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Biomedical subjects

H Nakata

Publications and source records attributed to H Nakata.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Pharmacological studies on leaf of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. I. Combined effect of 50% methanolic extract from Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. (bearberry leaf) and prednisolone on immuno-inflammation].

The effect of 50% methanolic extract (U-ext) from Bearberry leaf on immuno-inflammation was studied by contact dermatitis caused by picryl chloride (PC-CD) in mice. The combined effect of U-ext and prednisolone was also investigated by using similar experimental model. When given orally twice immediately before and 16 h after the application of PC-CD, U-ext did not show an inhibitory effect on the swelling induced by PC-CD while it exhibited a significant therapeutic effect at a dose of 100 mg/kg or more once 24 h after the application. When U-ext (p.o.) and prednisolone (s.c.) in a given portion were simultaneously administered, the inhibitory effect was more potent than that of prednisolone alone in both administration immediately before and 16 h after or once 24 h after the application. Arbutin isolated from U-ext also increased the inhibitory effect of prednisolone similarly to that of U-ext. These results suggest that Bearberry leaf possesses a therapeutic effect against immuno-inflammation induced by PC-CD and also increases the inhibitory effect of prednisolone, and its active principle may be arbutin.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Pharmacological study on Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. II. Combined effects of arbutin and prednisolone or dexamethazone on immuno-inflammation].

A study was carried out to examine the combined effect of arbutin isolated from the leaves of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. (Bearberry leaf) and prednisolone or dexamethazone on Type IV allergic reaction-induced immuno-inflammation. Contact dermatitis caused by picryl chloride (PC-CD) and sheep red cell delayed type hypersensitivity (SRBC-DTH) in mice was not inhibited by the oral application of arbutin at 2 divided doses immediately before and 16 h after the application, but arbutin at doses of 10, 50 mg/kg 24 h after the application speedily decreased the swelling of PC-CD and SRBC-DTH. Arbutin plus prednisolone or dexamethazone showed the inhibitory effect on the swelling of PC-CD and SRBC-DTH stronger than that of prednisolone or dexamethazone alone. Prednisolone and dexamethazone decreased the weight of thymus and spleen in intact, PC-CD and SRBC-DTH mice, but arbutin did not show these effects. These results suggest that arbutin may increase the inhibitory action of prednisolone and dexamethazone on PC-CD and SRBC-DTH, but further investigations are required to understand the mechanism involved.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunoradiometric assay for prolactin in serum and tissue--comparison with radioimmunoassay.

Prolactin (PRL) concentrations in sera and tumors of patients with various pituitary tumors were measured by both immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). PRL concentrations in sera and tumor tissues measured by IRMA were well correlated with those measured by RIA. PRL concentrations in sera reflected those of tumors removed. This IRMA is a simple and useful method for PRL determination in serum and tissue.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1990

[Improvement of the anemia associated with multiple myeloma and renal dysfunction by recombinant human erythropoietin].

Recombinant human erythropoietin was administered to an anemic patient with multiple myeloma (IgD, lambda type) and renal dysfunction who had been dependent on blood transfusions. Three thousand units of the recombinant human erythropoietin was given intravenously three times a week. Thereafter transfusion requirements, hemoglobin level, and reticulocyte responses have been monitored. An increase in hemoglobin level and reticulocyte counts was observed within 10 days and then further blood transfusion was not necessary. Neither organ dysfunction nor toxic effects were observed. The administration of recombinant human erythropoietin can be a new method to treat anemia associated with multiple myeloma and renal dysfunction.

Anemia, Refractory↗
PubMed1990

[The efficacy of bone scintigraphy screening in postoperative follow-up of breast cancer patients].

Discussed are 110 breast cancer patients given surgery, totaling 70 stage 1 cases, 22 stage II cases, 15 stage III cases, and 3 stage IV cases, that were routinely followed-up postoperatively at 6 or 12-month intervals, said follow-ups including bone scintigraphy screening. Among 394 bone scintigrams taken of these 100 patients, 15 new cases of a bone metastasis were detected, 9 of which had either a local recurrence or an associated metastasis at the time that their bone metastasis was detected. In only 1 case, at more than five years after surgery, was a bone metastasis detected by bone scintigraphy, and even this case had another metastasis at that time. Therefore, the value of bone scintigraphy screening as part of the follow-up of postoperative breast cancer patients is questioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of antigens defined by anti-Anisakis larvae antibodies of IgE and IgG type in the sera of patients with acute gastrointestinal anisakiasis].

Using SDS-PAGE and Immunoblotting assay, we analysed antigens defined by anti-Anisakis Larvae antibodies of IgE and IgG type in the sera of patients with acute gastrointestinal anisakiasis. 1) Humoral IgE response to 76, 64 and 60 kDa molecular weight proteins of Anisakis Larvae and IgG response to 91, 76, 64 and 60 kDa molecular weight proteins were demonstrated in the sera of patients with acute gastric anisakiasis. Those humoral antibody responses were also demonstrated in the sera of two patients with intestinal anisakiasis. 2) Those antibodies to 76, 64 and 60 kDa proteins may be Anisakis-specific antibodies, because anti-Anisakis Larvae antibodies of IgE and IgG type did not react with the similar MW proteins of Ascaris suum homogenates. 3) Also anti-Anisakis Larvae antibodies reacted with Anisakis Excretory and Secretory (E.S.) protein which included specific 76 and 60 kDa proteins, but they did not react with purified Anisakis hemoglobin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Dexamethasone effects on the distribution of water and albumin in cold-injury cerebral edema.

To evaluate the effectiveness of steroids in the treatment of traumatic cerebral edema, we have hypothesized that the distribution of water and RISA is diminished by Dex and have experimentally tested this proposition with the rat model of cortical cold injury. Dex was found to have no effect on the water content of normal brain. The cold injury significantly increased the water content of only the right middle forebrain in untreated rats; in contrast, the increase in water content in the right middle forebrain after cold injury was small and insignificant in Dex-treated rats. Dex diminished the distribution of RISA in the tissue immediately adjacent to the primary lesion but did not affect RISA distribution within the lesion or the remainder of the brain. These findings suggest that steroids do not alter the distribution of water and albumin within cerebral tissue that has been heavily damaged and that steroids do affect these processes in the less traumatized tissue immediately surrounding the primary lesion.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effects of dexamethasone on blood flow and volume of perfused microvessels in traumatic brain edema.

We have hypothesized that dexamethasone acts, in part, to reduce the formation and spread of edema fluid by altering CBF and VPM and have tested this proposition by measuring CBF and VPM in treated and untreated rats at several times after cold injury of the cerebral cortex. Both CBF and VPM were markedly decreased within the lesioned cortex. This suggests that the major cause of the fall in CBF was a decrease in the number of perfused microvessels. In untreated rats after cold injury, CBF was not appreciably changed in cortical tissue adjacent to the primary lesion and in contralateral cortex. Dexamethasone may, however, have lowered CBF in these two "normal" brain areas after cold injury. In the ipsilateral corpus callosum adjacent to the lesion, CBF was significantly lowered after cold injury. In the corpus callosum on both sides. CBF tended to be lower in dexamethasone-treated than in untreated rats. Because arterial pressure was similar in treated and untreated rats but CBF was consistently lower in treated rats, dexamethasone may increase the resistance to flow of the blood vessels proximal to the leaky microvessels and reduce the hydrostatic pressure that drives the formation of edema fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Purification of A1 adenosine receptor from rat brain membranes.

The A1 adenosine receptor from rat brain membranes has been purified about 50,000-fold to apparent homogeneity by sequential use of affinity chromatography on immobilized xanthine amine congener-agarose, hydroxylapatite chromatography, and reaffinity chromatography. The overall yield starting from the membranes was approximately 4%. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified preparation gave a broad single band of an apparent molecular weight of 34,000 either by silver staining or autoradiogram after radioiodination. The purified receptor bound approximately 24 nmol of 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-[3H]dipropylxanthine/mg of protein with a dissociation constant of 1.4 nM. This maximum specific binding value is consistent with the expected theoretical specific activity (29.4 nmol/mg) for a protein with a molecular mass of 34,000 daltons if it is assumed that there is one ligand-binding site/receptor molecule. Affinity-labeling experiments using [3H]p-phenylenediisothiocyanate-xanthine amine congener showed that the Mr = 34,000 protein band contained the ligand-binding sites. The purified receptor gave a typical A1 adenosine receptor pharmacological specificity similar to that of unpurified receptor preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Computed tomography of calcaneal fractures--comparison with conventional radiography].

Computed tomography (CT) and conventional radiography were compared in 52 calcaneal fractures. As for CT, direct coronal imagings were performed in all and direct axial imagings were added in 27 of them. Conventional radiography included lateral, axial, and Anthonsen (oblique) views. Overall CT detected 7 more of the incongruity of the posterior facet, 9 more of the bulging of the lateral wall, and 6 more of the fracture of the sustentaculum tali than conventional radiography. In addition the entrapment of the peroneal tendons between the calcaneal body and the fibular malleolus could be evaluated only with CT. These informations are indispensable for the proper treatment of the fractures and we conclude that CT is useful in evaluating calcaneal fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

CT of malignant mesenchymoma of the esophagus.

Malignant mesenchymoma rarely originates from the gastrointestinal tract. Here we describe a case of an esophageal origin in a 50-year-old man. Computed tomography contributed to the diagnosis by having shown unique ossifications in the tumor.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

Primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum.

A rare case of a primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum in a 7 year old girl is presented. Although rectal polyps in children are usually benign juvenile polyps, a rare possibility of malignancy should be kept in mind. An adequate histological examination is essential.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Isolation, partial amino acid sequence, and immunohistochemical localization of a brain-specific calcium-binding protein.

A calcium-binding protein (protein 10) having a molecular mass of 29 kDa and an isoelectric point of 5.3 was purified from guinea pig brain. The amino acid sequence of fragments from proteolytic digestion of protein 10 revealed an 86% sequence identity with a calcium-binding protein (calretinin) found in chicken retina. Polyclonal antibodies against protein 10 revealed a specific distribution of this protein within sensory neurons of auditory, visual, olfactory, nociceptive, and gustatory systems as well as other discrete neuronal circuits in rat and guinea pig brain, whereas no specific label was observed in any of several peripheral tissues examined.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Human neurolymphomatosis by adult T-cell leukemia.

We report a case of adult T-cell leukemia presenting with sensorimotor polyneuropathy with persistent severe pain. The patient died without treatment after 4 months. Autopsy showed infiltration of peripheral nerves by leukemia with no involvement of the CNS. This case closely resembles Marek's disease of fowls, a virus-induced T-cell lymphoma associated with neurolymphomatosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of nizatidine, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on gastric acid secretion and various gastric and duodenal lesions in rats: comparison with cimetidine].

We examined the antisecretory and antilesion activities of nizatidine in rats. Male SD or Donryu rats (200-260 g) were used under fasted or fed conditions. Nizatidine, given orally or parenterally (intraperitoneally, subcutaneously or intraduodenally) at 0.3-150 mg/kg, inhibited both basal (pylorus-ligation preparations) and histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion (acute fistula preparations) in a dose-dependent manner. The potency of nizatidine was 2 to 8 times greater than cimetidine when the ED50 values (mg/kg or mu mole/kg) of each agent were compared. The antisecretory activity of nizatidine, given orally, persisted for more than 3.5 hr, but disappeared 6 hr later. Nizatidine, given orally or subcutaneously at 0.3-150 mg/kg, prevented development of gastric lesions induced by water immersion, pylorus ligation (Shay), histamine, aspirin, or indomethacin in a dose-dependent manner. Duodenal ulcers induced by mepirizole were also markedly prevented with nizatidine. The potency of nizatidine on stress lesions or duodenal ulcers was about 20 or 14 times greater than that of cimetidine, respectively. Nizatidine, given orally 3 times a day for 4 weeks, significantly (P less than 0.05) accelerated the healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers which were delayed by prolonged treatment with indomethacin. These results suggest that nizatidine is a useful drug for the treatment of peptic ulcers in man.

Animals↗