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Biomedical subjects

H Morii

Publications and source records attributed to H Morii.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Is it necessary to adjust the replacement dose of thyroid hormone to the season in patients with hypothyroidism?

Hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid activity varies with the temperature of the environment; we therefore measured variables involved with thyroid function in summer and winter in normal controls and in patients with primary hypothyroidism. All seven patients had impalpable thyroid glands and had received a set replacement dose of thyroxine for over a year. In the patients, serum T3 and FT4 levels were slightly but significantly lower in winter, and TSH levels and delta TSH at 30 minutes in the TRH tests were significantly higher. In the controls, there were no significant differences between summer and winter in these values. These findings suggest that the dose required for replacement of thyroid hormone in patients with hypothyroidism may be higher in winter than in summer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum and tissue coenzyme Q9 in rats with thyroid dysfunctions.

Serum and tissue CoQ9 levels were determined in hypothyroid, euthyroid and hyperthyroid rats. A significant negative correlation was demonstrated between serum FT4 or T3 and CoQ9 in rats with various states of thyroid functions. Liver CoQ9 was significantly increased in rats rendered mildly hyperthyroid. There was a significant positive correlation between serum FT4 or T3 and liver CoQ9. While liver CoQ9 did not significantly change in severely hyperthyroid animals, liver mitochondrial CoQ9 showed a significant positive correlation with serum T3. Kidney and heart CoQ9 levels did not significantly change in hyperthyroid rats, but those in hypothyroid rats showed a tendency to increase. It was suggested that the synthesis of CoQ9 was increased in the liver in hyperthyroidism.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Increased micrococcal nuclease sensitivity and/or solubility in nuclei from Graves' disease thyroid tissue.

The sensitivity of nuclei to micrococcal nuclease was compared in thyroid tissue obtained from euthyroid patients with solitary cold nodules and from patients with Graves' disease. A significant increase in the solubility and/or the sensitivity of nuclei to the nuclease was found in thyroid tissue from patients with Graves' disease. Electrophoretic analysis of DNA in chromatin solubilized by the nuclease revealed that the amount of oligonucleosomal DNA was increased, and that of polynucleosomal DNA was even more increased, in nuclei from Graves' thyroids than in those from normal thyroids. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis in Triton acid-urea showed that the extent of histone acetylation in nuclei from Graves' thyroids was almost the same as in those from normal thyroids. These findings suggest that the state of chromatin organization in Graves' thyroid nuclei is different from that in normal thyroid nuclei and is independent of the extent of histone acetylation.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1984

Tissue calmodulin levels in normal and Graves' thyroids.

Calmodulin levels in normal human thyroids and Graves' disease thyroids were measured by specific radioimmunoassay in the presence of ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). The calmodulin levels in tissues from patients with Graves' disease treated with thionamide drugs were significantly higher than those in normal tissues from euthyroid patients with solitary cold nodules (normal: 484 +/- 50 ng/mg protein, mean +/- SE, n = 15; Graves': 901 +/- 54 ng/mg protein, n = 48, p less than 0.001). Such a rise in calmodulin levels in Graves' disease thyroids was also present even after the administration of 50 micrograms of T3 for 5 days before operation (828 +/- 137 ng/mg protein, n = 6, p less than 0.01). Calmodulin levels in Graves' disease thyroids were closely related to the cell height of follicular epithelium. Calmodulin levels in a columnar cell predominant group were significantly higher than those in a flat cell predominant or a cuboidal cell predominant group (columnar cell predominant: 1150 +/- 118 ng/mg protein, n = 13; flat cell predominant: 561 +/- 125 ng/mg protein, n = 3, p less than 0.05; cuboidal cell predominant: 596 +/- 40 ng/mg protein, n = 25, p less than 0.001). The increase in calmodulin content in Graves' disease thyroid could therefore possibly be attributed to the stimulation of the thyroid gland by the thyroid stimulating antibody. An immunofluorescence study demonstrated the presence of calmodulin immunoreactivity in the thyroid epithelial cells, particularly enriched in the apical border in the form of a granulated structure.

Calmodulin↗
PubMed1983

The gating behavior of a channel for Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release in fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Fragmented sarcoplasmic reticulum (FSR) from rabbit skeletal muscle was passively loaded with 45Ca2+. Its Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release was measured in the presence of 0.1 M KCl and 5 mM MgCl2 at 0 degrees C by Millipore filtration. The following results were obtained. 1. The amounts of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from heavy SR, light SR, and unfractionated SR were 80, 20, and 60% of the amounts of preloaded Ca2+, respectively. Therefore, the experiments were carried out with unfractionated FSR. 2. The Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release from FSR was inhibited by procaine, but unaffected by caffeine and trifluoperazine. The rate of Ca2+ release decreased markedly with decreasing pH. 3. Various adenine nucleotides (ATP, AMPPNP, ADP, AMP) accelerated the Ca2+ release, and the accelerating effect was reversible. CTP had no effect on the release, but inhibited the accelerating effect of AMPPNP. 4. In the presence of 15 microM external free Ca2+, the final amount of the Ca2+ release was unaffected. The rate of Ca2+ release was markedly increased by AMP; the dependence of the rate on AMP concentration followed a Michaelis-Menten type equation with a Hill coefficient of 1 and an apparent affinity for AMP of about 2 mM. 5. In the presence of AMP, the amount of Ca2+ released increased, while the relative rate was unaffected by increasing the external Ca2+ concentration. The final amount released increased from 0 to 60% of the amount of preloaded Ca2+ by increasing the free Ca2+ concentration from 0.06 to 0.24 microM. The effect of external Ca2+ on the release was reversible. 6. The ratio between the amount of preloaded Ca2+ and that of Ca2+ release was independent of the Ca2+ concentration used for preloading. Furthermore, the dependence of the final amount of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release on external Ca2+ was unaffected by internal Ca2+.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Biosynthesis of branched-chain fatty acids from branched-chain amino acids in subcutaneous tissue of the marine little toothed whale, Stenella caeruleo-alba.

1. The conversion mechanism for 14CO2 from [14C]Leu, [14C]Ile and [14C]Val and the incorporation of 14C-amino acids into lipids of subcutaneous tissue (melon and blubber), liver and muscle of the adult whale, Stenella caeruleo-alba were studied using a tissue culture method. 2. Iso-acids such as -5:0, -11:0; -13:0 and -15:0 in melon triglycerides were biosynthesized from [14C]Leu. On the other hand, anteiso-acids such as -5:0, -11:0, -13:0, -15:0 and n-11:0 - n-16:0 acids were derived from [14C]Ile. 3. Iso-acids such as -4:0, -12:0, -14:0 and 16:0 were biosynthesized from [14C]Val. 4. Analytical data indicate that the compositions of these acids biosynthesized were similar to that of fatty acids in whale oil. 5. The branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesized in blubber was iso-5:0 acid from [14C]Leu, with no long-chain branched acids, but n-12:0, -14:0 and -16.0 acids were also biosynthesized. 6. Radioactivities derived from 14C-amino acids incorporated into lipids in liver and muscle were extremely low compared with those in subcutaneous tissue. 7. The ratios of 14C-lipids/14CO2 in every 14C-amino acid incorporation were higher in subcutaneous tissue than in liver and muscle, and especially in the case of [14C]Leu, the ratio in melon was quite high. 8. The incorporation of the 14C-amino acids into short- and long-chain acids and alcohols of wax esters was recognized in all experiments.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate in alkalophilic bacteria.

Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) was found in an alkalophilic bacterium, Bacillus sp. A-007. This lipid comprised 4% of the phospholipid of this organism. The very low rate and extent of triphenylmethylation of BMP indicated that the two fatty acid residues occupied the C-1 and C-3' positions of the two glycerol moieties. The stereochemical configuration of the backbone of BMP was identified as sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-1'-sn-glycerol by sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase analysis after acetic acid hydrolysis and mild alkaline methanolysis. This configuration was the same as that of phosphatidylglycerol, but differed from that of BMP from mammalian cells. Finally, the structure of BMP in Bacillus sp. A-007 was concluded to be 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-1' (3'-acyl)-sn-glycerol. The fatty acids of BMP were those common in Bacillus species. The fatty acid composition of BMP was very similar to that of the major lipids in this organism. The fatty acid distribution between the C-1 and C-3' positions of BMP was determined by a newly developed method which included successive steps of acetic acid hydrolysis, chemical acylation and phospholipase A2 treatment. Fatty acids with longer chain length were concentrated in the C-1 position, and the shorter fatty acids were the major ones esterified at the C-3' position.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1982

Comparative efficacy of various vitamin D metabolites in the treatment of various types of hypoparathyroidism.

Fourteen patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism, 17 with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, and 12 with postoperative hypoparathyroidism were treated with vitamin D2, dihydrotachysterol, 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3)1 alpha-OHD3), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 for 6-18 months. The optimal maintenance dose or minimum daily dose of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to maintain serum calcium at approximately 8.5 mg/100 ml and control all the clinical symptoms was 1.3 +/- 0.16 micrograms/day (mean +/- SE) in pseudohypoparathyroidism, 1.5 +/- 0.18 micrograms/day in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, and 1.9 +/- 0.50 micrograms/day in postoperative hypoparathyroidism. There was no significant difference in the optimal maintenance dose among the 3 groups. The optimal maintenance dose of 1 alpha-OHD3, however, was 2.0 +/- 0.12 micrograms/day in pseudohypoparathyroidism, significantly lower than that in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism (3.5 +/-0.29 micrograms/day; P less than 0.001) and in postoperative hypoparathyroidism (4.89 +/- 0.54 micrograms/day; P less than 0.001). Significantly lower doses were required in the treatment of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism than in postoperative hypoparathyroidism (P less than 0.05). No significant difference was found in the optimal maintenance dose of dihydrotachysterol and vitamin D2 among the 3 groups. The average pretreatment serum calcium levels and clinical manifestations were indistinguishable among the 3 groups of patients. This suggests that such a difference in the optimal maintenance dose of 1 alpha-OHD3 is ascribed not to the difference in the severity of hypoparathyroidism, but most probably to differences in the pathophysiological processes in pseudohypoparathyroidism and idiopathic or postoperative hypoparathyroidism. The excess parathyroid hormone levels in blood of patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism (and not in other types of hypoparathyroidism) may explain such a difference.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A case report on disequilibrium hypercalcemia in hyperthyroidism. Comparison of calcium metabolism with other patients with hyperthyroidism.

The patient, a 30-year-old woman, was admitted to Itoh Hospital in February, 1979 for hyperthyroidism. She had a history of pyelonephritis and recurrent urinary tract infection. Laboratory data on admission revealed overt hyperthyroidism (T3: 405 ng/dl, T4: 22.5 micrograms/dl and T3U: 57.--%), severe hypercalcemia of 12.6 mg/dl and hypercalciuria. The PSP excretion and GFR were both decreased. Serum c-PTH was nondetectable. As the thyroid function improved, there was a gradual decrease and later normalization of plasma calcium, phosphate and urinary calcium excretion. When subtotal thyroidectomy was performed on October 19, 1979, hypertrophy of the parathyroid gland was not demonstrated. In comparison with 98 other hyperthyroid patients, the pathogenesis of hypercalcemia was discussed. In conclusion, hypercalcemia in the patient, T. Y., was regarded as a kind of disequilibrium hypercalcemia which resulted from a combination of increased bone turnover and decreased calcium excretion by the kidney.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A case report of pseudohypoparathyroidism (Drezner's type I) associated with probable Bartter's syndrome.

A 24-yr-old male patient that suffered from chronic tetany since school age. At the age of 20 tetanic convulsions occurred due to hypocalcemia. His mother also had chronic tetany due to pseudohypoparathyroidism. At the age of 24, hypocalcemia caused by pseudohypoparathyroidism was noted. Hypopotassemia persisted even when the hypocalcemia improved with the administration of 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol and calcium lactate. Other findings were normal blood pressure, high levels of plasma renin activity and serum aldosterone, a fall in blood pressure after angiotensin II antagonist infusion, blunted pressor response to angiotensin II infusion and hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular cells. These results were compatible with Bartter's syndrome. Plasma prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha in standing position were suppressed after indomethacin administration. To our knowledge this is thought to be the first report of a case of pseudohypoparathyroidism associated with probable Bartter's syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Serum coenzyme Q10 levels in thyroid disorders.

The correlation between serum CoQ10 levels and serum thyroid hormones in thyroid disorders was investigated in the present studies. Serum CoQ10 was measured by high speed liquid chromatography utilizing ultraviolet detector. In normal controls, serum CoQ10 level of the male was higher than that of the female. Serum CoQ10 level in hyperthyroidism was significantly lower than that of euthyroid subjects. But in hypothyroidism, serum CoQ10 level did not show any significant difference from that of euthyroid subjects. Significant inverse correlations were demonstrated between log CoQ10 and log T3, log T4, log free T4, or log rT3. These data suggested abnormalities in the mitochondrial electron transport system in thyroid disorders.

Adolescent↗