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Biomedical subjects

H Moseley

Publications and source records attributed to H Moseley.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Photochemotherapy. A reappraisal of its use in dermatology.

Oral psoralen photochemotherapy was introduced for the treatment of psoriasis in the mid-1970s. Since then it has become an established technique, generally giving good clearance rates of affected areas, and its usefulness has extended to treatment of other conditions. It is popular with patients but possible ocular complications must be avoided and the potential for carcinogenesis should be recognised. Although essentially palliative rather than curative, it has achieved major successes in the treatment of psoriasis and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and is also of benefit in the management of vitiligo. This article reviews over a decade of clinical and laboratory findings. Therapeutic responses are summarised and consideration is given to the protection of patients and staff.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Reduction of UV-induced erythema in normal subjects by applying methimazole.

Since free radicals are probably involved in the induction of erythema following ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, a study was conducted to investigate the influence of a topical application of methimazole (a free radical scavenger), before and at different times up to 2 h, after exposure to UV radiation. Seven subjects took part and erythema was assessed 6 h after exposure by a quantitative reflectance technique. Erythema was reduced at the sites that received methimazole 15 min prior to exposure and, although the trend was towards a decrease in erythema at the sites where methimazole was applied after exposure, the mean differences in these cases were not significant. It is believed that methimazole may have a useful role in the reduction of erythema following UV irradiation.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1988

Reflection of laser light from ophthalmic contact lenses.

Reflections of laser radiation from ophthalmological contact lenses are measured and hazard analysis calculations are presented. Measurements were made on the contact lenses using ophthalmic argon and krypton lasers. Reflection coefficients were around 0.2% for lenses with 'anti-laser' coatings and in the region of 4% for uncoated lenses. It can be shown that the nominal ocular hazard distance for a typical ophthalmic argon laser beam reflected from a contact lens with a flat front surface is approximately 30 cm for a coated lens and 1 m for an uncoated lens. The necessity of protective glasses for attending staff in particular circumstances is reviewed.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMed1988

The suitability of sunglasses used by patients following ingestion of psoralen.

We have investigated the types of eyewear which patients on photochemotherapy have obtained, and determined their suitability for providing adequate protection. Fifty-eight pairs of sunglasses from 53 patients were assessed. Spectral transmission was measured between 200 nm and 800 nm at 10 nm intervals. Thirty-eight pairs of glasses (66%) were found to be satisfactory. Particularly high UV transmission was recorded in 11 cases (19%), highlighting the need for increased awareness of the problem of ensuring that suitable protective eyewear is used.

Eyeglasses↗
PubMed1987

Physiological dead space during general anaesthesia for Caesarean section.

The physiological dead space and its components were determined during general anaesthesia for Caesarean section in seventeen patients and compared with similar values for seventeen patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia. The physiological dead space was smaller in the pregnant patients, due to a smaller alveolar dead space. The anatomical dead space was similar in both groups. A lowered physiological dead space suggests that there will be a decrease in the pulmonary ventilation perfusion ratio (V/Q) during Caesarean section; this could result from better perfusion of the ventilated alveoli than in the non-pregnant group, due to the increased cardiac output of pregnancy. An improvement in alveolar perfusion should also produce more efficient carbon dioxide elimination in pregnant patients, when compared to non-pregnant subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Intensity of the flash associated with laser-induced plasma in the eye.

A bright flash of light is emitted by the plasma formed at the focus of an ophthalmic Nd: YAG laser. The purpose of this investigation is to determine whether the plasma flash constitutes a hazard to the operator. The intensity of the flash at the slit lamp eyepiece was measured and the experimentally derived value was verified by independent calculation. For hazard assessment purposes, the concept of a spectrally weighted maximum permissible exposure (MPE) is described in the paper. Based on the MPE and our measurements and calculations our conclusion is that viewing the flash in a patient's eye through the microscope would not be considered hazardous to the operator. In contrast, during technical procedures, targets in air are used to produce a plasma and in this situation eye protection is recommended when viewing the flash through the microscope.

Cornea↗
PubMed1987

Should air-oxygen replace nitrous oxide-oxygen in general anaesthesia?

The use of compressed air-oxygen mixtures to replace nitrous oxide-oxygen in general anaesthesia was investigated in 378 patients. There were neither prolongations of recovery time nor instances of awareness under anaesthesia. The cost of general anaesthesia using compressed air-oxygen was about half that for nitrous oxide-oxygen mixtures.

Air↗
PubMed1987

Arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference during anaesthesia for tubal ligation.

Twenty-nine patients scheduled for postnatal tubal ligation by minilaparotomy under general anaesthesia were studied. Arterial and end-tidal carbon dioxide tensions were determined during anaesthesia. The mean arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide tension difference was 0.08 kPa (SEM 0.05). Thirty-one percent of the patients had negative values. These results were similar to those observed during Caesarean section. The physiological changes responsible for reduced arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide values, persist into the postnatal period. It is predicted from the regression analysis of the time between delivery and anaesthesia for tubal ligation and arterial to end-tidal CO2 difference, that the values might return to normal nonpregnant levels by 8 days following delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

UVA-induced melanocytic lesions.

The occurrence of melanocytic lesions following PUVA therapy is well documented. We describe a patient who developed similar lesions after cosmetic use of a home sun-bed without psoralen administration. Histological examination showed increased numbers of large and sometimes atypical melanocytes, which may theoretically act as precursors for melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cutaneous and ocular side-effects of oral photochemotherapy: results of an 8-year follow-up study.

To determine the long-term cutaneous side-effects of oral photochemotherapy (PUVA), we examined 95 patients, 59 with psoriasis and 36 with mycosis fungoides (MF). These comprised 80% and 69% respectively of the patients with these disorders treated with PUVA in our department from 1977 to 1985. Two psoriatic patients had squamous carcinomas, both of whom had received high cumulative UVA doses and also methotrexate concurrently with PUVA. Six patients with MF had actinic keratoses. The mean age of these patients (69 years) was significantly greater than the mean age of the patients without actinic keratoses (54 years), but there was no significant difference in their cumulative UVA doses. No patients developed basal cell carcinomas or malignant melanoma. 'PUVA lentigines' were found in 46% of the patients. They were most frequent in patients currently being treated and in those who had received high cumulative UVA doses, but persisted for up to 7 years after discontinuing therapy. Seventy-one patients had yearly ophthalmological examinations, or a single examination at least 3 months after commencing PUVA. This examination included retinal function tests to detect any subclinical visual impairment. Five of these patients had cataract prior to PUVA therapy, and were significantly older (mean age 71 years) than those without cataract (mean age 53 years). Three patients (mean age 61 years) developed new lens opacities whilst receiving PUVA. However, none of these patients was considered to have cataract as none had impairment of visual acuity due to lens opacity. No patients without lens opacity developed evidence of subclinical visual impairment.

Actins↗