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Biomedical subjects

H Mohri

Publications and source records attributed to H Mohri.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effects of circulatory arrest and rewarming on regional blood flow during surface-induced hypothermia.

Regional blood flow and distribution of cardiac output (CO) were evaluated by the radioactive microsphere technique in rhesus monkeys during surface rewarming following the induction of deep hypothermia (20 degrees C.) under deep ether anesthesia. A comparison of animals subjected to 30 minutes of circulatory arrest and those not arrested revealed cerebral, coronary, and renal vascular resistance and flow patterns consistent with a hyperemic response to circulatory arrest at 20 degrees C. Throughout rewarming cerebral and coronary absolute flows tended to be at or above the flows noted at comparable cooling temperatures in a previous study. Renal flow fraction (% Qt) were well preserved during rewarming to 30 degrees C., but a decrease was observed thereafter. Carcass (muscle, skin, bone) %Qt was also reduced following rewarming, especially in arrested animals. CO appeared to be similar to those noted at comparable cooling temperatures until 30 degrees C. during rewarming; thereafter, CO did not fully recover to awake control levels. These data suggest that regional flow is redistributed from the carcass and renal circulations to cerebral and coronary circulations in response to hemodynamic alterations during surface rewarming. It was concluded that autoregulative responses to both circulatory arrest and hemodynamic factors are elicited during surface rewarming from deep hypothermia to 20 degrees C. with the method described.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

ATP-driven tubule extrusion from axonemes without outer dynein arms of sea-urchin sperm flagella.

We have prepared axonemes without outer dynein arms from sea-urchin (Pseudocentrotus depressus, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus) sperm flagella by selective solubilization with NaCl. Electron microscopy revealed that the axonemes gradually lost their outer arms in 0.5 M NaCl during 10 min. Such axonemes retained 42.8 +/- 7.3% of their total axonemal ATPase activity and showed C, A, D and B bands in the dynein region of 4% SDS-gel, while a solubilized fraction of the outer arms consisted almost entirely of A band polypeptide. We have succeeded in causing extrusion of the outer doublets from such axonemes by addition of ATP and trypsin. A bundle of outer doublets was sometimes observed to be extruded first from an axoneme and to show bending motion for a while, subsequently followed by a sliding of separate doublets past each other. The speed of the tubule extrusion process was slower and around 60% of that of intact axonemes having both types of arm. These observations indicate that the inner arms have a function equivalent to that of the outer arms, of sliding on adjacent doublets, although the inner arms seem to be constituted from polypeptide(s) different from that of the outer arms.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1980

Real-time sound spectroanalysis for diagnosis of malfunctioning prosthetic valves.

A newly developed real-time sound spectroanalyzer was found to be capable of diagnosing malfunction of prosthetic heart valves. Sound spectroanalysis is believed to be superior to other methods such as phonocardiography and echocardiography. This system, developed in our institute, allows display on a cathode ray oscilloscope of five different modes of the valvular click, including the sound spectrograph and section pattern. Analysis of the section pattern allows measurement of the high-frequency components of the valvular click, which is normalized so as to be applicable to a click of any intensity. This parameter is called normalized maximal frequency (NMF). Sound spectroanalyses were carried out 228 times on 127 patients having a prosthetic heart valve. NMF values of normally functioning valves differed characteristically according to the type of valve, but did not change during the postoperative time course. Three of seven patients who had cerebral embolism showed significantly lower NMF values than normal, as did all four patients whose valve had become thrombosed.

Atrial Fibrillation↗
PubMed1980

Indication for total correction of complete transposition of the great arteries with pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) was histologically evaluated and its severity was expressed as an index of PVD in 14 autopsied and eight biopsied cases of complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA) in patients more than 6 months of age. The index varied from 1.0 to 2.3 in six patients who had survived complete surgical repair and ranged from 2.3 to 3.3 in five patients who had died of PVD postoperatively. Consequently, an index of 2.2 could be regarded as an upper limit of PVD for complete surgical repair. The index was significantly correlated to some hemodynamic factors. From the regression equation, the value 2.2 of histologic index could be translated into the clinical factors concerning hemodynamics. We consider that patients with pulmonary vascular resistance of less than 10.6 units . m2, and pulmonary arterial mean pressure less than 51 mm Hg, are suitable candidates for complete surgical repair in TGA, if more than 6 months of age. Thus histologic assessment of PVD in a lung biopsy as an indication for total correction of TGA with pulmonary hypertension appears to be useful in patients who are in borderline hemodynamic condition or in whom the hemodynamics could not be evaluated although pulmonary hypertension was suspected.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1979

Effects of ether anesthesia and surface-induced hypothermia on regional blood flow.

Regional blood flow and distribution of cardiac output (CO) were evaluated by the radioactive microsphere technique in seven rhesus monkeys prior to anesthesia, following the induction of deep ether anesthesia and throughout the cooling course during surface-induced hypothermia to temperatures of 20 degrees C. As given, deep ether anesthesia alone significantly decreased CO 10% to 15% and output fraction (Qt) was decreased to the carcass, increased to the splanchnic circulation (although not statistically significant), and unchanged to other organs, while total vascular (TVR) and organ resistances were reduced. With the addition of cooling, CO progressively decreased. Individual organ Qt's, however, did not change from anesthetized normothermic values; thus organ flows decreased parallel to the reduction of CO as cooling progressed. TVR and organ vascular resistances increased to levels in excess of 150% of anesthetized precooling values, apparently as the result of viscosity rather than vascular changes.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗