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Biomedical subjects

H Murata

Publications and source records attributed to H Murata.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Use of purified beta-tricalcium phosphate for filling defects after curettage of benign bone tumours.

Fifty-three patients with benign bone tumours were treated with curettage and filling with a purified beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP). Recurrences occurred in two cases. There was neither a postoperative infection nor adverse reaction due to the material. Postoperative fractures did not occur in any patients. Radiographically, complete resorption of the material and bone remodelling were achieved in 23 cases (43%). Of these 23 cases, there was a statistical correlation between the filling volume and the time taken for complete resorption (p<0.05). We concluded that purified beta-TCP was an ideal bone graft substitute for the treatment of benign bone tumours because of its good biocompatibility and resorption characteristics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Chronic obesity lymphoedematous mucinosis: three cases of pretibial mucinosis in obese patients with pitting oedema.

Pretibial mucin deposition on the shins is known as pretibial myxoedema. We report three patients with pretibial mucinosis without thyroid disease. The patients were characterized clinically by morbid obesity and bilateral lower extremity pitting oedema with gradual and painless onset, and that did not involve the feet and ankles. Vesicles, semitranslucent papules or a woody plaque were found on the shins. Histologically, patients showed characteristic features of epidermal atrophy with effacement of the rete ridge pattern, separation of collagen bundles associated with oedema with stellate to linear fibroblasts, upward-running increased capillary and small vessels with haemosiderin deposition, and mucin deposition at the superficial papillary dermis and around the vessels. We propose that the present cases of 'chronic obesity lymphoedematous mucinosis' belong to the clinical entity of pretibial mucinosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Effects of intra-coronary and intra-graft administration of nicorandil for coronary spasm after coronary artery bypass grafting].

Coronary artery spasm after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is relatively rare, but when it occurs, it is fatal. In cases of circulatory collapse just after surgery, coronary spasm should be suspected, and immediate diagnosis by coronary angiography is necessary. We conducted a study to assess the clinical characteristics of coronary spasm after CABG and the usefulness of intra-coronary and intra-graft administration of nicorandil. Study subjects were 7 patients (6 men and 1 woman, mean age 60.4 years) in whom coronary spasm after CABG was diagnosed angiographically from January 1992 to December 2003. Off-pump CABG (OPCAB) had been performed in 2 patients. Despite continuous administration of nitroglycerin and diltiazem hydrochloride during surgery, sudden circulatory collapse occurred during surgery or within 24 hours after CABG in all 7 patients. All required mechanical circulatory support, and emergency coronary angiography revealed severe graft and native coronary spasms. Intracoronary and/or intra-graft administration of diltiazem hydrochloride or nitroglycerin was not very effective, however, administration of nicorandil was effective for vasodilatation. One patient suffered brain damage and died, but the other 6 patients recovered and were discharged without complication. In conclusion, intra-coronary and/or intra-graft administration of nicorandil appears to be useful for the treatment of coronary spasm after CABG.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Viscoelasticity of dental tissue conditioners during the sol-gel transition.

Formation of tissue conditioners is a process of polymer chain entanglements. This study evaluated the influence of composition and structure on dynamic viscoelasticity of concentrated polymer solutions based on poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) used as tissue conditioners through the sol-gel transition. The hypothesis was that the ethanol content is the most influential factor in determining gelation speed. Rheological parameters were determined with the use of a controlled-stress rheometer. Analysis of variance by orthogonal array L(16)(4(5)) indicated that the strong polar bonding of ethanol (contribution ratio rho = 53.8%; confirming the hypothesis) and molecular weight of polymer powders (rho = 26.7%) had a greater influence on the gelation times of PEMA-based systems than did the molar volume of plasticizers (rho = 9.0%) and concentration of polymers (i.e., powder/liquid ratio) (rho = 4.5%). The results suggest that the gelation of tissue conditioners based on PEMA can be controlled over a wide range by varying the polymer molecular weight, and especially ethanol content.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Histopathological features of murine systemic vasculitis caused by Candida albicans extract--an animal model of Kawasaki disease.

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: We examined the histopathological features of systemic vasculitis caused in mice by injection of a Candida albicans ( C. albicans) extract and investigated the principal genetic roles in the development of vasculitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C. albicans extract was injected intraperitoneally for five consecutive days in the 1st and 5th weeks to CD-1, C57BL/6N, C3H/HeN, BALB/cAnN, DBA/2N and CBA/JN mice. At week 8, mice were killed, and histological examination was performed by light microscopy. RESULTS: Arteritis had developed in 66% of CD-1 mice. The extramural coronary arteries and aortic root close to the orifice of coronary arteries were most frequently involved. Histologically, the characteristic feature of the arteritis was proliferative and granulomatous inflammation accompanied by numerous macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils. Fibrocellular intimal thickening with destruction of the internal elastic lamina and media was also observed. Five mouse strains after injection of C. albicans extract were clearly classified into a resistant group (CBA/JN, DBA/2N and BALB/cAnN mice) and a sensitive group (C3H/HeN and C57BL/6N mice). The inbred mouse strains which showed the same histocompatibility-2 (H-2) haplotype exhibited a different susceptibility to development of vasculitis. CONCLUSION: This arteritis murine model shows unique histological features that have not been observed in other animal vasculitis models and it most closely resembles Kawasaki disease in humans. The genetic control of susceptibility to induction of vasculitis by the C. albicans extract is dependent to the mouse strains, but is not linked to the H-2 loci.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

The herbal medicine Rikkunshi-to stimulates and coordinates the gastric myoelectric activity in post-operative dyspeptic children after gastrointestinal surgery.

Rikkunshi-to (TJ-43), a gastroprotective herbal medicine, has been used for the symptomatic relief of adult patients with dyspepsia. However, its mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of TJ-43 on the gastric myoelectric activity in post-operative dyspeptic patients, whose symptoms persisted for over 1 year after gastrointestinal surgery. Electrogastrography (EGG) recordings were performed to calculate the biomechanical parameters on the dominant peak frequency (DPF). Eight pediatric patients with dyspeptic symptoms after gastrointestinal surgery were examined and six age-matched children without any dyspeptic symptoms were used as controls, and they were compared with nine age-matched children without any dyspeptic symptoms after gastrointestinal surgery as subcontrols. All patients exhibited symptomatic relief after the administration of TJ-43, and the mean symptom score decreased significantly after the treatment of TJ-43 over a 1-month period ( P<0.0001). The variability index (VI) and the percentage of normal waves (PNW) were calculated as irregularity parameters of DPF. The power ratio (PR) was calculated as a parameter of the gastric contractile activity. There were no significant differences in the VI and PNW between the controls and patients during the postprandial state after therapy, even though significant differences existed regarding those parameters between the controls and patients before the therapy. There were no significant differences in the DPF, VI, and PNW between the controls and subcontrols. Furthermore, PR exhibited a significant increase after therapy ( P<0.05). However, there was a significant difference in the PR between the controls and subcontrols ( P<0.05). Postprandial dip was observed in all control subjects, eight patients in the subcontrols, and two patients after administration of TJ-43, respectively. An abnormal gastric electrical activity therefore seems to be an important factor in the pathophysiology of post-operative dyspeptic children. The coordinating and stimulating effect of TJ-43 on the gastric myoelectric activity therefore seems to play an important role in the reduction of dyspeptic symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Current research on acute phase proteins in veterinary diagnosis: an overview.

The acute phase proteins (APP) are a group of blood proteins that contribute to restoring homeostasis and limiting microbial growth in an antibody-independent manner in animals subjected to infection, inflammation, surgical trauma or stress. In the last two decades, many advances have been made in monitoring APP in both farm and companion animals for clinical and experimental purposes. Also, the mechanism of the APP response is receiving attention in veterinary science in connection with the innate immune systems of animals. This review describes the results of recent research on animal APP, with special reference to their induction and regulatory mechanisms, their biological functions, and their current and future applications to veterinary diagnosis and animal production.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed2004

Helicobacter bilis infection in biliary tract cancer.

BACKGROUND: Biliary tract cancer is a highly fatal disease with poor prognosis, but the aetiology is poorly understood. AIM: We aimed to identify Helicobacter bilis infection in the gallbladder in patients with biliary tract disease. METHODS: Archival gallbladder specimens from 34 patients (14 males and 20 females) with an average age of 61.4 +/- 12.2 years (mean +/- SE) were retrieved, consisting of 11 cases of gallbladder cancer, three of bile duct cancer, 16 of cholecystolithiasis and four of pancreatic cancer. DNA was extracted and nested PCR using primers specific for 16S rRNA of H. bilis was performed. RESULTS: Amplification was observed in 3 of 11 gallbladder cancer cases (27.2%) and one of three cases with biliary duct cancer (33.3%). In total, four of 14 cases with biliary tract cancer were positive for H. bilis (28.6%). In addition, the presence of H. bilis was shown in two of 16 cases (12.5%) with cholecystolithiasis. Notably, although the number of cases examined was small, none of the four cases with pancreatic cancer showed the presence of H. bilis infection in the gallbladder without apparent abnormalities. CONCLUSION: H. bilis infection may play a role in biliary tract disease, particularly in biliary tract cancer.

Biliary Tract Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Physical properties and compatibility with dental stones of current alginate impression materials.

This study examined physical properties and compatibility with dental stones of two types of alginate impression materials. Five powder-type alginate impression materials (Alginoplast EM, Aroma Fine, Algiace Z, Coe Alginate, Jeltrate Plus) and a paste-type alginate impression material (Tokuso AP-1) were used. The dynamic viscosity immediately after mixing was measured by means of a controlled-stress rheometer. The gelation times were determined according to Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) T6505, and recovery from deformation, strain in compression and compressive strength were determined according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) specification 1563. Detail reproduction and surface roughness of type III dental stones (New Plastone, New Sunstone) and a type IV dental stone (Die Stone) were evaluated using a ruled test block as specified in the ISO specification 1563 and a profilometer, respectively. The alginate impression materials evaluated in this study were all in compliance with the ISO specification 1563 and JIS T6505. The alginate impression materials had similar mechanical properties after gelation, whilst a wide range of dynamic viscosity immediately after being mixed, gelation times and compatibility with dental stones were found among the materials. The paste-type material had a higher dynamic viscosity and a shorter gelation time than the powder-type materials. The best surface quality was obtained with the paste-type material/type III dental stone cast combinations. The materials should be selected in consideration of initial flow, setting characteristics and compatibility with dental stones. The results suggested that a paste-type material would better meet the requirements of an alginate impression material.

Alginates↗
PubMed2003

Reduced expression of actin-binding proteins, h-caldesmon and calponin h1, in the vascular smooth muscle inside melanoma lesions: an adverse prognostic factor for malignant melanoma.

BACKGROUND: The structural integrity of the blood vessels such as small arteries and veins is studied less frequently in malignant tumours than is angiogenesis. Objectives To clarify the characteristics of small arteries and small veins of melanoma lesions. METHODS: We immunohistochemically investigated various types of melanocytic tumours using antibodies specific for endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, and analysed the relationship between the expression of these molecules in the blood vessels and the biological characteristics of the tumours. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of 15 cases of benign melanocytic tumours and 64 cases of malignant melanomas were investigated. RESULTS: Significant suppression of expression of h-caldesmon (h-CD) and calponin h1 (CNh1) was observed in the blood vessels of malignant melanomas compared with both benign melanocytic tumours and normal tissues. In particular, the level of h-CD expression was inversely correlated with the frequency of metastasis and positively correlated with the survival rate in patients with malignant melanoma. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that alterations of the tumour vessels are an important factor for the prognosis of malignant melanoma, and that suppression of h-CD and CNh1 in the blood vessels in malignant melanoma reflects a structural fragility of the vessels, leading to their easy penetration by tumour cells. Defective expression of these molecules is likely to be an important marker for metastatic potential and for poor prognosis of melanoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Changes in surface roughness and colour stability of soft denture lining materials caused by denture cleansers.

Soft denture lining materials were immersed into solutions of denture cleansers for 8 h at room temperature, and immersed into distilled water for the remainder of the 24-h period at 37 degrees C. Surface roughness of the soft denture lining materials was measured by contact type surface roughness instrument. For the colour stability test, soft denture lining materials were immersed in the denture cleansers as described above for 180 days. Finally, the colour changes of each material were quantitatively measured by a photometrical instrument to obtain the colour differences between newly processed specimen and immersed specimens (P < 0.01). An autopolymerizing silicone material, Evatouch, exhibited severe changes in surface roughness by all denture cleanser, and the generic material GC Denture Relining showed the minimal changes. Severe colour changes were also observed with some liner and cleanser combinations (P < 0.01). Except for Evatouth, the four silicone soft liners were more stable in surface roughness and in colour change than the two acrylic soft liners. One autopolymerizing silicone (GC denture relining) and one heat curing silicone (Molloplast B) demonstrated the best stability.

Color↗
PubMed2003

Dynamic shear properties of the temporomandibular joint disc.

Shear stress might be an important factor associated with fatigue failure and damage of the temporomandibular joint disc. Little information, however, is available on the dynamic behavior of the disc in shear. Since the disc is an anisotropic and viscoelastic structure, in the present study the dependency of the dynamic shear behavior on the direction and frequency of loading was examined. Ten porcine discs were used for dynamic shear tests. Shear stress was applied in both anteroposterior (A-P test) and mediolateral (M-L test) directions. The dynamic moduli increased as the loading frequency increased. The dynamic elasticity was significantly larger in the A-P test than in the M-L test, although the dynamic viscosity was similar in both tests. The present results suggest that non-linearities, compression/shear coupling, and intrinsic viscoelasticity affect the shear material behavior of the disc, which might have important implications for the transmission of load in the temporomandibular joint.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Structure-activity relationships among zearalenone and its derivatives based on bovine neutrophil chemiluminescence.

We compared the effects of zearalenone (ZEN), an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi, and its derivatives--a- and b-zearalenols (Zel), zearalanone (ZAN), and a- and b-zearalanols (Zal)--on bovine neutrophils in vitro by using chemiluminescence, a bactericidal parameter. ZEN, a-Zel, and b-Zel suppressed luminol-dependent, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-elicited chemiluminescence at a concentration of 10(-5) M, whereas ZAN, a-Zal and b-Zal did not. The suppressive zearalenols are derived from ZEN through reduction of the C6'-ketone into hydroxide, whereas the non-suppressive ZAN and Zal group possesses a hydrogenated C1'-2' bond in place of the double bond adopted in the macrolide ring or ZEN and the zearalenols. In consideration of these structure-activity relationships among ZEN and its derivatives, we conclude that possession of the C1'-2' double bond is essential for zearalenones to induce neutrophil suppression.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Detection of Cry1Ab protein in gastrointestinal contents but not visceral organs of genetically modified Bt11-fed calves.

The fate of insecticidal Cry1Ab protein was examined in the gastrointestinal (GI) contents and visceral organs of calves fed insect-resistant genetically modified maize Bt11. Twelve cross-breed (Japanese black x Holstein) calves were fed either Bt11 or non-genetically modified isoline maize for 90 d. Peripheral blood, rumen juice and feces were collected fortnightly, and GI contents and visceral organs were collected at slaughter at the end of the experiment. Samples were checked for Cry1Ab protein by immunological methods, and visceral organs were examined pathologically. Trace amounts of Cry1Ab protein were detected in the GI contents but not in the liver, spleen, kidney, muscle or mesenteric lymph nodes. No lesions were observed pathologically. Cry1Ab protein in the feces was degraded quickly at atmospheric temperature. These results suggested that only a trace amount of Cry1Ab protein survived passage through the GI tract but was not transferred to liver, spleen, kidney, lymph nodes or muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Ruptured aortic arch aneurysm with hemorrhagic cardiac tamponade: report of a case].

A 67-year-old female was sent into our hospital for ruptured thoracic aneurysm with hemorrhagic cardiac tamponade. Computed tomography (CT) showed pericardial effusion and ruptured aortic arch aneurysm. We performed urgent graft replacement of the aortic arch using selective cerebral perfusion under mild hypothermia. Postoperative course was uneventful.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Regulation of haptoglobin secretion by recombinant bovine cytokines in primary cultured bovine hepatocytes.

We examined the regulation of haptoglobin (Hp) secretion in primary cultured bovine hepatocytes using recombinant bovine (rb) proinflammatory cytokines. The concentrations of Hp in the supernatant of cultured hepatocytes after incubation with rb interleukin (IL)-6, rb tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, rbIL-1 beta or rbIFN-gamma alone or with combinations of two of these cytokines were measured by ELISA. The rbIL-6, rbTNF-alpha and rbIL-1 beta increased Hp synthesis, but rbIFN-gamma did not, and rbIL-6 was the most effective Hp inducer among these cytokines. The Hp secretion was accelerated synergistically by combined treatment with rbIL-6 and rbTNF-alpha, whereas it remained unchanged with a combination of rbIL-6 and rbIL-1 beta. In contrast, the combination of rbIL-6 and rbIFN-gamma downregulated Hp secretion. In conclusion, IL-6 is the principal cytokine in Hp secretion in bovine hepatocytes in vitro, and its activity may be regulated by other cytokines.

Albumins↗
PubMed2002

Conserved CDR 3 region of T cell receptor BV gene in lymphocytes from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an inflammatory lung disease characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells and deposition of collagen, resulting in lung remodelling. High numbers of T cells are present in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of IPF patients, although the characteristics of these cells are yet to be determined. To elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of IPF, we analysed the T cell receptor (TCR) of BALF lymphocytes in three patients with IPF and three healthy subjects as control. TCR repertoire of BALF lymphocytes and T cell clonality were examined by family PCR and Southern blot analysis, and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), respectively. We observed that the TCR repertoire in the lung was heterogeneous, both in the control subjects and three patients with IPF. SSCP analysis demonstrated an increase in the number of accumulated T cell clones in BALF of two of the three patients, but not in the healthy subject. Furthermore, junctional sequence analysis showed the presence of conserved amino acid motifs (ETGRSG, LAxG, QGQ, GxQP, GRxG, VAR, PGT, GTI, GGT, TGR, LxLxQ, SGQ) in the TCR-CDR 3 region of BAL lymphocytes in patients with IPF, whereas only two amino acid motifs (VTTG, GGE) were found in the control. Our findings suggest that T cells in BALF of patients with IPF expand oligoclonally in the lung, suggesting antigen stimulation of these cells.

Adult↗