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Biomedical subjects

H Nakata

Publications and source records attributed to H Nakata.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Bone scintigraphy in bone metastases due to prostatic cancer].

Findings of bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP were compared with bone radiography and biochemical data including total acid phosphatase (T. ACP), prostatic acid phosphatase (P. ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in 35 patients with histologically proven prostatic cancer. Bone metastases were diagnosed in 20 of 35 cases (57%) by scintigraphy. The common sites of metastases were the pelvic bones, ribs, lumbar and thoracic vertebrae. In vertebrae, metastases were mainly distributed in the lower level. The most frequent radiographic change due to metastases was the osteoblastic type. On follow-up studies, there was a relatively good agreement in the results of bone scintigraphy and radiography. However, there was a good number of cases showing discrepancy between either scintigraphy or radiography and laboratory data. Bone scintigraphy seems to be the most contributory in monitoring bone metastases from prostatic cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Identification of serotonergic neurons in human brain by a monoclonal antibody binding to all three aromatic amino acid hydroxylases.

A monoclonal antibody, PH8, has been isolated and shown by immunocytochemistry to bind to serotonergic and catecholaminergic neurons in sections of the rat and human brain. In human brain, obtained at autopsy, particular fixation and embedding conditions eliminate the labelling of catecholaminergic neurons while leaving intact the labelling of serotonergic neurons. This property makes the antibody of potential use for structural studies of serotonergic neurons in the normal and diseased human brain. PH8 was raised to pure monkey phenylalanine hydroxylase and has been shown to bind to the 50,000 mol. wt. phenylalanine hydroxylase polypeptide. Immunocytochemical and immunochemical evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that the labelling of serotonergic and catecholaminergic neurons results from the binding of PH8 to tryptophan and tyrosine hydroxylase, respectively.

Adrenal Medulla↗
PubMed1987

[Combined radiotherapy and local external hyperthermia in advanced cancer--animal experiment and clinical study].

The response of a mouse's foot to heat was studied. Transplanted syngeneic tumor, C3H mouse mammary carcinoma, was treated with irradiation and hyperthermia in a waterbath. The tumor did not disappear in any of the mice treated with radiotherapy with a dose of 20 Gy alone, but disappearance of the tumor was observed in 11 of 15 and 6 of 8 of the mice treated with combined therapy of irradiation and hyperthermia. There was a significant difference between these two groups. Synergistic effect was confirmed (P less than 0.001, P less than 0.005). Hyperthermia using Thermotron RF-8 was performed on 19 patients (5 bladder cancers, 3 uterine cancers, 3 rectal cancers, 4 soft tissue tumors, 2 oral cancers, 1 biliary tract cancer, 1 renal cancer) between April, 1986 and December, 1986. They were irradiated with a daily dose of 1.5-2.0 Gy, 5 times a week and hyperthermia was performed within 30 minutes after each irradiation once or twice a week. Intratumoral temperature was kept at 43 degrees C-45 degrees C. Temperature over 41 degrees C was maintained in most patients. Clinical response was assessed by tumor regression rates. Partial response a (PRa), defined as 80% or more regression in tumor volume, was obtained in 1 bladder cancer patient and PRb, defined as 50% to less than 80% regression, was obtained in another 5 patients. Side effects were observed in all patients including mild skin burn, nausea and diarrhea. Rectovaginal fistula developed in 1 patient. Combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia seems to be useful in advanced cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prospective controlled trial of elective endoscopic sclerotherapy in comparison with percutaneous transhepatic obliteration of esophageal varices in patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis.

The results of a prospective randomized controlled trial of elective endoscopic intravariceal sclerotherapy carried out over a 36-mo period in comparison with elective percutaneous transhepatic obliteration of varices (PTO) are presented. Sixty-six patients with nonalcoholic cirrhosis were randomized after they had stabilized, usually between 7 and 14 days after variceal bleeding had stopped following medical treatment (balloon tamponade and vasopressin infusion). Thirty-three patients were assigned to the sclerotherapy group and the other 33 patients were assigned to the PTO group. The mean follow-up period was similar in both groups. There was no significant difference in demographic, clinical, and laboratory data between the two groups. Six patients (18%) in the sclerotherapy group and 21 (64%) in the PTO group had at least one episode of gastrointestinal bleeding during the follow-up period (p less than 0.005). Three patients in the sclerotherapy group and 1 patient in the PTO group bled from lesions other than varices; therefore the incidence of variceal bleeding was 9% in the former and 61% in the latter (p less than 0.005). The cumulative variceal bleeding rate was significantly lower in the sclerotherapy group than the PTO group (p less than 0.05). Five patients in the sclerotherapy group died during the follow-up period but none died of recurrent variceal bleeding. Nineteen patients in the PTO group died and 10 of them died of bleeding from varices. The cumulative survival rate was significantly better in the sclerotherapy group (p less than 0.05). These results indicate that elective endoscopic intravariceal sclerotherapy is superior to elective PTO in the prevention of recurrent variceal hemorrhage and mortality in nonalcoholic cirrhosis.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of "big big prolactin" in serum and tumor extract in patients with PRL-secreting tumor.

Molecular size heterogeneity of immunoreactive prolactin (PRL) in sera of pregnant women and patients with PRL-secreting pituitary tumor as well as pituitary tumor extract was investigated. "Big big PRL" in the vicinity of the void volume was identified by PRL radioimmunoassay. The ratio of "big big PRL" to "little PRL" was almost constant in normal pregnant women, while the proportion varied from case to case in patients with pituitary tumor. The ratio of "big big PRL" to "little PRL" was significantly (P less than 0.01) larger in these patients (43.3 +/- 9.8%, mean +/- SE) than in pregnant women (13.0 +/- 0.77%). Neither radiation therapy nor thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation significantly affected the ratio of "big big PRL" to "little PRL", while it decreased from 20.5% to 9.5% one month after tumor resection. The elution patterns of the normal human pituitary extract and the tumor extract obtained from patients with PRL-secreting pituitary tumor revealed peaks in identical positions, although the ratio of "big big PRL" to "little PRL" in the tumor extract (38.2 +/- 3.6%) was significantly (P less than 0.01) larger than that in normal human pituitary extract (5.8 +/- 2.8%). These results indicate that "big big PRL" is present in sera of pregnant women and patients with PRL-secreting pituitary tumor, normal pituitary extract and tumor extract. It is also suggested that the increased circulating "big big PRL" observed in patients with PRL-secreting tumor may originate in tumor tissue.

Chromatography, Affinity↗
PubMed1987

Radiologic findings in xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis is rare, and information on its radiologic diagnosis is limited. Radiologic findings of seven patients with histologically proven xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis were reviewed retrospectively. Sonography showed a calculus or calculi of the gallbladder with moderate thickening of the wall in all. IV cholangiography was performed in six cases. Findings were nonspecific. Four had nonopacified gallbladder, and one had stenosis of the proximal part of the common bile duct. Marked thickening of the gallbladder wall was seen in six of seven cases on CT. In one case the thickened wall was lobulated and irregular. The border between the gallbladder and the adjacent liver was unclear in two and relatively clear in five. Four patients underwent angiography to evaluate the possibility of tumor. Two of them had irregularity and stenosis of the cystic artery highly suggestive of carcinoma. The other two showed only dilatation of the cystic artery. On the basis of all radiologic studies, carcinoma was diagnosed preoperatively in two of the seven cases. Radiologically, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis may best be regarded as a tumor-like condition and should be included in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The effects of endoscopic sclerotherapy combined with transhepatic variceal obliteration on portal hemodynamics.

We studied the effects of endoscopic sclerotherapy with transhepatic variceal obliteration on portal hemodynamics in 20 patients with cirrhosis (six with a spontaneous splenorenal shunt and 14 without it). Portal venous flow 1 month after combined therapy (measured by pulsed Doppler flowmeter) was significantly increased compared with that before therapy (n = 20, 843 +/- 339 vs. 669 +/- 253 ml/min, p less than 0.001). Portal vein catheterization and portal venous flow measurement were repeated 18 months after therapy in eight patients without a splenorenal shunt before therapy and in two patients with a splenorenal shunt before therapy. Two of the former developed a splenorenal shunt. In these 10 patients, portal venous flow before, one month, and 18 months after therapy was 617 +/- 219, 784 +/- 227, and 720 +/- 224 ml/min, respectively, and in 8 of 10 patients the portal venous flow at 18 months remained similar to the values at one month. Portal vein pressures were not significantly elevated 18 months after therapy (35.4 +/- 6.4 vs. 33.6 +/- 5.1 cm H2O) and the mean portal vein pressure change was 2.75 cm H2O (range -6 to +7.5 cm H2O). To summarize, portal venous flow was significantly increased one month after combined sclerotherapy in cirrhotics, the portal venous flow at 18 months remained similar to the values at 1 month in most patients, and the change in portal vein pressure after therapy was small.

Blood Flow Velocity↗