunction].

Forty-five patients with lung carcinoma were randomized to receive CDDP alone (STS (-) group) or combination of sodium thiosulfate (STS (+) group). Among the 45 patients, 42 had primary lung carcinoma and four had metastatic lung carcinoma. The combination of CDDP and STS infusion was performed in twenty-three patients and CDDP alone in 22 patients. The patients given STS were evaluated for renal function and pharmacokinetics. Urinary excretion of beta 2 microglobulin (BMG) and urinary concentration of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide (NAG), which reflect the function of the proximal tubules, were almost normal in the STS (+) group, but abnormally high in the STS (-) group. For serum BMG, BUN, creatinine, and 24-h creatinine clearance, which reflect glomerular function, no significant differences were found between the two groups. Urinary platinum excretion over 24 h was 29% in the STS (+) group and 21% in the STS (-) group. Total concentration of serum platinum after 24-h administration of CDDP was 2.1 micrograms/ml in the STS (+) group and 2.4 micrograms/ml in the STS (-) group. This study indicated that the combination of CDDP and STS promotes urinary excretion of CDDP, and rescues the dysfunction of the proximal tubules.

Blood Urea Nitrogen↗
PubMed1986

Clinical evaluation of bisoprolol in patients with stable angina pectoris: a preliminary report.

Efficacy and safety of the new beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, bisoprolol, in treatment of stable angina pectoris were studied in 36 patients using two types of single-blind design. After 2 weeks of therapy with bisoprolol in doses of 5 mg to 10 mg a day, exercise duration and time to 1 mm of ST-segment depression were significantly prolonged in 7 out of 10 patients who had a positive treadmill exercise test before bisoprolol. Bisoprolol significantly reduced heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and rate-pressure product (RPP) at peak exercise, which would account for the beneficial effect of bisoprolol on exercise tolerance. Bisoprolol also produced improvement in symptoms for 26 patients with stable effort angina, as indicated by decreased frequency of anginal attacks and nitroglycerin consumption with a once-a-day regimen. Ten patients had no attacks after 5 mg of bisoprolol, and three more did not develop angina after increasing the dose to 10 mg a day. These results suggest that bisoprolol will be a promising, efficacious, and safe drug for the treatment of stable angina pectoris.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

A new method for the histological study of aging changes in the sinoatrial node.

In the autopsied heart, histological observation of specialized conducting cells, especially in the sinoatrial node, is very difficult. Conducting cells were investigated and classified in electron microscopic studies which were not adapted to the examination of the autopsied heart. In this study, we aimed to obtain a clear understanding of the microenvironment in the sinoatrial node of autopsied hearts. For this purpose, we prepared 1 mu thick sections using epon embedding methods for electron microscopy. Thus, we were able to isolate human SA nodal cells from the background collagen fiber, and morphological classification of conducting cells was enhanced. We examined histologically SA nodal cells from various age groups (20-86 years of age), and calculated the mean diameter and number of nodal cells in 4 age groups. SA nodal cells increased in diameter and decreased in number with aging.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Phase II study of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) in patients with malignant cancer--a multi-institutional cooperative study].

A phase II study of oral 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) was conducted on a multi-institutional basis. Six hundred and ninety-two cases were entered into this study and evaluated by the extramural review committee. In 437 evaluable cases the response rate was 16.0%, 13 CR and 57 PR. The response rate of gastric cancer was 14.3%, 1 CR and 19 PR out of 140 evaluable cases, that of colorectal cancer was 9.2%, 1 CR and 6 PR out of 76 evaluable cases, and that of breast cancer was 35.9%, 11 CR and 26 PR out of 103 evaluable cases. The response rate was high with a long-lasting efficacy in breast cancer. Although the number of cases was small, PR was observed in 3 cases of head & neck, and in 1 case each of esophagus, gall-bladder and thyroid cancer. The optimal daily dosage was considered to be 800-1,200 mg/body/day. The tumor began to decrease in size within 8 weeks of treatment in most of the responded cases. Side effects were observed in 44.4% of 513 cases. Diarrhea occurred with the highest rate (26.3%), but this was controllable.

Anorexia↗
PubMed1985

[Phase I clinical study of NK 171 (etoposide)].

A phase I clinical study of NK 171 (Etoposide), a semi-synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, administered by intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) routes was carried out in patients with malignant tumour who were resistant to standard therapy. As a starting dose of NK 171, 33mg/m2 (expressed as 1n) was administered for 5 consecutive days and the daily dose was increased step by step to a dose of 3.5n i.v. or 5n p.o. respectively. The dose-limiting factor of NK 171 given by the i.v. route was leukopenia and the nadir of leukopenia was observed about 2 weeks after the final day of drug administration in the case of both i.v. and p.o. routes. Recovery from leukopenia required about 3 and 2 weeks from the nadir in the case of i.v. and p.o. administration, respectively. Thrombocytopenia also occurred, but to a lower degree than that observed for leukopenia. A further side effect, alopecia, was observed in about half of the patients. From these results, it was concluded that the recommendable dose schedules of NK 171 for phase II clinical studies are 80-100mg/m2, i.v. and 110-130mg/m2, p.o., respectively, daily for 5 consecutive days and repeated every 4-5 weeks.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Ultrastructure of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the ischemic myocardium.

Fine structural changes in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in myocardial ischemia, induced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery in the canine heart, were studied by the freeze-fracture technique in situ and in vitro and compared to the alterations in Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of the isolated SR. Both SR in situ and the isolated SR exhibited the typical intramembranous particles of 70-90 A in freeze-fracture replicas, and the numbers of particles were more numerous in the concave face (PF) than in the convex face (EF). The numbers of particles in the PF were 2748/micron 2 on the average. In ischemia for 1-2 hr, a significant decrease in the numbers of the particles was found in SR in situ, and corresponding changes were noted in the isolated SR. Decreases in Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity and in the major protein band of ATPase were recognized simultaneously. The close correlation of the changing patterns between the reduction in Ca2+-ATPase and that in the intramembranous particle density during ischemia supports the suggestion that a large part of the intramembranous particles represents ATPase protein itself. The decrease in the particles of SR membrane indicates the degradation of ATPase in the process of ischemic myocardial necrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[A phase II study of NK171 (etoposide)].

A phase II study of NK171 (etoposide), a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin, was carried out in patients with primary lung cancer at 46 institutes throughout Japan. Out of 198 patients registered for the study, 130 were judged eligible by the committee for extramural review and the response rate was 13.8% (18/130). The response rates were 17.4% (15/86) by i.v. administration and 6.8% (3/44) by oral administration. In the case of i.v. administration, the response was observed only for small cell carcinoma and the response rate was 32.6% (15/46). In the case of oral administration, the response rates were 16.7% (1/6) for squamous cell carcinoma, 12.5% (1/8) for adenocarcinoma and 3.4% (1/29) for small carcinoma. As a hematological toxicity, leukopenia (less than 3,000/mm3) was observed in 66.7% and 35.3% of cases treated, for i.v. and oral administration, respectively. With regard to the clinical picture, alopecia was observed at high incidences of 73-82% in the cases of both i.v. and oral administration.

Adenocarcinoma↗