Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Narabayashi

Publications and source records attributed to H Narabayashi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Reaction time of patients with Parkinson's disease, with reference to asymmetry of neurological signs.

Electromyographic reaction times of the left and the right finger extensor muscles in extension movement of the wrist were examined in 42 patients with Parkinson's disease, and 20 normal subjects. Compared to the normal subjects and the patients with neurological signs confined to the right side, the patients with neurological signs on the left side or on both sides showed slowing of reaction times regardless of the side of responding hand. The patients with asymmetry of bilateral neurological signs showed slower RTs on the more affected side.

Electromyography↗
PubMed1985

Idiopathic oromandibular dyskinesia treated by Vo complex microstereotactic thalamotomy.

Two cases of oromandibular or buccolingual dyskinesia, which did not respond to medical therapy, had lesions produced in the Vo complex of the thalamus by microstereotactic surgery with almost complete relief of symptoms. It was assumed the symptom, as well as levodopa-induced dyskinesia, may depend on the striato-pallido-thalamic projection.

Facial Muscles↗
PubMed1985

[A case of jaw opening phenomenon associated with basilar artery thrombosis].

We describe a 74 year old man who showed the jaw opening phenomenon by painful stimuli from two months after the onset of basilar artery thrombosis. He was admitted to our hospital because of consciousness disturbance and paralysis of all extremities. Soon after admission, he was in a state of impending herniation but with conservative therapy he recovered slightly, and then fell into an akinetic and mute state. Two months after the onset of the stroke, he began to open his mouth in response to painful stimuli, and five months after the stroke palatal myoclonus also appeared. Neurological signs and symptoms five months after admission were as follows; he was akinetic, mute and always kept his eyes closed because of complete blepharoptosis due to oculomotor nerve palsy. Pupils were dilated and adducted. Bilateral light reflexes were absent and the oculocepharic reflex could not adduct the eyes inwardly. Bilateral corneal reflexes were present, facial reflexes were exaggerated and jaw reflexes were also active. All limbs were spastic and paralyzed, and no voluntary movement was observed. Deep tendon reflexes were active in all extremities, and bilateral plantar responses were extensor. Palatal myoclonus was recognized in his soft palate, lips, sternocleidomastoid and diaphragm. Its frequency was about 150 cycles per minute. CT scan revealed severe low density areas in the midbrain and bilateral posterior lobes. In cerebral angiography, the upper part of the basilar artery was completely occluded.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Long-term evaluation of tiapride in patients with various forms of dyskinesia].

Tiapride, a substituted benzamide derivative having chemical structure similar to sulpiride and metoclopramide, has been demonstrated to be a selective dopamine receptor blocking agent of the central nervous system, especially the D2-receptor. The purpose of present study was to investigate efficacy and safety of Tiapride in patients with various forms of dyskinesia in long-term treatment. Severity of dyskinesia was rated using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) developed by the National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.A.). Rating was made before, on week 1,2 and thereafter at 1 to 2 month interval. Adverse reaction was also checked on severity, onset, course and treatment. In patients with parkinsonism, Hoehn Yahr's Grading was also administered. Based on these recording, overall improvement rating (OIR), overall safety rating (OSR) and usefulness, taken OIR and OSR in combination into account, were evaluated at the end of week 4 and at study completion. The results are summarized as follow; Tiapride was given to 17 patients aged 39 to 81 (average: 62.8) in total, 9 with idiopathic dyskinesia, 5 with Meige's syndrome and 3 with parkinsonism developing dyskinesia induced by L-DOPA. Daily doses were ranged from 50 mg in patients with parkinsonism to 600 mg in those with Meige's syndrome. Administration period was 35 to 748 days (average: 324 days). 1. Overall improvement rating (OIR); OIR showed that Tiapride was "markedly improved" in 3 patients, "moderately improved" in 10 and "slightly improved" in 4 on week 4, increasing up to "markedly improved" in 8, "moderately improved" in 6 and "slightly improved" in 3, respectively at study completion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Benzamides↗
PubMed1984

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia and thalamotomy.

Levodopa-induced dyskinesia of the limbs in thirteen cases of Parkinsonism, which was choreic, ballistic or dystonic in type, was alleviated almost completely by stereotaxic surgery using a microelectrode technique for the ventralis oralis anterior and posterior nuclei of the thalamus, but much less by the ventralis intermedius nucleus. Control of levodopa-induced dyskinesias by thalamic lesions in the course of routine treatment of Parkinsonism is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Palatal myoclonus--its remote influence.

Four patients with palatal myoclonus were examined electromyographically. Surface EMG was recorded simultaneously from several myoclonic muscles and the correlation between their rhythmic discharges was shown. The possible existence of a remote influence of palatal myoclonus was tested by recording soleus and anterior tibial H-reflexes and seeking a correlation of their amplitudes with the rhythm of palatal myoclonus. Two cases, both with additional severe spasticity in the legs, showed rhythmic variation of the soleus H-reflex amplitude corresponding with that of their palatal myoclonus. This suggests that the neural mechanism generating the visible myoclonus has much more extensive effects.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of parkinsonism with L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine: a pharmacokinetic study.

We have examined the kinetics of oral L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS) alone and combined with peripheral decarboxylase inhibitors in patients with Parkinson's disease and other degenerative diseases of the brain. Combined administration of L-threo-DOPS and carbidopa or benserazide produced higher plasma concentrations of L-threo-DOPS and suppressed the increase in plasma norepinephrine. This finding indicates some advantages of combined therapy with L-threo-DOPS and decarboxylase inhibitors. Measurable quantities of DL-threo-DOPS were found in the CSF during repeated administration, but there was no consistent change in norepinephrine concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Catecholamine-related enzymes and the biopterin cofactor in Parkinson's disease and related extrapyramidal diseases.

In parkinsonian brain, TH and the BP cofactor, as well as DBH and PNMT with phenylethanolamine as substrate, are decreased. However, decrease in AADC with L-DOPA as substrate was not statistically significant. TH activity has also been shown to be decreased in striatonigral degeneration and Shy-Drager syndrome. TH reduction only in striatum but not in substantia nigra was found in a case of juvenile Parkinson's disease. Changes in AADC with L-DOPA or L-5-HTP as substrates varied in parkinsonian brains. PNMT with norepinephrine as substrate was also significantly decreased in parkinsonian brains. After administration of tyrosine to mice, the BP concentration was increased in striatum, adrenals, and serum. Mean BP concentration in serum of parkinsonian patients was slightly but significantly lower than that in controls. The serum BP increased three- to sevenfold in response to an oral tyrosine load in controls, whereas there was no increase or only a minor one (less than threefold) in parkinsonian patients. Our present results indicate that all catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes and BP synthesis may be impaired in Parkinson's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[A case of intracranial malignant lymphoma with pure akinesia and repeated regression on CT scans].

In a case of primary reticulum cell sarcoma in the brain, histologically verified by biopsy, the tumor regressed twice on a CT scan without radiotherapy. The systemic freezing phenomenon was seen as a main clinical symptom. The patient, a 44 year-old male, first complained of decreased livido and festinating speech. He also showed frozen gait, micrographia, a decrease in spontaneity and urinary incontinence. Four months after onset he was hospitalized. Neurological findings on admission revealed freezing of gait, writing, and speech, but there was no weakness of muscles with normal tendon reflexes, and normal muscular tone. In the CT scan on admission, there were high density areas mainly in the head of the right caudate nucleus, the medial deep portion of the right frontal lobe, the right side of the hypothalamus, the anterior thalamus, the globus pallidus. There were also nodular-type enhanced effects in the same areas. Regression of the tumor was seen on the CT scans after administration of betamethasone. The tumor which had again increased in size regressed spontaneously without the use of steroids after 3 months. Thereafter, the tumor gradually became larger and an open biopsy was performed. Histopathological findings showed a reticulum cell sarcoma. There were no findings of systemic malignant lymphoma. Such intracranial malignant lymphomas showing repeated regression including spontaneous one are very rare in the literature. The freezing phenomenon in this case started with festinating speech and spread to writing and gait. L-DOPA had no effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Effects of tyrosine administration on serum biopterin in normal controls and patients with Parkinson's disease.

After administration of tyrosine, total concentration of biopterin, the cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, was increased in the striatum, adrenal glands, and serum of rats, and in the serum of humans. Serum biopterin is lower in patients with Parkinson's disease than in normal controls. After oral administration of tyrosine, the increase in serum biopterin concentration was smaller in patients with Parkinson's disease (less than twofold) than in healthy controls (three-to sevenfold). These results suggest that tyrosine may have a regulatory role in biopterin biosynthesis and that patients with Parkinson's disease may have some abnormality in the regulation of biopterin biosynthesis.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

Recent status of stereotaxic surgery.

Another important technical advance is the development of computed tomography (CT) instrumentation. The most recent equipment is able to detect lesions 2 mm in diameter. When the stereotaxic frame is exactly adjusted to the CT axis, the structures in the depth of the brain can be visualized and localized and can be referred to the three-dimensional coordinates of the stereotaxic instrument. This will enable the exact insertion of the stereotaxic needle to a small tumor lying in the depth of the brain or to some type of vascular lesions. Three-dimensional angiography would also provide the detailed information about such deep-lying tumors and their blood supply. It is highly probable that further advances in tomographic instrumentation will take the place of pneumoventriculography or positive contrast ventriculography, even in cases of functional stereotaxis. However, the importance of using the sophisticated physiologic methods previously described remains the same. At present, these new developments are still at the stage of designing instrumentation. Much is expected in the future. In summary, stereotaxic surgery is a selective technique to approach deep-lying structures in the human brain. It enables us to examine and treat the pathology in the depth of the brain. The important and necessary attitude of the scientist is how to understand the nature of the symptoms and the diseases, on which the prognostic value of the lifelong treatment may depend.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Kinetics of superoxide formation by respiratory chain NADH- dehydrogenase of bovine heart mitochondria.

Formation of superoxide anions (O2-) by bovine heart NADH-dehydrogenase preparation (Complex I) supported by an NADH- or NADPH-generating system was studied kinetically. Both NADH- and NADPH-dependent superoxide-forming activities of Complex I were biphasic in double reciprocal plots. The NADH-dependent reaction had two sets of kinetic parameters: One Km value for NADH was 10 times higher than the other one, and the Vmax of the reaction with high Km was about 4 times higher than that of the reaction with low Km. Similar Vmax values were obtained for the NADPH-dependent reactions but the Km values were a thousand times higher than those of the NADH-dependent reactions. The plots of the NADH-dependent activity of rotenone-treated submitochondrial particles were also biphasic. The double reciprocal plots of NADH- and NADPH-dependent 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP) reductase activities of Complex I were linear and the plots of the superoxide-forming activities against the DCIP reductase activities were biphasic. These results indicate that the biphasic double reciprocal plots of the superoxide-forming activities against reduced coenzymes are not caused by interaction between reduced coenzymes and the NADH-dehydrogenase but are due to the presence of at least two superoxide-forming sites in the respiratory chain NADH-dehydrogenase.

Animals↗