KL-6 as a potential new marker for amiodarone-induced pulmonary toxicity.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
H Nagashima
Publications and source records attributed to H Nagashima.
Supercritical fluid extraction for the analysis of pesticide residues in miscellaneous samples.
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) procedures for pesticide residue analysis are reviewed and discussed. A variety of applications were classified, on matrices such as fruits, vegetables, soils, biological tissues, and other materials. Emphasis is placed on analysis of samples with a high water content containing polar pesticides, with particular attention paid to the multiresidue analyses.
Chromatography↗
Clinicoradiologic study of cervical laminoplasty with posterolateral fusion or bone graft.
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of cervical expansive laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy from a clinicoradiologic perspective. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the correlation among sagittal curvature of the cervical spine, cervical range of motion, sagittal plane translation, spinal cord atrophy, and myelopathic symptoms in patients who have undergone laminoplasty. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Laminoplasties were developed to diminish the undesirable effects of laminectomy, which include postoperative kyphotic changes and instability. However, the superiority of laminoplasty over laminectomy remains controversial. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy or ossification of the cervical posterior longitudinal ligament who underwent laminoplasty were radiologically assessed before and after surgery. The index of the sagittal curvature, intervertebral range of motion, listhesis, and the transverse area of the spinal cord at the site of maximal compression were measured to evaluate interrelations among those parameters and myelopathic symptoms. RESULTS: There were no patients with kyphotic curvature before surgery. The postoperative curvature tended to be less lordotic. This tendency did not adversely affect postoperative symptoms. The intervertebral range of motion was significantly decreased except at C1-C2. The final C4-C5 range of motion and the postoperative myelopathic symptoms were negatively correlated. A significant correlation was observed between the postoperative spinal cord atrophy and the final myelopathic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in the lordotic curvature index and the decrease in the intervertebral range of motion after laminoplasty did not cause neurologic deterioration. In the C4-C5 intervertebral segment with a high incidence of listhesis, the restriction of the C4-C5 range of motion improved the clinical myelopathic symptoms. The radiologic prognostic factors were the postoperative restriction of intervertebral range of motion in preoperatively unstable segments and the anatomic reversibility of spinal cord insult.
Aged↗
An adequate treatment for the nipple adenoma.
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Adenoma↗
Solitary brain metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma in a patient with depression: report of a case.
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is a common thyroid malignancy with a relatively good prognosis. However, distant metastases may develop and become threatening, particularly to older patients, in a more aggressive manner. We report herein the clinical, radiological, and pathological findings of a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma who had a solitary cerebral metastasis. The patient had been suffering from depression and had already undergone a hemithyroidectomy for primary thyroid carcinoma, and was known to have metastatic thyroid carcinoma of the lungs and bone. After the removal of the remnant thyroid gland prior to radioiodine (131I) therapy, he developed additional problems related to depression. Electroencephalography played an important role in identifying suspected brain metastasis and computed tomography demonstrated a space-occupying lesion in the left cerebral hemisphere. Consequently, an early removal of intracranial mass could be performed without any further life-threatening complications. Moreover, after removal of the brain mass the patient's depression improved immediately without the use of any antidepressants. This case report indicates the possibility that a patient's depression might be associated with brain metastasis from papillary thyroid carcinoma, and also suggests that an early diagnosis with the appropriate surgical management of a brain metastasis followed by radioiodine therapy could be valuable for achieving a prolonged disease-free period.
Bone Neoplasms↗
Production of transgenic pigs expressing human DAF (CD55) regulated by the porcine MCP gene promoter.
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Animals↗
Risks of surgery for patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
BACKGROUND: With the widespread use of less invasive imaging tools, such as magnetic resonance angiography and computed tomographic angiography, unruptured cerebral aneurysms are found much more often than in the past. This retrospective study was undertaken to determine the risk factors for surgical intervention in a patient with an unruptured intracranial aneurysm. METHODS: Over a 5-year period, 1,558 patients with intracranial aneurysms underwent surgery at our center. Of these, 310 patients (20%) with unruptured aneurysms were included in this study. RESULTS: Out of 310 patients with unruptured aneurysms, 292 (95%) had a favorable outcome, and only one patient (0.3%) with a giant vertebral artery aneurysm died. Aneurysm size larger than 15 mm and location of the aneurysm in the posterior circulation were independent risk factors associated with less favorable outcomes. Patients with a single aneurysm had a better outcome than did patients with multiple aneurysms. CONCLUSION: Our results support the contention that surgical treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms carries a low risk of morbidity and mortality and may improve the outcome in patients harboring cerebral aneurysms by preventing the devastating effects of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Aneurysm size, location, and number were risk predictors for surgical morbidity in patients with unruptured aneurysms.
Age Factors↗
Rectal adenocarcinoma metastatic to the masseter muscle.
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Adenocarcinoma↗
Production of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid by microorganisms accumulated from river water using a two-stage perfusion culture system.
The perfusion culture system using a shaken ceramic membrane flask (SCMF) was employed to accumulate microorganisms separated from river water and to produce poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB). Using a two-step culture method with a single SCMF, river microorganisms were cultured by separately feeding four representative carbon sources, n-propanol, lactic acid, methanol, and formic acid. After 140 h culture, the cell concentration and PHB content respectively reached 43 g/l and 35% when a propanol medium was fed. Using a two-stage perfusion culture with twin SCMFs, the seed cell mass was increased in the first SCMF and then supplied to the second flask for PHB production. As a consequence, the cellular PHB content rose to 51% in the second SCMF, while the cell concentration gradually increased to 25 g/l after 175 h perfusion culture. These results demonstrated the utility of the two-stage perfusion culture system for developing a cheap means of producing PHB coincident with wastewater treatment.
Journal Article↗
Sleep-wake habits of schoolchildren according to grade.
Five hundred and twelve students aged from 6 to 18 years were administered the morningness-eveningness questionnaire and a sleep log. The mean morningness-eveningness score decreased with grade; this decrease was significant around the seventh grade. The habitual waking time showed no difference among grades but the habitual bedtime became later with grade; thus, the sleep length on weekdays decreased with grade. The percentage of students falling asleep during school lessons significantly increased from the eighth to 12th grade. We found that a delay of sleep phase, reduction of sleep length, increased daytime sleep, and transition to evening type occurred at around the seventh grade.
Adolescent↗
Strategic embolisation for successful resection of a large cerebral arteriovenous malformation.
The risks accompanied by the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) are still cumulative despite recent progress in available treatment options. Pre-operative embolisation is one such option, however, it seldom makes the surgical resection difficult. The excessive embolised nidus makes the surgical resection difficult because it cannot be compressed during the resection surgery and embolised nidus as a 'glue ball' with marginal hypervascular territory is most difficult to remove. The aim of pre-operative embolisation for successful surgical resection is to put glue into the marginal part of the nidus so as to make a cleavage between the surrounding normal tissues. Remaining feedings via the dilatated leptomeningeal anastomoses from surrounding normal cortical arteries do not interfere with the resection and can be eliminated easily by coagulating the pia matter around the nidus. Strategic planning with regard to the systemic course of treatment, including the manner of resection, is important for effective pre-operative embolisation.
Adult↗
Transradial approach for selective cerebral angiography: technical note.
Selective cerebral angiography is currently being performed using transfemoral and transbrachial approaches. However, these techniques require patients to tolerate a prolonged focal compression and sometimes cause serious complications such as pulmonary embolism. The authors describe a technique of transradial approach as a safer selective cerebral angiography. Between July 1997 and November 1998, 70 patients underwent selective cerebral angiography with a transradial approach using a 4-F catheter. The collateral blood supply to the hand from the ulnar artery was confirmed using Allen's test prior to the procedure. To prevent the mechanical spasm of the radial artery, an arterial introducer 20 cm long was used. The radial artery was successfully punctured and cannulated in all patients. Selective catheterization of the intended vessels was obtained in over 98% of the carotid angiography and over 95% of the vertebral angiography. No major vascular complications such as cerebral infarction, upper limb ischemia, significant local hematoma or pseudoaneurysm were experienced. The transradial approach is a less invasive and safer technique for selective cerebral angiography, and could be an alternative to transfemoral and transbrachial approaches.
Adolescent↗
Adenosine potentiation of neuromuscular blocking agents in guinea-pigs.
We have investigated the effects of adenosine i.v. on neuromuscular block induced by rocuronium, vecuronium and pipecuronium in an in vivo guinea-pig sciatic nerve-tibialis anterior preparation. The ED50 of each neuromuscular blocker was determined from cumulative log dose-response regression lines (n = 14). In separate experiments, adenosine 0.1 mg kg-1 min-1 or the same volume of 0.9% NaCl was given i.v. via a constant infusion and the ED50 of each neuromuscular blocking agent was then administered (n = 24). Adenosine 0.1 mg kg-1 min-1 increased significantly maximal block induced by the ED50 of these neuromuscular blockers (55-72%, 49-73% and 60-96%, respectively, for rocuronium, vecuronium and pipecuronium; P < 0.05). Time to maximal block after rocuronium was significantly prolonged by adenosine (1.4-2.1 min; P < 0.05) and time to maximal block after vecuronium and pipecuronium was unchanged by adenosine. Time to maximal recovery of twitch tension after administration of the ED50 of all neuromuscular blocking agents was prolonged significantly by adenosine (4.5-10.7 min, 8.2-15.8 min and 47.0-128.7 min, respectively, for rocuronium, vecuronium and pipecuronium; P < 0.05). We conclude that continuous infusion of adenosine 0.1 mg kg-1 min-1 potentiated the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents in this in vivo guinea-pig preparation.
Adenosine↗
Double aneurysms at distal basilar artery: report of nine cases.
OBJECTIVE: Double aneurysms at the basilar bifurcation and the basilar artery-superior cerebellar artery (BA-SCA) junction have not been well investigated previously. We analyzed nine patients with double basilar aneurysms to evaluate their radiological characteristics and suitable treatment. METHODS: Between 1978 and 1999, the incidence of double aneurysms was 5.3% in our 169 consecutive surgical cases of distal BA aneurysms. Seven (77.8%) of the nine patients with double aneurysms had associated aneurysms in the anterior circulation. Open surgery was performed in eight patients and coil embolization in one. The patients' radiological findings, choice of treatment, and surgical results were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: The size of the basilar bifurcation aneurysms ranged from 2 to 8 mm (mean, 4.4+/-2.0 mm), and the size of the BA-SCA aneurysms ranged from 2 to 12 mm (mean, 5.6+/-3.6 mm). Diagnosis of double basilar aneurysms was difficult when the basilar trunk had twisted or when size differences between the two aneurysms were apparent. The angle between the posterior cerebral artery and SCA appeared to be wider on the same side as the BA-SCA aneurysms (101+/-42 degrees) than on the opposite side (26+/-24 degrees). The P1 segment of the posterior cerebral artery originated in an upright direction from the basilar bifurcation between the two basilar aneurysms in seven patients. The pterional approach was used in eight patients; 14 basilar aneurysms were successfully clipped and 2 were wrapped. Nonstraight clips with short blades were used frequently. Coil embolization of double aneurysms was required twice in one patient because the initial angiogram was misinterpreted as a single aneurysm and its bleb. CONCLUSION: Measurement of the posterior cerebral artery-SCA angle is a simple method to estimate the presence of BA-SCA aneurysms and to differentiate double aneurysms from a bilocular aneurysm at the basilar bifurcation. The pterional approach is suitable for clipping double basilar aneurysms because anterior circulation aneurysms often coexist, and the upstanding P1 segment is an obstacle in the subtemporal approach to the basilar bifurcation aneurysm. Nonstraight clips with short blades are convenient to avoid conflicting clips in the narrow surgical space.
Adult↗
Congestive heart failure after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: role of cytokines.
A 32-year-old woman was admitted with the diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF) without organic heart disease after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) for malignant lymphoma. Various cytokines have been reported to be released from stem cells after PBSCT and some have a suppressive effect on myocardial contractility; elevated levels of cytokines have been reported in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and/or CHF patients. In the present case, elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were observed, and there was a parallel relationship between the recovery of cardiac function and the decrease of these cytokines, strongly suggesting that the release of IL-6 and TNF-alpha after PBSCT might have been important in the pathogenesis of the CHF.
Adult↗
Measurement of fatigue in knee flexor and extensor muscles.
In order to examine fatigue of the knee flexor and extensor muscles and to investigate the characteristics of muscular fatigue in different sports, a Cybex machine was used to measure muscle fatigue and recovery during isokinetic knee flexion and extension. Eighteen baseball players, 12 soccer players and 13 marathon runners were studied. Each subject was tested in the sitting position and made to perform 50 consecutive right knee bends and stretches at maximum strength. This was done 3 times with an interval of 10 min between each series. The peak torque to body weight ratio and the fatigue rate were determined in each case. In all subjects, the peak torque to body weight ratio was higher for extensors than flexors. Over the 3 trials, the fatigue rate of extensors showed little change, while that of flexors had a tendency to increase. In each subject, knee extensors showed a high fatigue rate but a quick recovery, while knee flexors showed a low fatigue rate but a slow recovery. As the marathon runners had the smallest fatigue rates for both flexors and extensors, we concluded that marathon runners had more stamina than baseball players and soccer players.
Adolescent↗
Association of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: Serum triglyceride levels are important in the development of atherosclerosis. Although triglyceride levels are generally increased in the postprandial periods, the association between postprandial triglyceride (pTG) levels and atherosclerosis has not been investigated in diabetic patients. To investigate the role of pTG levels in atherosclerosis, we examined the correlation between pTG levels and carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Carotid IMT was measured by ultrasonography in 61 patients with type 2 diabetes. Plasma glucose (PG), insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol levels were measured after overnight fasting and 4 h after a meal. RESULTS: Carotid IMT of the patients with fasting hypertriglyceridemia was greater than that of the patients with normal fasting triglyceride (fTG) levels (0.85+/-0.12 vs. 0.76+/-0.14 mm; P = 0.02). The carotid IMT was increased in the patients with pTG levels >2.27 mmol/l. The normo-normo (NN) and normo-hyper (NH) groups consisted of patients with normal fTG levels but with pTG levels <2.27 and >2.27 mmol/l, respectively. Patients with both hypertriglyceridemia and pTG levels >2.27 mmol/l formed the hyper-hyper (HH) group. Carotid IMT was significantly increased in the NH (0.86+/-0.13 mm) and HH (0.85+/-0.12 mm) groups compared with the NN group (0.73+/-0.13 mm; P<0.01). Although postprandial PG, pTG, and fasting LDL cholesterol levels were all independently correlated with carotid IMT, pTG levels had the strongest statistical influence (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia despite normal fTG levels may be an independent risk factor for early atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes.
Adult↗
Intentional body clipping of wide-necked basilar artery bifurcation aneurysms.
OBJECT: Neck clipping or coil embolization cannot always achieve complete neck obstruction in wide-necked basilar artery (BA) bifurcation aneurysms. Clipping of the aneurysm body, leaving a small aneurysm rest, is one clipping method used for this kind of aneurysm to maintain the patency of the posterior cerebral arteries and perforating vessels. However, the long-term efficacy of intentional body clipping has not been well investigated. The authors reviewed their experience with intentional body clipping of wide-necked BA bifurcation aneurysms to determine suitable clipping techniques and the long-term efficacy of the procedure. METHODS: Complete neck occlusion was abandoned and body clipping intentionally performed in 17 patients with BA bifurcation aneurysms; wrapping of the aneurysm rest was made in seven cases. There were 10 ruptured aneurysms (58.8%), and the size of the aneurysm was larger than 10 mm in 11 patients (64.7%). The width between the clip blades and the base of the aneurysm neck was 1 mm in 11 cases, 2 mm in four, and 3 mm in two. Favorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale [GOS] Score 4 or 5) was obtained in 13 cases (76.5%) and unfavorable outcome (GOS Scores 1-3) in four cases (23.5%). Major causes of unfavorable outcome included injury to perforating arteries and major vessel occlusion following surgical manipulation, in addition to the primary damage caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subarachnoid hemorrhage did not occur during a mean follow-up period of 7.4+/-5.6 years (range 0.7-18.1 years) after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Intentional body clipping of wide-necked BA aneurysms proved to be effective to prevent subarachnoid hemorrhage, although injury to perforating arteries remains problematic. The choice of complete neck clipping or body clipping should be established early during the microsurgical procedure to reduce the risk of injury to perforating vessels.
Adult↗