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Biomedical subjects

H Morii

Publications and source records attributed to H Morii.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Basic studies on an immunoradiometric assay system for human parathyrin (intact PTH1-84)].

Two-site immunoradiometric assay for human parathyrin (PTH1-84) is specific for the intact, secreted, biologically active 84 amino peptide. This system incorporates two-different polyclonal antibodies to human intact PTH and has several technical advantages for use. This assay could detect a wide range of PTH in patients with hypo-, hyperparathyroidism, chronic renal failure and hypercalcemia with malignancy, especially distinguishing the level of human intact PTH in hypoparathyroidism from in normal.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Somatomedin-C and diabetic retinopathy.

To investigate the relationship between the plasma somatomedin-C level and diabetic retinopathy, especially in different stages of the disease, plasma somatomedin-C levels were measured in 72 patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus accompanied by or without retinopathy and in 37 normal control subjects. The stage of retinopathy was assessed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. Plasma somatomedin-C levels were significantly greater in the diabetic patients with retinopathy than in the age-matched normal controls (P less than 0.01). Plasma somatomedin-C level in the patients with proliferative retinopathy was 0.60 +/- 0.30 (mean +/- SD) IU/ml (n = 24), which was significantly greater than that in the normal controls (0.41 +/- 0.18 IU/ml) (P less than 0.01). However, the patients in different stages of diabetic retinopathy did not differ significantly from each other in their plasma somatomedin-C levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Biological activity of fluorinated vitamin D analogs at C-26 and C-27 on human promyelocytic leukemia cells, HL-60.

Vitamin D compounds added to the culture medium induce HL-60 cells to differentiate into macrophage/monocytes via a receptor mechanism. This system provides a biologically relevant assay for the study of biopotency of vitamin D analogs. Using this system, the biological activity of various fluorinated derivatives of vitamin D3 was compared with that of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3). As assessed by cell morphology, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction and nonspecific esterase activity, 26,26,26,27,27,27-hexafluoro-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (26,27-F6-1,25-(OH)2D3) and 26,26,26,27,27,27-hexafluoro-1,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (26,27-F6-1,24-(OH)2D3) were about 10 times as potent as 1,25-(OH)2D3 in suppressing HL-60 cell proliferation and inducing cell differentiation. The biological activity of 26,26,26,27,27,27-hexafluoro-1-hydroxyvitamin D3 (26,27-F6-1-OH-D3) was equal to that of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in this system. 1,25-(OH)2D3 and its fluorinated analogs exerted their effects on HL-60 cells in a dose-dependent manner. HL-60 cells have a specific receptor for 1,25-(OH)2D3 with an apparent Kd of 0.25 nM, identical with that of chick intestinal receptor. While the binding affinities of 26,27-F6-1,25-(OH)2D3 and 26,27-F6-1,24-(OH)2D3 for chick intestinal receptor were lower than that of 1,25-(OH)2D3 by factors of 3 and 1.5, respectively, they were as competent as 1,25-(OH)2D3 in binding to HL-60 cell receptor. The ability of 26,27-F6-1-OH-D3 to compete for receptor protein from HL-60 cells and chick intestine was about 1/70 that of 1,25-(OH)2D3. These results indicate that trifluorination of carbons 26 and 27 of vitamin D3 can markedly enhance the effect on HL-60 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Circulating atrial natriuretic peptides in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.

Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptides were measured in 32 normal control subjects, 25 patients with hyperthyroidism, and 18 patients with hypothyroidism. Atrial natriuretic peptide values were measured before and after successful therapy with methimazole or 1-thyroxine. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration was increased in patients with hyperthyroidism (48.0 +/- 19.5 pg/ml) but was decreased in patients with severe hypothyroidism (16.3 +/- 5.7 pg/ml) compared with values in normal control subjects (31.2 +/- 9.5 pg/ml). There was no significant difference between values in normal control subjects and mildly hypothyroid patients (35.0 +/- 12.2 pg/ml). The plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration was correlated with the serum thyroxine level and heart rate. The elevated atrial natriuretic peptide concentration in hyperthyroidism decreased, whereas the reduced atrial natriuretic peptide concentration in severe hypothyroidism increased, compared with the initial value after successful therapy. These results suggest that plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration is frequently increased in hyperthyroidism and is frequently decreased in severe hypothyroidism, and that thyroid hormone is one of the regulatory factors for circulating atrial natriuretic peptides.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Structure determination of a quartet of novel tetraether lipids from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum.

The structures of three of the major polar lipids (PNL1a, GL1a, and PNGL1) of Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum were elucidated. These lipids are derivatives of dibiphytanyl diglycerol tetraether (C40 tetraether; the proposed name is caldarchaeol). PNL1a is a C40 tetraether analog of phosphatidylethanolamine (proposed name: caldarchaetidylethanolamine). GL1a was identified as beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl C40 tetraether (diglucosyl caldarchaeol). PNGL1 has the polar head groups of both PNL1a and GL1a; one of the free hydroxyls of this tetraether is esterified with phosphoethanolamine while the other is linked to a glucosylglucose residue with the same structure as that of GL1a (proposed name: diglucosyl caldarchaetidylethanolamine). That is, PNL1a (aminophospholipid), GL1a (glycolipid), and PNGL1 (aminophosphoglycolipid) form structurally a quartet of lipids with the bare caldarchaeol. We propose a new systematic nomenclature of archaebacterial polar lipids in the "DISCUSSION," because the alternative names are too lengthy and laboratory designations of these lipids are not at all systematic. This nomenclature starts with giving the names archaeol and caldarchaeol to dialkyl diether of glycerol or other polyol and tetraether of glycerol or other polyol and alkyl alcohols, respectively, because these lipids are specific to archaebacteria. Phospholipids with a phosphodiester bond were named as derivatives of archaetidic acid or caldarchaetidic acid (phosphomonoesters of archaeol and caldarchaeol) by analogy with phosphatidic acid.

Ethanolamine↗
PubMed1987

A possible role of protein phosphorylation in the inactivation of a Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum.

The Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel in the heavy fraction of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) from rabbit skeletal muscle is inactivated during ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake (Morii, H., Takisawa, H., & Yamamoto, T. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 11536-11541). AMP, one of the adenine nucleotides which activate the Ca2+ release, delayed the onset of the channel inactivation when added early during the course of the Ca2+ uptake. However, AMP could no longer activate the channel but accelerated the inactivation when added during the later phase of the Ca2+ uptake. In SR passively loaded with Ca2+, the Ca2+ channel which had been activated by AMP and Ca2+ was not spontaneously inactivated. Similarly, during GTP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, the channel activated by AMP was not inactivated. In addition acid phosphatase markedly delayed the onset of the inactivation during ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake, without affecting Ca2+ ATPase activity or GTP-dependent Ca2+ uptake by heavy SR. The effect of the phosphatase was completely blocked by ruthenium red, a potent inhibitor of the channel. These results suggest that the channel is inactivated through an ATP-dependent process, presumably phosphorylation of proteins in the SR membrane. This was supported by the findings that the reactivation of the inactivated channel by added Ca2+ was markedly accelerated by the addition of acid phosphatase and that several proteins of heavy SR were phosphorylated during ATP-dependent Ca2+ uptake.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Polyamine biosynthesis is necessary for interleukin-2-dependent proliferation but not for interleukin-2 production or high-affinity interleukin-2 receptor expression.

DL-alpha-Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), a specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase [EC 4.1.1.17] (ODC), inhibited concanavalin A-induced proliferation of splenic mononuclear cells (SMNC). The inhibition was not reversed by interleukin-2 (IL-2) addition. Although DFMO did not affect the production of IL-2 or the expression of high-affinity IL-2 receptor, IL-2-dependent proliferation of SMNC was inhibited by DFMO, and the inhibition was reversed by exogenous putrescine. The inhibition of IL-2-dependent DNA synthesis appeared to be related to the decrease in intracellular polyamines. When the proliferation of SMNC was induced by IL-2, ODC activity was also increased. A similar result was obtained in the proliferation of an IL-2-dependent T cell line, CTLL. The time course of ODC induction was similar to that of IL-2 production by concanavalin A-stimulated SMNC. These results indicate that polyamine biosynthesis is necessary for IL-2-dependent proliferation, but not for IL-2 production or IL-2 receptor expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A case of hyponatremia in panhypopituitarism caused by the primary empty sella syndrome.

A 64-year-old woman was admitted for evaluation of hyponatremia. She was maintained on hypertonic saline administration. Without this therapy, the serum Na concentration decreased progressively to 127 mEq/L and the plasma osmolality to 254 mOsm/Kg H2O, on Day 3. At that time, the concentration of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was as high as 3.5 pg/ml. A skull radiogram revealed an enlarged sella turcica. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a low density in the sella, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed equal intensity of the sella turcica and the cerebrospinal fluid. A diagnosis of empty sella syndrome was made by metrizamide cisternography in conjunction with CT scanning. A diagnosis of panhypopituitarism was made by endocrine function tests. 123I-thyroidal uptake was 6% when her serum TSH was 10.9 microU/ml, suggesting that she might also have primary hypothyroidism. When this patient was given glucocorticoid before levothyroxine replacement, her serum Na concentration rose up to about 140 mEq/L and a normal relationship between her plasma ADH level (2.4 pg/ml) and plasma osmolality (281 mOsm/kg H2O) was restored. Therefore, it was suggested that ADH hypersecretion induced by the glucocorticoid deficiency might in part contribute to the development of hyponatremia. This is the case of primary empty syndrome associated with panhypopituitarism, in whom initial symptom was caused by hyponatremia.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1987

Retrospective reevaluation of the significance of thyroid microsomal antibody in the treatment of Graves' disease.

The results of treatment were analyzed in relation to serum microsomal antibody (MCAb) titre before treatment in 1185 patients with Graves' disease. The percentage of patients who had ablative therapy because of poor response to antithyroid drug treatment was significantly greater in those with MCAb haemagglutination test (MCHA) titres greater than 1:25,000. With 131I treatment, the patients with MCHA titres greater than 1:6400 responded significantly less to therapy, although the analysis was done in 146 selected patients with certain defined radiation doses and small goitres. With surgical treatment, the percentage of the patients entering into remission was significantly smaller for patients with MCHA titres greater than 1:25,000, because of an increase in both hypothyroidism and relapses. The incidence of hypothyroidism was significantly higher in patients with marked lymphocyte infiltration and/or lymphoid follicles. The degree of these histological findings in Graves' disease was not marked in spite of high MCAb titre and it was significantly different from that in Hashimoto's disease when analyzed in relation to the MCHA titre. These data indicate that in Graves' patients with high MCAb titre, remission is difficult to obtain by treatment, and suggest that the significance of MCAb is different in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease. The titre in Graves' disease may be one expression of the activity of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Myasthenia gravis associated with Graves' disease in Japan.

The prevalence of myasthenia gravis in Graves' disease was 0.14% in the 22,956 patients with Graves' disease who came during 1968-1979 to the Ito Hospital, Tokyo. While age at the onset of Graves' disease in patients with myasthenia gravis was slightly lower than that in those with Graves' disease without myasthenia gravis, age at the onset of myasthenia gravis in patients with Graves' disease was not different from that of myasthenia gravis patients without Graves' disease. Of 33 patients with both myasthenia gravis and Graves' disease, 8 developed myasthenia gravis first, 13 developed Graves' disease first, and in 12 the two diseases occurred concurrently. Most patients in whom Graves' disease developed first had clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis within 2 years of the onset of Graves' disease. The dosage of an anticholinergic drug required to control symptoms decreased as the thyroid function was normalized, and no cases showed the "see-saw phenomenon".

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Clinical significance of atrial natriuretic peptide in human blood.

In an attempt to clarify the clinical significance of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in man, plasma levels of immunoreactive ANP were studied in patients with heart diseases and in those with chronic renal failure. When ANP concentrations in pulmonary arterial plasma were compared with hemodynamic variables in patients with heart diseases who underwent cardiac catheterization, a significant positive correlation was found between plasma ANP levels and mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, while plasma ANP levels were not significantly correlated to mean right atrial pressure (MRAP). After the injection of contrast medium, both MRAP and plasma ANP levels increased and a significant positive correlation was observed between two variables. Plasma levels of ANP were elevated in patients with congestive heart failure according to the severity. In addition, patients associated with atrial fibrillation showed significantly higher plasma ANP levels than those on sinus rhythm. In patients with paroxysmal atrial arrhythmias, plasma ANP levels increased markedly during paroxysms. Patients with chronic renal failure had elevated plasma ANP levels, which fell after hemodialysis. These results suggest that both left and right atrial tissue can secrete ANP as a result of stretching of the cardiocytes in man and that plasma ANP levels are elevated in patients with congestive heart failure and in those with chronic renal failure by increased atrial pressure due to volume expansion. Abnormal atrial contraction per se, in addition, may stimulate ANP secretion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Acquired cutis laxa concomitant with nephrotic syndrome.

A 41-year-old woman developed laxity and wrinkling of the skin. This process spread slowly to involve the skin of almost the entire body, without any previous inflammatory skin disorder. The skin of her face, neck, and trunk hung in loose folds, leading to a prematurely aged appearance. One year later she noticed edema on her face and legs. Laboratory studies disclosed low C3 and CH50 serum levels and proteinuria. Skin biopsy specimens revealed extensive loss and fragmentation of dermal elastic fibers. A renal biopsy specimen showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (type 2), and an immunofluorescent study disclosed C3 and IgG deposition in the mesangial matrix and along the glomerular basement membrane. We propose that, in this case, cutis laxa may be related to an abnormal immune response.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Factors predicting the course of diabetes mellitus in hyperthyroid patients.

The relationship between changes in glucose tolerance with treatment of hyperthyroidism and various factors that might be relevant to carbohydrate metabolism were investigated in 64 hyperthyroid patients with abnormal glucose tolerance, including 35 cases with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of 140 mg/dl or more. All patients had diffuse toxic goiter. After correction of the hyperthyroidism, glucose intolerance improved in almost all cases, even in cases with fasting hyperglycemia, but diabetes mellitus in patients with FPG above 140 mg/dl and/or delta IRI/delta PG X 30' during a 50-g oral glucose tolerance test below 0.10, persisted. Patients who showed diabetic glucose tolerance even after remission from thyroid dysfunction had significantly lower delta IRI/delta PG X 30' values and a higher incidence of family histories of diabetes mellitus than those not showing diabetic glucose tolerance. There were no significant differences in serum T3 and T4 levels between these two groups of patients. The findings suggest that predisposition to diabetes may be an important factor in persistent glucose intolerance in the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease. The FPG and delta IRI/delta PG X 30' values may be useful in predicting which patients with hyperthyroidism will have permanent diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Calcitonin-induced phosphorylation of rat liver cytosolic proteins.

Calcitonin (CT) stimulated phosphorylation of two liver cytosolic proteins whose molecular weights are 67,000 and 93,000. Stimulation of 67,000-Mr protein phosphorylation began shortly after subcutaneous injection of CT, reaching a maximum at 5 min and decreasing to below the control level at 30 min. The reaction was independent of cyclic AMP or Ca2+, and was not influenced by a calmodulin antagonist, W7. Stimulation of 93,000-Mr protein phosphorylation became evident by 30 min. This reaction was also stimulated by administration of vasopressin or epinephrine, which is known to cause increased phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase having the same molecular weight. The phosphorylation of 93,000-Mr protein, stimulated by CT, was dependent on Ca2+ but not on cyclic AMP, and appeared to be inhibited by W7. In addition, CT did not influence the phosphorylation of 61,000-Mr protein, a major protein phosphorylated in a cyclic AMP-dependent manner. These results suggest that CT may exert its effect on liver cells through protein phosphorylation, most probably in a cyclic AMP-independent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Concentrations of thyroxine-binding globulin in sera and peritoneal dialysates in patients on chronic peritoneal ambulatory dialysis.

Losses in thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) in peritoneal dialysate and thyroid function were evaluated in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), in comparison to patients on hemodialysis (HD) without TBG loss in the dialysate. The TBG concentration in the peritoneal dialysate was 0.26 +/- 0.09 microgram/ml (mean +/- SD, n = 24), with a daily loss of 2.47 +/- 0.94 mg. The serum TBG level in CAPD patients was 21.0 +/- 4.71 micrograms/ml (n = 24), which was not significantly different from that in HD patients (20.0 +/- 5.72 micrograms/ml, n = 24) or in healthy Japanese subjects. The serum TBG level correlated positively with the TBG loss and TBG level in the peritoneal dialysate (p less than 0.001). The serum T4 level in CAPD patients (4.93 +/- 1.38 microgram/dl, n = 24) was significantly greater than in HD patients (4.08 +/- 1.30 microgram/dl, n = 24, p less than 0.05).

Adult↗