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Biomedical subjects

H Mohri

Publications and source records attributed to H Mohri.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Case report: inhalation therapy of paromomycin is effective for respiratory infection and hypoxia by cryptosporidium with AIDS.

A 24-year-old man with AIDS and hemophilia A had intractable diarrhea and fever. Upon examination of stool and of a sigmoidal biopsy specimen, cryptosporidium was revealed. Approximately 2 months after admission, respiratory infection with hypoxia due to cryptosporidium developed. Paromomycin inhalation was effective therapy. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of respiratory cryptosporidiosis treated successfully by paromomycin inhalation.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1995

Acquired von Willebrand disease associated with multiple myeloma; characterization of an inhibitor to von Willebrand factor.

Acquired von Willebrand disease (vWD) has been described in a few patients with multiple myeloma. The present study characterizes an inhibitor of von Willebrand factor (vWF) isolated from a patient with multiple myeloma (IgG-kappa). Multimeric analysis of vWF from this patient's plasma showed a reduction in multimers of all sizes. The inhibitor (IgG) detected only the vWF subunit from plasma of normal individuals. It reacted with intact vWF subunit and a 39/34kDa dispase-digested fragment of vWF (residues; Leu480/Val481-Gly718), but did not react with platelet membrane glycoproteins (GPs) or adhesive proteins. The binding of vWF to GPIb mediated by ristocetin and by botrocetin was inhibited by the patient's IgG with an IC50s of 0.3 mg/ml and 0.48 mg/ml, respectively. The platelet aggregation induced by ristocetin or botrocetin was also inhibited by the IgG. These results indicate that this inhibitor may recognize the binding region of vWF to GPIb. Therefore, the antibody to vWF appears to represent the likely pathophysiological mechanism responsible for the acquired vWD in this patient.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1995

[Clinico-pathological aspect of HIV-sero positive inpatients].

To describe the clinico-pathological aspect of HIV/AIDS inpatients, we reviewed HIV/AIDS inpatients in our hospital since 1988. We evaluated risk factors, CD4 counts, CD4/8 ratio, cause of death and the survival time after diagnosis of AIDS. A total of 13 HIV sero-positive subjects were admitted to our hospital, including 11 cases (85%) with AIDS. One patient was a foreigner. All cases were male; age range 18-70 years. Hemophiliacs and sexually transmitted patients account for 62% and 38% of cases, respectively. There were no cases of intravenous drug users. In all cases with AIDS, CD4+ cells and CD4/8 ratio significantly decreased with median value of 73/microns and 0.18, respectively. Six cases (54%) were decreased and autopsy were done in four cases. Findings of autopsy revealed HIV encephalopathy and systemic various infection, including Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus, papilloma virus and pox virus. Cytomegalovirus infection was found in all cases; one had innumerable inclusion bodies in lung, adrenal gland and intestines. The median survival time after diagnosis of AIDS were 26 months.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1994

Heparin Binding Sites Are Located in a 40-kD gamma-Chain and a 36-kD beta-Chain Fragment Isolated from Human Fibrinogen.

Objective: We have previously shown that (125)I-fibrinogen binds to heparin sepharose CL-6B. To identify the localization of the heparin binding domain in human fibrinogen, reduced and alkylated fibrinogen was digested by limited-Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. Methods/Results: Two fragments have now been isolated and purified to apparent homogeneity by heparin-affinity chromatography. These fragments, denoted the 40-kD and 36-kD fragments, contain NH(2)-terminal sequences of Ala-Ser-Ile-Leu-Thr-Hb;-Asp and Thr-Val-Asn-Ser-Asn-Ile-Pro, respectively. These fragments established the positions of these peptides within the gamma chain of fibrinogen as beginning with the residue tentatively designated 124 and within the beta chain as beginning with the residue designated 186. Binding of (125)I-fibrinogen to heparin-sepharose CL-6B was completely inhibited by a mixture of these fragments, with an IC(50) of 3.2 µM. The synthetic peptide of the gamma chain carboxy-terminal 15 residues (GQQHHLGGAKQAGDV;G15) partially inhibited fibrinogen binding. The mixture of these fragments partially inhibited the ADP-induced aggregation of platelets. Conclusions: These data indicate that the domains for heparin binding may be present on both the gamma chain and the beta chain of fibrinogen, and that the domain on the gamma chain may be close to the binding domain on the carboxy terminus of the fibrinogen gamma chain to glycoprotein IIb-IIIa.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Diverticulum of the superior vena cava.

A 14-year-old girl underwent operation with the diagnosis of diverticulum of the superior vena cava. Microscopic findings revealed a diverticulum with venous architecture. This represents a rare case of a giant diverticulum of the superior vena cava.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Aortic arch aneurysm repair using selective cerebral perfusion.

Seventy-seven patients underwent aortic arch aneurysm repair using selective cerebral perfusion from January 1987 to August 1992. Early and long-term results and preoperative and postoperative cerebral function were evaluated. Cerebral function was assessed by the mini mental state-Himeji test and the Wechsler adult intelligence scale. Thirty-six patients had true aneurysms, and 41 had dissection. Hospital mortality for true and dissecting aneurysms was 19.4% and 7.3%, respectively. The 5-year actuarial survival rates for true and dissecting aneurysms were 59.0% and 65.3%, respectively (not significant). There were no significant differences in test scores before or after operation. Repair or replacement of the aortic arch using selective cerebral perfusion is a safe procedure with acceptable hospital mortality.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1994

"Bridged" peptide of fibrinogen binds to platelets activated by RGD peptide as well as by ADP.

We have evaluated the binding of a bridged peptide of Y-HHLGGAKQAGDV(G)9RGDS to RGDS-activated platelets. The bridged peptide saturably bound to platelets activated by RGDS peptide and by ADP with binding sites of 38,600 +/- 4800 molecules/platelet (Kd = 8.9 +/- 1.3 x 10(-7) M) and 43,600 +/- 9,200 molecules/platelet (Kd = 3.1 +/- 0.5 x 10(-7) M), respectively. Native fibrinogen inhibited the binding of the bridged peptide to platelets activated by RGDS peptide and by ADP with IC50s of 1.2 +/- 0.4 microM and 1.8 +/- 0.6 microM, respectively. In addition, the RGDS peptide and the dodecapeptide (gamma 400-411; HHLGGAKQAGDV) completely inhibited the binding of the bridged peptide to platelets activated by RGDS peptide with IC50s of 32 +/- 2.6 microM for RGDS and 102 +/- 4.1 microM for gamma 400-411, respectively. The anti-GPIIb/IIIa monoclonal antibody, LJ-CP8, also inhibited these bindings. The IC50s were 75 +/- 8.6 micrograms/ml for RGDS activation and 56 +/- 6.3 micrograms/ml for ADP stimulation. These results suggest that the flexible hinge region may allow assumption of the appropriate structure in the presence of the receptor complex. It indicates that both RGDS and agonist stimulation may play an important role in inducing activation of platelets that results in further platelet aggregation and tight thrombus formation.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Sperm-egg fusion in the sea urchin is blocked in Mg(2+)-free seawater.

Magnesium ions as well as calcium ions are required for successful fertilisation in sea urchins. In the absence of Mg2+ spermatozoa attached to the egg plasma membrane, their acrosomal processes passing through the vitelline envelope, but could not enter the egg cytoplasm (Sano et al., Dev. Growth Differ. 22, 531-41, 1980). Such an individual spermatozoon was observed microscopically to resume entry into the egg immediately after the addition of a sufficient amount of Mg2+ to the surrounding medium. Neither any change in membrane potential nor an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration of the egg was observed after insemination in the absence of Mg2+, although both could be observed after the addition of Mg2+. The sperm heads did not show fluorescence when attached to the surface of an egg previously microinjected with mithramycin A in Mg-free seawater, indicating that there was no connection between the sperm and the egg. Therefore, occurrence of fertilisation potential must be a post-fusional event. These results suggest that Mg2+ are indispensable for fusion between the sperm acrosomal membrane and the egg plasma membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Autoimmune antibody in a patient with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura reacted to the platelet low molecular weight glycoproteins and activated platelets.

The authors characterized antiplatelet membrane antibodies in the sera of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and cirrhosis of the liver. Antibodies were detected in five of the 22 patients with chronic ITP and in none of the eight patients with cirrhosis of the liver. The authors report a patient with chronic ITP in complete remission. Antibody to platelet glycoproteins (GP), with molecular weights of 55 and 49 kDa, was detected in the serum. The patient's immunoglobulin G (IgG) alone could cause the aggregation of platelet-rich plasma. Anti-GPIIb/IIIa antibody (LJ-CP8) inhibited the aggregation of platelet-rich plasma induced by the patient's IgG in a dose-dependent manner. The F(ab')2 of the patient's IgG had a synergetic effect on the aggregation of PRP induced by adenosine 5-diphosphate. This demonstrates that in ITP, the binding of IgG via its fragment of antigen binding site portion may activate platelets.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Late results after correction of ventricular septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension.

Fifty-eight patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) associated with severe pulmonary hypertension (Pp/Ps > or = 0.90) were repaired between 1971 and 1992. Their preoperative Pp/Ps, Rp/Rs and Rp were 0.98 +/- 0.06, 2.37 +/- 1.20 and 4.81 +/- 3.06 units.m2, respectively. Late results were analyzed in 56 operative survivors. The age at the time of operation ranged from 2 months to 32 years (average 4.1 years) and the postoperative follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 20 years (average 5.5 years). Eighty-two percent of the patients were in New York Heart Association functional class I, 15% were in class II and 3% in class III. The postoperative Pp/Ps and Rp/Rs significantly decreased to 0.41 +/- 0.13 (p < 0.001) and 0.25 +/- 0.16 (p < 0.001), respectively. There were significant differences in Rp/Rs and Rp between the patients operated on before (Group 1) and after 2 years of age (Group 2). Rp/Rs and Rp in Group 1 were 0.17 +/- 0.06 and 2.52 +/- 0.65 units.m2, whereas 0.31 +/- 0.19 (p < 0.05) and 4.26 +/- 1.88 units.m2 (p < 0.05) in Group 2, respectively. One patient died 14 months after VSD closure due to respiratory failure. It is concluded that a patient with VSD associated with severe but reversible pulmonary hypertension should be surgically corrected before 2 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[VEPA and ML-Y1 regimen for elderly non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

A total of 32 previously untreated patients aged 65 years or older with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with VEPA (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, prednisolone and doxorubicin) or ML-Y1 (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, bleomycin, procarbazizin and prednisolone). The median age of the patients was 70 years (range 65-77), 19 males and 13 females. The outcome of 16 patients with VEPA and 16 patients with ML-Y1 was retrospectively evaluated. There were no significant differences in response or survival between VEPA and ML-Y1, complete remission rates were 37.5% vs. 31.3% and duration of 50% survival were 20 months and 13 months, respectively. Major side effects of both regimens were myelosuppression, hair loss, nausea, vomiting and peripheral neuropathy. There was no increased toxicity in ML-Y1 but this regimen seemed like VEPA, to be insufficient for NHL in elderly patients. A new intensive regimen should be designed to treat NHL in the elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Thoracic aortic aneurysmectomy with a sutureless intraluminal ringed graft.

Forty-two patients underwent replacement of the thoracic aorta with a sutureless intraluminal graft. Early and long-term results were evaluated. The operative mortality rate was 7.1%. There were two postoperative complications related to a ringed graft. One complication, the formation of a pseudoaneurysm, was caused by insufficient fixation of the graft; the other, a cerebral infarction, was related to the location of the proximal anastomosis with respect to the origin of the left subclavian artery. The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates were 86 and 69.5%, respectively. These were similar to survival rates of age-matched controls in the general Japanese population. Replacement of the thoracic aorta using a sutureless intraluminal graft can be performed with acceptable operative mortality, with good long-term results.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Replacement of the prosthetic aortic valve within a composite graft].

In 1974, a 36-year-old man underwent composite graft replacement of the aortic valve and the ascending aorta with a Starr-Edwards prosthesis (2320). In 1993, he had hemolytic anemia due to cloth wear of the Starr-Edwards prosthesis. The prosthetic aortic valve was removed and replaced without replacement of the conduit. This technique was simple and safe, and was useful to avoid unnecessary dissection.

Aorta↗
PubMed1994

[Insertion of prosthetic tricuspid valve two years after the tricuspid valvulectomy].

A case of a 14-year-old boy who underwent a prosthetic tricuspid valve insertion two years after the tricuspid valvulectomy due to intractable right-sided active endocarditis is presented. At the initial operation, the tricuspid valve was thoroughly resected because of marked destruction and attachment of vegetations, and a concomitant ventricular septal defect was directly closed. When a prosthetic valve was placed in the tricuspid portion, a semicircular Dacron patch was attached to the right side of the interventricular septum in a fashion of up-chord and down-arc to cover the bundle of His. The straight edge of the patch was located near the AV node and was not sutured to the tricuspid valve annulus. A 31 mm of CarboMedics prosthetic valve was sutured to the tricuspid valve annulus and to the free edge of the patch at the position near the AV node to prevent AV block. Postoperative course was uneventful and ECG showed regular sinus rhythm.

Child↗
PubMed1994

[A clinical study of respiratory complication after cardiopulmonary bypass, with special reference to complement activation, WBC and granulocyte elastase].

Complement activation and it's influence on lung injury were studied in 20 patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Anaphylatoxins increased remarkably to 3130 +/- 1770 ng/ml in C3a, 2480 +/- 2530 ng/ml in C4a and granulocytes were significantly fewer in left atrium (LA) than right atrium (RA) during CPB. Granulocyte elastase (GEL) was significantly higher in LA than RA at the time of reperfusion. Postoperative respiratory index was well correlated with C3a and GEL. We concluded that lung injury after CBP was caused by anaphylatoxin which aggregated granulocyte in pulmonary vasculature and released GEL during CPB, and anaphylatoxin was produced not only by using CBP but in patient's lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of preclotting and collagen coating on endothelializing rate and thrombogenesity of Dacron grafts in the canine thoracic aorta].

Although high porosity knitted Dacron is generally recognized to have superior healing characteristics over woven Dacron, its porosity must be controlled at the clinical operation. This can be achieved with several materials, including geratin, insoluble collagen, albumin, and fibrin. We made atherocollagen coated graft using EX-313 as a new crosslinking agent. The purpose of this study is to compare the endothelializing rate and thrombogenesity of Dacron grafts coated by atherocollagen in the canine thoracic aorta with preclotting grafts with blood or albumin. Five groups were studied: Control group (n = 10), without preclotting; A-P group (n = 8), preclotting with albumin; B-P group (n = 5), preclotting with blood; W-C group (n = 5), atherocollagen coating with low cross-linkage; S-C group (n = 7), atherocollage coating with high cross-linkage. Thoracic aorta was replaced with 8 mm graft in length of 5.0 to 5.5 cm using temporary bypass with anthron tube. Grafts were harvested 3 months following implantation, and the endothelized surface ratio was calculated by microscopic line sampling method. Endothelized surface ratio of Control group, A-P group B-P group, W-C group and S-C group were 85%, 55%, 67%, 93% and 85%, respectively. Endothelized surface ratio of W-C group and S-C group were higher (p < 0.05) than those of A-P group, B-P group. There were thrombus in non-epithelized area. We conclude that atherocollagen coated graft had superior antithrombogenesity compared to albumin or blood preclotting graft.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Tricuspid valve myxoma in a child with coronary artery occlusion and aneurysms.

The case of a 13-year-old boy with a tricuspid valve myxoma and coronary artery occlusion and aneurysms suspected to be caused by Kawasaki's disease is presented. Simultaneous extirpation of the myxoma and coronary artery bypass grafting to the left anterior descending artery using the left internal mammary artery was performed. His postoperative course was satisfactory. Coronary artery bypass grafting in a child is also discussed.

Adolescent↗