Shunt nephritis associated with Propionibacterium acnes with demonstration of the antigen in the glomeruli.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
H Mullink
Publications and source records attributed to H Mullink.
Differential capacity of macrophages from various sources to act as hapten-specific stimulator cells in vitro.
Lymphocytes from 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, contact sensitized guinea pigs show increased DNA synthesis in vitro when stimulated by dinitrophenylated macrophages. In this study, macrophage-containing cell suspensions were isolated from various sources (spleen, lungs, peritoneal cavity) and from the peritoneal cavity also after different stimuli (oil, thioglycollate, starch, lymphokines). These cells were then haptenized and investigated on their capacity to act as stimulator cells in vitro. In addition, a possible relationship between Ia-positivity of the hapten-presenting cell suspensions and the induction of DNA synthesis was studied. The results demonstrate (1) that the hapten-presenting capacity of macrophages differs with respect to the source and the way of elicitation, (2) that oil-induced peritoneal exudate cells are the most suitable stimulator cells for in vitro assays in contact sensitivity, and (3) that the cellular expression of Ia antigens is in itself no warrant for hapten-presenting capacity.
Animals↗
Accumulation of T cells and local anti-PPD antibody production in lymphokine-mediated chronic peritoneal inflammation in the guinea pig.
The role of lymphokines in chornic peritoneal inflammation in the guinea pig has been investigated. A model of chronic inflammation was used in which a large intraperitoneal accumulation of macrophages and lymphocytes occurred, following repeated local injection of PPD into FCA-immunised animals. Activity attributable to the lymphokine, MIF could be demonstrated in chronic peritoneal exudate fractions even after several weeks of continuous stimulation. Characterisation of the lymphoid infiltrates revealed a large predominance of T cells. Very high percentages but low absolute numbers of T lymphocytes were also found in chronic peritoneal exudates of non-preimmunised, continuously stimulated guinea pigs. Ectopic lymphoid foci were found only in the peritoneal lining tissue of the preimmunised animals and were shown to contain many anti-PPD antibody producing cells. These lymphoid foci may have been induced by the continuous local generation of lymphokines. Their presence suggests that significant local, specific antibody production is particularly likely to occur in chornic inflammation with a delayed hypersensitivity component.
Animals↗
Influence of anti-inflammatory drugs on the interaction of lymphocytes and macrophages.
The helper function of macrophages in lymphocyte stimulation is well known, but there are indications that macrophages may also exert a suppressor effect on lymphocytes. This effect might be due to prostaglandins secreted by the macrophages. In order to test this hypothesis anti-inflammatory drugs, some of which are known inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, were added to a series of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocyte cultures containing different proportions of macrophages and lymphocytes. The experiments showed that high concentrations of all drugs were inhibitory. Moderate concentrations of some of the PG-synthesis-inhibiting drugs (like indomethacin and mefenamic acid), however, appeared to have a stimulatory effect. The stimulation was more pronounced in cultures containing a high proportion of macrophages. These results support the assumption that macrophages release prostaglandins, which suppress PHA-induced lymphocyte proliferation.
Animals↗
A study of cells present in peripheral lymph of pigs with special reference to a type of cell resembling the Langerhans cell.
Large mononuclear cells with long, actively moving cytoplasmic veils were observed in lymph coming from the skin. The enzyme histochemistry and ultrastructure of these cells suggested that they are related to epidermal Langerhans cells and interdigitating cells in the lymph node. It has been reported that Langerhans cells and interdigitating cells play a role in contact hypersensitivity by taking up antigen and presenting it to thymus-dependent lymphocytes, and it is likely that the veiled cells in the lymph are also involved. After skin-painting with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB), the veiled cells in lymph coming from the site of painting became more active and were observed contacting other cells present in the lymph; many large cellular aggregates were found. Since neutrophilic leucocytes and mononuclear phagocytes were the predominating cell types in this lymph, there was no evidence for a massive recruitment of immunocompetent lymphocytes at the site of painting. Neonatally thymectomized pigs do not develop allergic reactivity to DNFB. It is of interest that the number of veiled cells and their ability to form large cellular aggregates was not affected in these animals. Therefore, it is unlikely that the defect in responsiveness can be attributed to a failure in the function of veiled cells.
Acid Phosphatase↗
A simple cytochemical method for distinguishing EAC rosettes formed by lymphocytes and monocytes.
A simple cytochemical method for EAC rosettes in suspension is described which allows an easy distinction between rosettes formed by lymphocytes and monocytes. The method is based on the fact that monocytes, in contrast to lymphocytes, possess a specific cytoplasmic esterase.
Esterases↗
Simultaneous enumeration of T-cell subsets and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids by immunoenzyme double staining. Comparison with conventional immunofluorescence.
Bronchoalveolar lavage is a common research and clinical tool for the retrieval of cells from the lower respiratory tract. In addition to conventional morphologic study of these cells, the subtyping of T lymphocytes is often important for reaching a diagnosis of a disease or assessing its activity; subtyping is usually done by a standard immunofluorescence assay on cell suspensions requiring about 5 X 10(5) cells. Since the number of leukocytes in the lavage fluid from many patients is too small to obtain reliable information by this assay, a double immunoenzyme staining of T-lymphocyte subtypes on Cytospin preparations was utilized. This method, which requires a small number of cells, was compared with the standard immunofluorescence assay for the identification and quantitation of lymphocyte subtypes in the lavage fluids of patients with different disorders. Although the immunoenzyme double staining assay is somewhat more laborious, it provides important advantages: (1) simultaneous observation of two lymphocyte subsets and macrophages on the same slide; (2) a considerably smaller number of cells (2 X 10(4) instead of 5 X 10(5] is necessary; (3) the availability of permanent preparations; (4) the possibility of storing the Cytospin slides before staining; and (5) conventional light microscopy can be used. Since the reliability of both techniques appeared to be the same, the double staining assay for routine usage with bronchoalveolar lavage fluids appears to be preferable.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗