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Biomedical subjects

H Muto

Publications and source records attributed to H Muto.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Simultaneous multielemental analysis of daily food samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Several toxic elements in total composite food samples of hospital diets were determined simultaneously by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Trace element concentrations of Be, Cr, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ce, Hg and Pb changed widely ranging from a few ng.g-1 to less than 3 micrograms.g-1 in all 24 samples collected through a year. Be, Sn, and Hg were not detected in rice sample alone, and other trace elements, with the exception of Cr and As, were less than approximately 50% levels, as compared with mixed diet samples. The daily intakes of these toxic elements were in the ranges of a few to several hundreds of micrograms.

Food Analysis↗
PubMed1994

[A case of Churg-Strauss syndrome associated with severe leg pain and necrotizing skin lesions].

A 68-year-old woman with bronchial asthma and a history of drug hypersensitivity came to our hospital because of severe pain, swelling, and ecchymoses in the lower extremity. The eosinophil count was 53.5%, therefore Churg-Strauss syndrome was diagnosed and she was given prednisolone (PSL) (30 mg/day). A skin specimen taken the next day showed tissue eosinophilia, acute and subacute necrotizing vasculitis. Immunofluorescence staining showed IgG in the blood vessels. After one month of PSL, biopsy specimens of muscle fiber revealed atrophy of type IIb fibers, and myxomatous degeneration of neuron-fibers. Eosinophilia decreased rapidly after administration of PSL, but the necrotizing lesions of the skin, muscle, and nerve were so severe that she needed orthopedic shoes.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[Effectiveness of thrice-weekly injection of romurutide for prophylaxis of leukocytopenia during radiation therapy].

The effectiveness of thrice-weekly injection of Romurutide for leukocytopenia due to radiation therapy was analyzed. Twenty-two patients were randomly divided into two groups. Ten of group A cases were injected 3 times per week 10 times (3 weeks) and 12 of group B cases were injected 5 times per week 10 times (2 weeks). White blood cell counts and neutrophil numbers in group A were almost the same as in group B at day-3 and day-8, and those in group A were more than in group B at day-15 and day-22, although there were no statistical significances. Lymphocyte percentages, monocyte percentages and platelet cell counts between groups showed no differences. Injections were stopped in 3 cases due to fever (2 in group A, 1 in group B). The effects were recognized in nineteen cases (excluding above 3 cases). The effect of this thrice-weekly injection method during the injection period was the same or more than with 5 injections/week, and the period of the former was 50% longer. The 3 weekly injection method is more effective for prophylaxis of leukocytopenia.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1994

[A case variant asthma with acetylcholine inhalation challenge test].

A 55-year-old male presented with a chief complaint of exertional dyspnea. He had a daughter suffering with bronchial asthma. He had no pertinent past history. He visited the outpatient clinic of a nearby hospital for evaluation of exertional dyspnea, but routine examination results were normal. He was therefore followed up for only about two weeks without treatment. He was sent to our hospital for further analysis. Physical examination revealed clear lung fields but his respiratory rate was 34 per a minute, PaO2 72.9 mmHg and PaCO2 39.7 mmHg. Respiratory function tests, chest XP, chest CT and ECG findings were unremarkable. Pulmonary infarction was ruled out with a pulmonary perfusion scintigram. However, he was hyperreactive to the acetylcholine inhalation challenge test, the respiratory threshold being 625 micrograms/ml. A variant form of bronchial asthma was thus suspected and a bronchodilator was administered. The medication was very effective. After several weeks, his symptoms had clearly disappeared. Therefore, in a case complaining of exertional dyspnea only, bronchial asthma should be ruled out as a possible cause and the acetylcholine inhalation challenge test might be helpful in making the correct diagnosis. Bronchodilator administration should also be considered.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1994

[A case of suspected occupational asthma in an orthopedist, due to cast materials containing MDI].

A 38-year-old male presented complaining of an asthma attack. He had a past history of allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, family history of bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis. He was an orthopedist who had been using cast materials containing methylene diphenyl isocyanate (MDI) for one year, and had developed an early asthmatic response while handling the casts. An acetylcholine inhalation test was done and his value was 20000 micrograms/ml. The scratch test for the cast materials was negative though the inhalation challenge test was positive. We suspected that the patient was suffering from bronchial asthma induced by MDI contained in the cast materials. Studies using isocyanates conjugated with human serum albumin were performed. The results were as follows: IgE-RAST negative, ELISA demonstrated the existence of specific IgG for both toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and MDI, as well as IgG4 for both TDI and MDI. The cast contained MDI but not TDI. We therefore considered TDI to be cross-reactant. It was likely that chronic exposure enhancing specific IgG4 and specific IgG might have caused the high IgG4 value. This is the first case of occupational asthma in an orthopedist due to isocyanates.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effects of ammonium ion and ammonia on function and morphology of in vitro frog gastric mucosa.

The effects of ammonium ion (NH+4) and ammonia (NH3) on function and morphology of gastric epithelial cells were studied in intact sheets of in vitro frog (Rana catesbeiana) gastric mucosa. Luminal 115 mM NH4Cl at luminal pH 8.0 (calculated [NH3] 2.7 mM), but not at 5.0 (calculated [NH3] 3 microM) induced 1) an increase in intracellular pH (pHi) in oxynticopeptic cells (OPC) and decreases in transmucosal potential difference (PD) and electrical resistance (R) in resting tissues, 2) a decrease in histamine-stimulated H+ secretion and an increase in H+ backdiffusion after removal of luminal NH4Cl, and 3) augmented acidification of OPC during luminal acidification. Serosal 30 mM NH4Cl at serosal pH 7.2 (calculated [NH3] 0.47 mM) induced 1) an increase in pHi in OPC and inhibition of the alkalinization of OPC after removal of ambient Cl-, 2) a decrease in PD associated with the increase in R and decrease in short-circuit current, effects attenuated by serosal 15 mM K+, accentuated by 0.2 mM Ba2+, and abolished by removal of ambient Cl-, 3) a sudden drop of PD in resting, but not in stimulated tissues, effects prevented by high serosal pH (7.8), serosal HCO3-, or removal of luminal Cl-, 4) a decrease in histamine-stimulated H+ secretion and an increase in H+ backdiffusion after removal of NH4Cl, and 5) augmented acidification of OPC during luminal acidification. These results suggest that 1) luminal NH3, but not NH+4, increases backdiffusion of H+ from the lumen to the mucosa, 2) serosal NH3 and/or NH+4 induces depolarization of OPC and decreases electrogenic Cl- transport, thereby attenuating the activity of the basolateral Cl(-)-HCO3- exchanger in OPC, and 3) both of these effects contribute to the augmented acidification of OPC during exposure to high luminal [H+].

Ammonia↗
PubMed1993

[Digestion method for detection of ferruginous bodies in human tissues from autopsy cases].

We compared three sodium hypochlorite digestion methods and two potassium hydroxide digestion methods for detection of ferruginous bodies in human tissues. The following results were obtained. 1. Methods using sodium hypochlorite were effective for digestion of lung tissue samples, but only in part for greater omentum tissue samples. The potassium hydroxide digestion method worked well for preparation of lung and greater omentum tissue samples. 2. Results obtained by the different digestion methods were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test. No significant difference was detected in concentrations of ferruginous bodies and naked fibers in samples of lung, and tumor and normal tissues of the greater omentum among the digestion methods. 3. A more simplified procedure for sample processing with potassium hydroxide digestion was recommended for detection of ferruginous bodies in human tissues.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Concentration and form of asbestos fibers in tap drinking water contaminated from a water supply pipe with asbestos-cement].

The identification and concentration of asbestos fibers in tap drinking water supplied in a central area of Akita Prefecture, Japan, were determined by phase-contrast microscopy and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalyzer. The following results were obtained. 1. Asbestos fibers were found in the tap water from two areas in which an asbestos-cement pipe was used for public water supply. The concentrations of asbestos fibers in the tap water were 2.7 x 10(4) to 27.0 x 10(4) fibers per liter of water in area A and 10.0 x 10(4) to 21.0 x 10(4) in area B. On the other hand, no asbestos fiber contamination was observed in tap water of area C, which shared a common water source with area A. A vinyl chloride pipe was used over the entire length of the water supply in route C. 2. Crocidolite was the predominant type of asbestos fiber detected in the tap water. Chrysotile and a mixture of chrysotile and amosite were also observed. 3. Almost all asbestos fibers detected in the tap water possessed the form of thick or sheaved fibers with lengths ranging from ca. 5 to 10 microns. Their shapes were very different from those of asbestos fibers found in the atmosphere. The typical form of the latter is short (ca. 1 micron in length) and needle-like. 4. It was suggested that the contamination of asbestos fibers in the tap water was caused by erosion and peeling off of the inner wall of the asbestos-cement pipe used as a conduit. In order to evaluate the safety of drinking water in Japan, an extensive survey on asbestos-fiber contamination in tap water is necessary.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1992

Studies on single-dose toxicity of hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in rats.

Single-dose toxicological studies of hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HM-HPMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose modified with stearylglycidylether) were conducted. A dispersion of HM-HPMC was administered to rats orally or by dermal application at doses up to 900 mg/kg. After the oral administration, the mean body weight of the 900 mg/kg group on the first day after administration was slightly but significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than that of the control group, and one rat had loose stools at 30 min. after the administration. No other abnormalities were noted. In the case of dermal application, no abnormalities were observed. No rats died, and no abnormalities in their organs were found by either route. In conclusion, there was no observed toxicity of HM-HMPC after oral or dermal administration at single dose up to 900 mg/kg under the conditions of these studies.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Primary dermal and eye irritability tests of hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in rabbits.

Primary dermal and eye irritation tests of hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HM-HPMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose modified with stearylglycidylether), a new cellulose derivative used as a thickener for topical pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, were conducted in rabbits. A dispersion of HM-HPMC (3%) was applied to intact and abraded skins and reactions were observed. A very slight erythema was observed in both skins and this polymer was categorized as a "mild irritant". In the eye irritation test, with a dispersion of the same concentration, it was categorized as "marginal" in unrinsed eyes and "negative" in rinsed eyes.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1991

The tissue distribution of 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins in humans who died of cancer.

The tissue distribution of 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins was conducted in 11 patients who died of cancer. The concentration of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (octa-CDD) was the highest in each organ and tissue and hepta-CDD was also found at relatively high levels, second only to OCDD. The levels of 1,2,3, 7,8-penta-CDD and 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexa-CDD in the spleen were the highest, respectively. 2,3,7,8-Tetra-CDD was also detected and its concentration was the highest in the gonad (0.8-3.2 pg/g-range). From the 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalent calculations, the highest equivalent value was obtained from a 54-year-old female who died of cancerous goiter. This individual had the highest concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted penta- and hexa-CDDs among the 11 patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from chemical manufacturers and waste disposal facilities.

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were measured in various source and environmental samples obtained from eight chemical manufacturers producing agricultural chemicals, synthetic dye, or resin and eight chemical waste disposal facilities. The concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs ranged from 3.0 to 3504 ng/g for PCDDs and from 1.2 to 1668 ng/g for PCDFs in fly ash. Their concentrations in emission were in the ranges of 21.8 to 3205 ng/m3 for PCDDs and not detected to 4344 ng/m3 for PCDFs. PCDD and PCDF concentrations were higher in fly and bottom ashes and in emissions from two manufacturers that incinerate waste plastics than in those from other manufacturers. For emission and liquid samples from the manufacturers. For emission and liquid samples from the manufacturers of agricultural chemicals, significantly high concentrations of tetra-CDDs were detected. Furthermore, the high concentrations of PCDFs, especially hepta- and octa-CDF congeners, existed in emissions from waste incinerators that manufacture rubber. Among manufacturers and disposal facilities, the total emission equivalent (2.94 ng/m3) of PCDDs and PCDFs was highest for a certain manufacturer of agricultural chemicals, showing that more 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted PCDDs and PCDFs were present in their emissions.

Benzofurans↗