Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Mogami

Publications and source records attributed to H Mogami.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Edema and circulatory disturbance in the spinal cord compressed by epidural neoplasms in rabbits.

An experimental model of spinal cord compression by epidural neoplasms was produced in rabbits by injecting a VX2 tumor-cell suspension anterior to the T-13 vertebral body. With this experimental model, edema and circulatory disturbance of the spinal cord compressed by epidural tumors were studied. The characteristic histopathological findings in the compressed spinal cord were edema and axonal swelling in the white matter. Water content and uptake of intravenously injected 99mTc pertechnetate in the compressed spinal cord were significantly greater than in the spinal cord distant from the tumor, and increased in proportion to the degree of neurological loss. Microangiography and fluorescein angiography demonstrated stenosis or obstruction of the epidural venous plexus and impairment of venous drainage in the compressed spinal cord at the early stage of neurological symptoms. It is suggested that venous stasis and subsequent vasogenic edema in the spinal cord play an important role in the symptomatology of metastatic epidural spinal cord compression.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Levels of astroprotein (an astrocyte-specific cerebroprotein) in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with brain tumors. An attempt at immunochemical diagnosis of gliomas.

Levels of astroprotein (an astrocyte-specific protein found in the cerebrum) were measured by radioimmunoassay in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 120 patients with intracranial diseases and eight control subjects. The astroprotein level was elevated (above 25 ng/ml) in 13 of 30 cases (43.3%) of glial tumors, nine of 57 cases (15.8%) of nongliomatous intracranial tumors, seven of 33 cases (21.2%) of non-neoplastic intracranial diseases, but in none of the eight control cases. In glioblastoma patients, CSF astroprotein was elevated in eight of 12 cases (66.7%), in three of them to a remarkable degree (above 500 ng/ml). The possible role of this test is briefly discussed, and the mechanism of increase of the astroprotein levels in the CSF considered.

Astrocytes↗
PubMed1980

Combination chemotherapy with 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride and bleomycin in meningeal carcinomatosis in rats.

Combination chemotherapy with 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) and bleomycin (BLM) was evaluated using an experimental model of meningeal carcinomatosis induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intracisternal inoculation of 1 X 10(4) Walker 256 tumor cells. Tumor-bearing animals were treated by i.v. administration of cyclophosphamide, BLM, ACNU, or a combination thereof, starting on Day 5 after tumor inoculation. BLM, 5 mg/kg on Day 5 as well as 5 mg/kg/day on Days 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13, was ineffective. Cyclophosphamide, 30 mg/kg, or ACNU, 15 or 30 mg/kg, on Day 5 increased the median survival time by 52, 70, and 82%, respectively. The combination of ACNU, 15 mg/kg, and cyclophosphamide, 15 mg/kg, increased median survival time by 73%, while the combination of ACNU, 15 mg/kg, and BLM, 5 mg/kg, resulted in a maximal increase of median survival time of 200% when the agents were given on Day 5. The combination of ACNU, 15 mg/kg on Day 5, and BLM, 5 mg/kg/day on Days 5, 7, 9, 11, and 13, increased median survival time by over 360% and cured 60% of the animals. These results point to the therapeutic advantage inherent in ACNU and BLM combination therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin and carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with primary intracranial germ cell tumors.

Serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 14 patients with primary intracranial germ cell tumors in the pineal and/or chiasmal region and the relationship between AFP, HCG and CEA levels, tumor histopathology and survival time was studied. In 7 of the 14 patients, elevation of AFP and/or HCG was noted. Histopathological diagnosis of these patients was embryonal carcinoma (1), choriocarcinomas (2) and seminoma (4). Five of the 7 patients died within 2 years after diagnosis in spite of surgery and/or radiation therapy. Seven patients who showed normal AFP and HCG levels consisted of 6 germinomas and one teratoma. Four of the 7 patients remain alive and well more than 5 years after surgery and/or radiation therapy. CEA was above normal in only one patient with a seminoma. Our results suggest that the serum levels of AFP and HCG are useful for predicting tumor histopathology and the prognosis of patients with primary intracranial germ cell tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Radioisotope ventriculography for functional evaluation of the Ommaya Reservoir (author's transl)].

Thirty nine patients with diagnosis of meningeal leukemia, meningeal lymphoma and leukemia having high risk of meningeal involvement were treated with intraventricular administration of chemotherapeutic drugs via Ommaya reservoir. In all of those patients, radioisotope ventriculography was always performed with ytterbium-169 diethyltriamine pentaacetic acid (169Yb-DTPA) at 1 week after placement of the Ommaya reservoir. In the patients who had normal cerebrospinal (CSF) flow, majority of the radioactivity injected moved to cisterna magna and basal cistern at 4 hours after injection and to subarachnoid space of the cortical surface at 24 hours. Two cases of ventricular catheter occlusion were diagnosed by this method. Two cases of catheter tip misplacement were suspected with computed tomography and confirmed with radioisotope ventriculography. One of the misplacement cases developed focal leukoencephalopathy possibly due to high concentration of methotrexate (MTX) in the brain adjacent to the ventricular cathter. Two cases showed delayed CSF circulation, and the doses of MTX were decreased to be half of the ordinary dose (12 mg/M2 once a week) during initial phase of the treatment. The dose was increased after successful treatment of meningeal dissemination and restoration of the normal CSF flow. Radioisotope ventriculography might be quite useful for detection of the flow of materials placed into Ommaya reservoir. Routine use of this procedure may be helpful to prevent reservoir- and drug-related complications.

Cerebral Ventricles↗
PubMed1980

Primary fibrosarcoma of the skull.

The case of a 61-year-old woman with fibrosarcoma of the skull is discussed. Despite surgical treatment and irradiation, she died 23 months after diagnosis. Primary fibrosarcoma of the skull is rare but must be considered in the differentiation of the osteolytic lesions of the skull.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[The anti-tumor effect of ACNU and X-irradiation on mouse glioma (author's transl)].

Anti-tumor activities of ACNU and X-irradiation on methylcholanthrene induced glioma in C57BL mice were studied in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments using cultured glioma cells (MGB cells), the synchronization of cell cycle was done by excess addition of thymidine, and the anti-tumor cell effect were investigated by mean of determinations of DNA synthesis, mitotic index and the number of the living cells following the treatments. As the results, it appeared obvious that ACNU was most effective on MGB cells in S phase and X-irradiation in M phase. As to the combined therapy of ACNU and X-irradiation, the anti-tumor effect was most remarkable when the cells were treated by X-irradiation in the G2, M phase, which were hervested by addition of ACNU 44 hours before irradiation. However simultaneous treatment of ACNU and X-irradiation on the cells in G1 phase was not so remarkable. In vivo experiments the anti-tumor effect of ACNU and X-irradiation on subcutaneously or intracranially transplanted glioma in mice was investigated. Either ACNU 10 mg/kg or local X-irradiation 1240 rads showed inhibitory effect on the tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of the tumor bearing mice. The combination therapy was more effective than ACNU or X-irradiation alone, particularly combination therapy of ACNU and repeated small doses irradiation of X-ray was remarkably effective. Evidence obtained indicates that the combination therapy of ACNU and X-irradiation have synnergistic anti-tumor effect on experimental mouse glioma.

Animals↗