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Biomedical subjects

H Mizuno

Publications and source records attributed to H Mizuno.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Proliferative activity and micronucleus frequency after radiation of lung cancer cells as assessed by the cytokinesis-block method and their relationship to clinical outcome.

We previously proposed a new assay using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) technique to estimate the fraction of cells undergoing mitosis in vitro [dividing fraction (DF)], potential doubling time (Tpot), and radiosensitivity (in terms of MN frequency) of human tumors. In the present study, we applied this technique to primary lung cancers to evaluate their biological characteristics, and the assay results for the proliferative activity were compared with the treatment outcome. Tumor tissues were disaggregated to single cells, which were cultured in the presence of cytochalasin B after (or without) radiation. At intervals, the proportion of multinucleate cells (its maximum value is the DF), the average number of nuclei/cell, and MNs in binucleate cells were scored. The Tpot was the extrapolated time for the nuclei:cell ratio to reach 2.0. Of the 71 tumor samples obtained, the DF and Tpot were evaluable in 61 (86%), and the MN frequency was evaluable in 52 (73%). The median DF and Tpot values were 23% and 7.7 days, respectively, for adenocarcinoma (n = 41), 26% and 8.9 days for squamous cell carcinoma (n = 13), 27% and 6.5 days for large cell carcinoma (n = 3), and 30% and 7.0 days for small cell carcinoma (n = 4). There was no significant difference in the mean DF or Tpot values according to the histological type or disease stage. The mean MN frequency after 2 Gy of radiation (minus the 0 Gy frequency) was 0.15 for adenocarcinoma, 0.17 for squamous cell carcinoma, 0.16 for large cell carcinoma, and 0.20 for small cell carcinoma. The MN frequency after radiation was positively correlated with both the DF and the baseline (at 0 Gy) MN frequency. In non-small cell lung cancer, a DF above the median was associated with an increased recurrence rate after operation, and the Tpot was correlated with the time until relapse in patients who developed recurrence. Although the clinical significance of the MN frequency needs to be clarified in future studies, the DF and Tpot determined by this assay appear to be good parameters of tumor proliferative activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1998

[Thymidylate synthase expression in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma].

We analyzed the relationship between clinical response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma (HPC) and thymidylate synthase (TS) expression in their tumors. TS expression was evaluated with immunohistochemical staining techniques on biopsy specimens from HPC patients. TS immunostaining was divided into four levels (TS0-TS3) according to its level and pattern. The relationship between prognosis, tumor size, nodal status, differentiation of tumor cells and TS expression were also investigated. There was a statistically significant association between the level of TS expression and tumor size (p < 0.01). In terms of the effectiveness of chemotherapy, tumor differentiation, nodal status and prognosis, a statistical difference was not found in TS expression. These results suggest that the level of TS expression may show the degree of tumor proliferation, but may not necessarily be useful to obtain a response to chemotherapy including other drugs, e.g., cisplatin and other derivatives of platinum.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[IP3 receptor].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1998

[Relationship of utilization rate of health examination under the Elderly Act to medical expenditure and days of medical care for the elderly].

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of utilization rate of health examination to medical expenditure and days of medical care per insured person under the Elderly Act. The factors related with the utilization rate of health examination were also analyzed by multiple regression analysis. The material used in this analysis was the 1993 national health insurance data for all of the 3,252 municipalities of Japan. The main results were as follows: 1. The average medical expenditure and days of medical care among the municipalities declined in the increasing order of the three categories of utilization rate of health examination; municipalities with utilization rate of less than 30% being the highest, and those with 50% or more being the lowest. 2. The average medical expenditure and days of medical care among the municipalities with community health centers were smaller than those without. 3. Multiple regression analysis showed that utilization rate had a positive relationship to percentage of elderly, presence of community health center, public financial power index, and number of public health nurses per resident. It had a negative relationship to the population and the number of clinical beds per resident. The number of public health nurses per resident was the most significant factor related with the utilization rate (standardized partial regression coefficient = 0.32). These results suggest that increasing the utilization rate of health examination and the number of community health centers could serve to lower medical expenditure and days of medical care through the promotion of the health services provided by municipalities.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1998

[Successful treatment with high dose chemotherapy following peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for relapsed Burkitt's lymphoma with central nervous system involvement].

A 19-year-old man complaining of right upper abdominal pain underwent surgery for the removal of a testicular tumor in October 1997. He was given a diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma and was in clinical stage II B. The patient went into completed remission with VABCOP-M combination chemotherapy, but relapsed with involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). He was treated with ICE, then CHASE together with total cranial irradiation and simultaneous intrathecal MTX and cytosine arabinoside through Ommaya reservoir until a second remission was achieved. Afterward, the patient was given high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by an autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant (auto-PBSCT), and maintained complete remission. Though the prognosis for Burkitt's lymphoma with CNS involvement is considered to be poor, high-dose chemotherapy with PBSCT was a successful treatment for relapsed Burkitt's lymphoma in our patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Appropriate laboratory use of microbiological testing for quality control and nosocomial infection control].

Useful information from clinical microbiological tests is required for clinical diagnosis and treatment of infectious disease, whereas concern about the quality of information is still low. To provide reliable information in clinical microbiological testing, it is necessary to control the quality of clinical specimens, because of its random character. Through effective use of laboratory testing database, it will be possible to shift away our vague management of pre-analytic phase of quality control so far to its established system based on objective evaluation. During the past 4 years, after the introduction of microbiological tests and information system in our hospital, the characteristics of sputum have become worse contrary to our expectations. This suggests that quality control needs successive improvements, even in service departments such as clinical laboratories. Application of laboratory testing database to nosocomial infection control is considered to be a performance of post-analytic phase of quality control from the viewpoint of effective use of laboratory data. We presented in this paper our practical application of the database to the short-term and long-term control of nosocomial infection.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗
PubMed1997

Prognostic significance of a clearly audible fourth heart sound detected a month after an acute myocardial infarction.

Patients (n = 181) with a myocardial infarction, with (n = 20) or without (n = 161) a clearly audible fourth heart sound detected 1 month after the onset of a myocardial infarction, were followed for 56.2 +/- 21.4 months for cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, coronary artery bypass surgery, worsening angina, or heart failure). The present study suggests that a clearly audible fourth heart sound detected 1 month after the onset of myocardial infarction increases the risk of adverse cardiac events.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of tulip aryl acylamidase: a key enzyme in plant herbicide detoxification.

Crystals of aryl acylamidase (E.C. 3.5.1.13) from tulip bulbs have been obtained by the hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 as a precipitant. The crystals belong to space group P2(1)2(1)2(1) with unit-cell dimensions a = 68.7, b = 80.1 and c = 112.9 A. Assuming two molecules of molecular weight of 34 kDa in the asymmetric unit, V(m) is 2.28 A(3) Da(-1), indicating a solvent content of approximately 46%. The intensity data have been collected to 2.5 A resolution with an R(merge) of 0.067.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

Glucocorticoid induced the expression of mRNA and the secretion of lipocortin 1 in rat astrocytoma cells.

The lipocortins are a family of structurally related proteins that have been shown to be implicated in multiple aspects of cell biology. Subsequent research has shown that lipocortin 1 (LC1) participates in the physiological and pathological functioning of the CNS and neuroendocrine system. In the present study, the effects of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), dibutyryl cyclic AMP (Bt2cAMP) or dexamethasone (DEX) on expression of LC1 were investigated by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in rat astrocytoma (C6) cells. Time-dependent experiments revealed that the intracellular protein content and the mRNA of rat LC1 increased significantly 4 h after TPA (10 mM) or DEX (1 microM) addition. TPA and DEX elicited a prominent induction of LC1 at 10(-8) M and 10(-6) M, respectively. Bt2cAMP (0.5 mM) also appeared to induce, but the induction was not statistically significant. In addition, DEX increased the extracellular secretion of LC1 without cytotoxicity. These results suggest that LC1 synthesis is chemically induced and selectively released from C6 cells by dexamethasone.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

A randomized study comparing VMCP and MMPP in the treatment of multiple myeloma.

PURPOSE: To compare VMCP, a multidrug combination chemotherapy comprising vincristine (VCR), melphalan (MPH), cyclophosphamide (CPM) and prednisolone (PSL), with MMPP comprising MPH, ranimustine (MCNU), procarbazine, and PSL as induction, to elucidate the value of alternating combination chemotherapy, and to search for an appropriate maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma. METHODS: At 16 institutions in the Nagoya City area, we carried out a randomized trial of VMCP versus MMPP as the initial treatment. Patients who were refractory or resistant to the initial therapy were crossed over into the other arm (crossover trial). For patients who achieved a partial response (PR) or a minor response (MR) and in whom the paraprotein level ceased to decrease, the maintenance therapy was randomized either to an MPH/PSL combination (MP) or to alternating combination therapy (AT) with VMCP and MMPP. RESULTS: In the 94 evaluable patients of the 111 enrolled, the response rate (PR rate) was 27.7% (13/47) in the VMCP arm and 44.7% (21/47) in the MMPP arm (P = 0.0859). The crossover trial resulted in a PR rate of 15.8% (3/19) for the VMCP-->MMPP crossover and 14.3% (2/14) for the MMPP-->VMCP crossover. The median survival time was 23.4 months for those initially begun in the VMCP arm and 24.9 months for those in the MMPP arm, showing a tendency for better survival during a follow-up of 2-6 years with MMPP treatment, but without statistical significance. The survival time of patients with progressive disease was significantly shorter than that of patients with PR, MR or no change (NC). However, there was no significant difference in the survival rate among those who achieved PR, MR, or NC. As to the maintenance therapy, there was no significant difference in survival between MP therapy and AT. Patients who reached a plateau phase survived significantly longer than those who did not. Except for six cases of grade 3 or 4 neurotoxicity in the VMCP arm, there was no significant difference in the hematologic or gastrointestinal toxicity between the two arms. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that VMCP is less effective for myeloma than MMPP as the induction treatment, that alternating noncrossresistant chemotherapeutic combinations do not offer an advantage in multiple myeloma, and that patients who reach a plateau phase have a significantly longer survival time.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Tracheal stenosis treated with self-expanding nitinol stent.

A self-expanding nitinol stent was used in 2 patients with inoperable tracheal stenosis due to invasive malignant tumor of the trachea. One was a 70-year-old man with recurrent tumor from adenocarcinoma of the left lung, and the other was a 63-year-old man with recurrent tumor in mediastinal lymph nodes from esophageal cancer. The self-expanding nitinol stent is very useful and effective in inoperable tracheal stenosis due to intraluminal tumor invasion.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Neural reflex-mediated tracheal response during bronchoconstriction induced by ovalbumin antigen in guinea pigs.

1. The biphasic reflex tracheal response (constriction followed by dilatation) occurred during bronchoconstriction induced by inhalation of ovalbumin antigen (OA) in sensitized guinea pigs. 2. The reflex tracheal constriction was largely reduced by atropine, and the dilatation was inhibited by propranolol and N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The noradrenaline, adrenaline, cyclic AMP, and cyclic GMP contents in the tracheal segment were significantly higher during reflex tracheal dilatation. 3. These findings suggest that cholinergic nerves may mediate reflex tracheal constriction and that adrenergic and NOergic nerves may mediate the ensuing reflex tracheal dilatation.

Allergens↗
PubMed1997

Induction of cyclooxygenase 2 in gastric mucosal lesions and its inhibition by the specific antagonist delays healing in mice.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The role of two forms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) in gastric mucosal lesions is not well understood. The regulation of both forms of COX and the effect of COX-2 on the repair process of gastric mucosal lesions in mice were investigated. METHODS: Gastric mucosal erosions and ulcers were induced experimentally in mice. The level of COX messenger RNA (mRNA) was determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. COX proteins were detected by Western blot analysis, and COX activity was determined in the presence or absence of NS-398, a specific COX-2 antagonist. The effects of long-term administration of NS-398 on gastric ulcers were examined. RESULTS: COX-2 mRNA levels were not detected in control conditions but were high during the acute stages of gastric erosions and ulcers. COX-2 protein was detected 5 days after ulcer induction but not in control mice. Gastric ulceration was not associated with a change in COX-1 mRNA and protein levels. Administration of NS-398 to mice with ulcers at acute stages impaired the healing of ulcers. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of COX-2 mRNA and protein during the acute stages of gastric mucosal lesions may be involved in the repair process of these lesions in mice.

Acetic Acid↗
PubMed1997

Vascularized fibula graft for spinal fusion in severe cervical kyphosis due to neurofibromatosis.

A successful anterior spinal fusion using vascularized fibula graft in the case of a 17-year-old male with severe cervical kyphosis due to neurofibromatosis is reported. Anterior spinal fusion at C2-7 using the fibula graft was performed with spinous process wiring. The kyphosis was corrected from 85 to 38 degrees. Bony fusion was obtained in 5 months without loss of correction.

Adolescent↗